Paul Joseph Pham Dinh Tung
Encyclopedia
Paul Joseph Phạm Đình Tụng (June 15, 1919 – February 22, 2009) was ordained to the priesthood on June 6, 1949. He was pastor of Hàm Long Parish, Hanoi, 1950-1955. Superior of St. John Minor Seminary, Hanoi, 1955-1963; the Seminary was closed by the State authority in 1960 and never opened again. He was named bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...

 of Bac Ninh
Bac Ninh
Bắc Ninh is a city in Vietnam and capital of the Bac Ninh province. The city is the cultural, administrative, and commercial center of the province. The city area is 80.82 square km, with a population of 150,331 . In January, 2006, the town of Bac Ninh was upgraded to city...

 in 1963. He was appointed archbishop of Hanoi in March 1994 and elevated to Cardinal in November 1994. He retired as archbishop of Hanoi in 2005 and was succeeded by Archbishop Joseph Ngô Quang Kiêt.

Since nearly the very beginning of his religious life, he was under house arrest
House arrest
In justice and law, house arrest is a measure by which a person is confined by the authorities to his or her residence. Travel is usually restricted, if allowed at all...

, unable to carry out his duties to the nearly 100 parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...

es under his jurisdiction.

He began to compile in lục bát the entire life of Jesus
Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth , commonly referred to as Jesus Christ or simply as Jesus or Christ, is the central figure of Christianity...

, the Gospels, Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...

 doctrine, and the commandments of God and the Church. He was created a Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria Regina Pacis in Ostia Mare by John Paul II during the Consistory
Consistory
-Antiquity:Originally, the Latin word consistorium meant simply 'sitting together', just as the Greek synedrion ....

of November 26, 1994. He resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese according to canon 401 § 1 of the Code of Canon Law on February 19, 2005. He died on 22 February 2009 aged 89.

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