All Topics  
Perinatal mortality

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Perinatal mortality
 
 
  Topics Perinatal mortality Topic Home

Perinatal mortality (PNM), also perinatal death, refers to the death of a fetus
Fetus

A fetus is a developing mammal or other viviparous vertebrate, after the embryonic stage and before childbirth. The plural is fetuses, or sometimes feti....
 or neonate and is the basis to calculate the perinatal mortality rate
Mortality rate

Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths in some population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1000 individuals per year; thus, a mortality rate of 9.5 in a population of 100,000 would mean 950 deaths per year in that entire population....
. Variations in the precise definition of the perinatal mortality exist specifically concerning the issue of inclusion or exclusion of early fetal and late neonatal fatalities. Thus the WHO
Who

*Who is an English language interrogative pronoun....
 ‘s definition "Deaths occurring during late pregnancy (at 22 completed weeks gestation and over), during childbirth
Childbirth

Childbirth is the culmination of a human pregnancy or gestation period with the delivery of one or more newborn infants from a woman's uterus. The process of normal human childbirth is categorized in three stages of labour: the shortening and dilation of the cervix, descent and delivery of the infant, and delivery of the placenta.....
 and up to seven completed days of life" is not universally accepted.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Perinatal mortality'
Start a new discussion about 'Perinatal mortality'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Perinatal mortality (PNM), also perinatal death, refers to the death of a fetus
Fetus

A fetus is a developing mammal or other viviparous vertebrate, after the embryonic stage and before childbirth. The plural is fetuses, or sometimes feti....
 or neonate and is the basis to calculate the perinatal mortality rate
Mortality rate

Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths in some population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1000 individuals per year; thus, a mortality rate of 9.5 in a population of 100,000 would mean 950 deaths per year in that entire population....
. Variations in the precise definition of the perinatal mortality exist specifically concerning the issue of inclusion or exclusion of early fetal and late neonatal fatalities. Thus the WHO
Who

*Who is an English language interrogative pronoun....
 ‘s definition "Deaths occurring during late pregnancy (at 22 completed weeks gestation and over), during childbirth
Childbirth

Childbirth is the culmination of a human pregnancy or gestation period with the delivery of one or more newborn infants from a woman's uterus. The process of normal human childbirth is categorized in three stages of labour: the shortening and dilation of the cervix, descent and delivery of the infant, and delivery of the placenta.....
 and up to seven completed days of life" is not universally accepted. The perinatal mortality is the sum of the fetal mortality and the neonatal mortality.

Fetal mortality

Fetal mortality refers to stillbirth
Stillbirth

A stillbirth occurs when a fetus which has death in the uterus or during labor or childbirth, while exiting a woman's human body. The term is often used in distinction to live birth or miscarriage....
s or fetal death. It encompasses any death of a fetus after 20 weeks of gestation or 500 gm. In some definitions of the PNM early fetal mortality (week 20-27 gestation) is not included, and the PNM may only include late fetal death and neonatal death. Fetal death can also be divided into death prior to labor
Childbirth

Childbirth is the culmination of a human pregnancy or gestation period with the delivery of one or more newborn infants from a woman's uterus. The process of normal human childbirth is categorized in three stages of labour: the shortening and dilation of the cervix, descent and delivery of the infant, and delivery of the placenta.....
, antenatal (antepartum) death, and death during labor, intranatal (intrapartum) death. Fetal mortality can be decreased by good preconception health among women before they get pregnant.

Neonatal mortality

Early neonatal mortality refers to a death of a live-born baby within the first seven days of life, while late neonatal mortality covers the time after 7 days until before 29 days. The sum of these two represents the neonatal mortality. Some definitions of the PNM include only the early neonatal mortality. Neonatal mortality is affected by the quality of in-hospital care for the neonate. Neonatal mortality and postneonatal mortality (covering the remaining 11 months of the first year of life) are reflected in the Infant Mortality Rate
Infant mortality

Infant mortality is defined as the number of deaths of infants per 1000 live births. The most common cause of infant mortality worldwide has traditionally been dehydration from diarrhea....
.

Perinatal Mortality Rate

The PNMR refers to the number of perinatal deaths per 1,000 total births. It is usually reported on an annual basis. It is a major marker to assess the quality of health care delivery. Comparisons between different rates may be hampered by varying definitions, registration bias, and differences in the underlying risks of the populations.

PNMRs vary widely and may be below 10 for certain developed countries and more than 10 times higher in developing countries . The WHO has not published contemporary data.

See also

  • Maternal death
    Maternal death

    Maternal death, or maternal mortality, also "obstetrical death" is the death of a woman during or shortly after a pregnancy. In 2000, the United Nations estimated global maternal mortality at 529,000, of which less than 1% occurred in the developed country....


External links