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Popperian cosmology

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	Topics Popperian cosmology Topic Home Popperian cosmology is Karl PopperKarl Popper Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH, MA, Ph.D., D.LITT, FBA, FRS , was an Austrian and British philosopher and a professor at the Lo... 's philosophical theory of realityReality Reality in everyday usage means "everything that exists".... that includes three interacting worlds, called World 1, World 2 and World 3. Popperian cosmology also includes Karl Popper's theory of objective epistemology, also known as his theory of falsifiabilityFalsifiability In science and the philosophy of science, *falsifiability, contingency, and defeasibility* are roughly... . Worlds 1, 2 and 3 Popperian cosmology splits the universe into three interacting sub-universes: World 1: the world of physical objectObject (philosophy) In philosophy, an object is a thing, an entity, or a being.... s and eventFacts About Event (philosophy) In philosophy, events are objects in time or instantiations of properties in objects.... s, including biologicalBiology Biology is the branch of science dealing with the study of life.... entities World 2: the world of mentalMind Mind refers to the collective aspects of intellect and consciousness which are manifest in some combination of thought, perc... objects and events World 3: the world of the products of the human mindMind Mind refers to the collective aspects of intellect and consciousness which are manifest in some combination of thought, perc... The main argument for the existence of World 2 and World 3 is the direct or indirect causationCausality The philosophical concept of causality, the principles of causes, or causation, the working of causes, refers to the s... on World 1. The interaction of World 1 and World 2 The theory of interaction between World 1 and World 2 is an alternative theory to Cartesian dualism. Cartesian dualism is based on the theory that the universe is composed of two essential substanceSubstance The word originates from Latin substantia, literally meaning "standing under".... s: Res Cogitans and Res ExtensaRes Extensa Summary Ren Descartes used the term res extensa and its opposite res cogitans in his philosophical system called the Cartesian syste... . Popperian cosmology rejects this essentialismEssentialism In philosophy, essentialism is the view, that, for any specific kind of entity it is at least theoretically possible to spec... , but maintains the common sense view that physical and mental states exist, and they interact. The interaction of World 1 and World 2 is also an alternative to epiphenomenalismFacts About Epiphenomenalism Epiphenomenalism is a view in philosophy of mind according to which some or all mental states are mere epiphenomena of ... , where World 2 objects and events are real but do not have any causal actionCausality The philosophical concept of causality, the principles of causes, or causation, the working of causes, refers to the s... on World 1. Popperian cosmology rejects this for the reason that "downward causationCausality The philosophical concept of causality, the principles of causes, or causation, the working of causes, refers to the s... " is not impossible. World 3 Popperian cosmology claims the existence of a third world called World 3, which contains the products of the human mindMind Mind refers to the collective aspects of intellect and consciousness which are manifest in some combination of thought, perc... . World 3 contains abstract objectObject (philosophy) In philosophy, an object is a thing, an entity, or a being.... s such as scientific theories, storiesNarrative In non-technical terms, no matter what the context a narrative is a story, an interpretation of some aspect of the world tha... , mythMythology The word *mythology* literally means the retelling of myths stories that a particular culture believes to be true and t... s, toolTool A tool or device is a piece of equipment that provides a mechanical advantage in accomplishing a physical task.... s, social institutionsInstitution Institutions are social structures and social mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of two or m... , and works of artArt By its original and broadest definition, *art* is the product or process of the effective application of a body of knowle... . Karl Popper's theory of objective knowledge belongs to World 3. Scientific theories are formed in World 3, which enable them to be criticised and to be potentially falsifiedFalsifiability In science and the philosophy of science, *falsifiability, contingency, and defeasibility* are roughly... . The interaction of World 2 and World 3 The interaction of World 2 and World 3 is based on the theory that World 3 is partially autonomous. For example, the development of scientific theories in World 3 leads to unintended consequenceUnintended consequence An unintended consequence comes about when a mechanism that has been installed in the world with the intention of producing ... s, in that problems and contradictions are discovered by World 2. Another example is that the process of learningLearning Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, attitudes, or values, through study, experience, or teaching.... causes World 3 to change World 2. The interaction of World 1 and World 3 Contained in World 3 are also things as feats of engineeringEngineering Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to develop economical solutions to technical proble... and artArt By its original and broadest definition, *art* is the product or process of the effective application of a body of knowle... . The World 3 objects, although extant in World 1, are embodied and given extra meaning by World 3. For example, the intrinsic value of HamletHamlet *The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark* is a tragedy by William Shakespeare and is one of his best-known and most quote... as a World 3 object has many embodiments in World 1, the physical world. This idea would be something along the lines of a meta-object, or a form of a being. Works Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach, 1972 The Self and Its Brain: An Argument for InteractionismInteractionism Interactionism is a generic sociological perspective that brings under its umbrella a number of subperspectives:... (with Sir John C. Eccles), 1977 The Open Universe: An Argument for IndeterminismIndeterminism Indeterminism is the philosophical belief contradictory to determinism: that there are events which do not correspond with d... , 1982 Knowledge and the Body-Mind Problem, 1994. External links Delivered by Karl Popper at The University of Michigan on April 7, 1978.