Pyrohiv
Encyclopedia
Pyrohiv also known as Pirogov , originally a village south of Kiev
, is a neighborhood in the southern outskirts of the Ukrainian
capital city. It is now home to an outdoor Museum
of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine.
Although the origin of the toponym is uncertain, pyrohiv is genitive
plural form of the Ukrainian word for pie
.
. Pyrohivka settlement was first mentioned in 1627, as a feudal domain of the Kievan Cave Monastery
. The 1720 records mention the village of Pyrozhov. The territory was included within the Kiev administrative boundary
in 1957.
Two modern streets now go along the historic road Pyrohiv way (Pyrohivs'kyi Shlyah): the Stolychne Shose (Capital Motorway) and Novopyrohivska (New Pyrohiv) Street..
The territory of historic Pyrohiv now serves as the location of a 1.5 square kilometres (370.7 acre) outdoor Museum
of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine. Founded in 1969, the museum contains over 300 pieces of folk architecture brought here from all parts of Ukraine and carefully reassembled. The picturesque hill with several windmill
s is the museum centrepiece and the entire territory of the museum is divided into sectors, each representing the folk architecture and life of a specific Ukrainian region.
Commoner's homes, buildings of small trade, commerce
and local administration, and old wooden village churches contain authentic items that represent the everyday lifestyle of Ukrainian villagers and townsfolk. Local volunteers and modern Ukrainian artisan
s selling their wares dress in old-style clothes and demonstrate the use of authentic everyday items to visitors.
Pyrohiv museum has been accorded the status of State Museum of Ukraine and is affiliated with the Institute of Arts, Folklore and Ethnology of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine
.
, set to cover up the theft of a valuable collection of eighteenth-century cassoni which were exhibited in the burned building. Skrypnyk noted that in Soviet times the museum had a designated security group and fire house, which were disbanded after the Soviet collapse owing to negligence in financing on the part of the Ukrainian government.
The land usage in the vicinity of the museum has become the centre of scandal as the local authorities approved several commercial construction projects, including a luxurious high-rise entertainment complex and a gasoline
filling station
. The construction work for the former is now stalled due to the public outrage, but the work on building the filling station near the museum entrance has proceeded.
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, is a neighborhood in the southern outskirts of the Ukrainian
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
capital city. It is now home to an outdoor Museum
Open air museum
An open-air museum is a distinct type of museum exhibiting its collections out-of-doors. The first open-air museums were established in Scandinavia towards the end of the nineteenth century, and the concept soon spread throughout Europe and North America. Open-air museums are variously known as...
of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine.
Although the origin of the toponym is uncertain, pyrohiv is genitive
Genitive case
In grammar, genitive is the grammatical case that marks a noun as modifying another noun...
plural form of the Ukrainian word for pie
Pyrih
thumb|right|A fish pyrih .Pirog, or Pyrih is an Eastern European pie that can have either a sweet or savoury filling.- Pastry :...
.
Location
Archaeological evidence confirms that the territory of Pyrohiv has been settled at the times of the Bronze AgeBronze Age
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...
. Pyrohivka settlement was first mentioned in 1627, as a feudal domain of the Kievan Cave Monastery
Kiev Pechersk Lavra
Kiev Pechersk Lavra or Kyiv Pechersk Lavra , also known as the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, is a historic Orthodox Christian monastery which gave its name to one of the city districts where it is located in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine....
. The 1720 records mention the village of Pyrozhov. The territory was included within the Kiev administrative boundary
Subdivisions of Kiev
Subdivisions of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, include the formal administrative subdivision into raions and the more detailed informal subdivision into historical neighborhoods.-History of subdivision:...
in 1957.
Two modern streets now go along the historic road Pyrohiv way (Pyrohivs'kyi Shlyah): the Stolychne Shose (Capital Motorway) and Novopyrohivska (New Pyrohiv) Street..
Museum
Open air museum
An open-air museum is a distinct type of museum exhibiting its collections out-of-doors. The first open-air museums were established in Scandinavia towards the end of the nineteenth century, and the concept soon spread throughout Europe and North America. Open-air museums are variously known as...
of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine. Founded in 1969, the museum contains over 300 pieces of folk architecture brought here from all parts of Ukraine and carefully reassembled. The picturesque hill with several windmill
Windmill
A windmill is a machine which converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails or blades. Originally windmills were developed for milling grain for food production. In the course of history the windmill was adapted to many other industrial uses. An important...
s is the museum centrepiece and the entire territory of the museum is divided into sectors, each representing the folk architecture and life of a specific Ukrainian region.
Commoner's homes, buildings of small trade, commerce
Commerce
While business refers to the value-creating activities of an organization for profit, commerce means the whole system of an economy that constitutes an environment for business. The system includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural, and technological systems that are in operation in any...
and local administration, and old wooden village churches contain authentic items that represent the everyday lifestyle of Ukrainian villagers and townsfolk. Local volunteers and modern Ukrainian artisan
Artisan
An artisan is a skilled manual worker who makes items that may be functional or strictly decorative, including furniture, clothing, jewellery, household items, and tools...
s selling their wares dress in old-style clothes and demonstrate the use of authentic everyday items to visitors.
Pyrohiv museum has been accorded the status of State Museum of Ukraine and is affiliated with the Institute of Arts, Folklore and Ethnology of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine
National Academy of Science of Ukraine
The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is the highest government research body in Ukraine and one of the six state academies. Its presidium is located at 57 Volodymyr Street, across the street from the Building of Pedagogical Museum where used to preside the Central Rada during the...
.
Recent controversies
In recent years, several of the museum's wooden buildings have been damaged by fires. The most recent fire on September 15, 2006 completely destroyed one house and seriously damaged two others. According to both Institute Director Hanna Skrypnyk and the Ukrainian Ministry of Emergencies, the fire was the result of arsonArson
Arson is the crime of intentionally or maliciously setting fire to structures or wildland areas. It may be distinguished from other causes such as spontaneous combustion and natural wildfires...
, set to cover up the theft of a valuable collection of eighteenth-century cassoni which were exhibited in the burned building. Skrypnyk noted that in Soviet times the museum had a designated security group and fire house, which were disbanded after the Soviet collapse owing to negligence in financing on the part of the Ukrainian government.
The land usage in the vicinity of the museum has become the centre of scandal as the local authorities approved several commercial construction projects, including a luxurious high-rise entertainment complex and a gasoline
Gasoline
Gasoline , or petrol , is a toxic, translucent, petroleum-derived liquid that is primarily used as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives. Some gasolines also contain...
filling station
Filling station
A filling station, also known as a fueling station, garage, gasbar , gas station , petrol bunk , petrol pump , petrol garage, petrol kiosk , petrol station "'servo"' in Australia or service station, is a facility which sells fuel and lubricants...
. The construction work for the former is now stalled due to the public outrage, but the work on building the filling station near the museum entrance has proceeded.