Paul Green (engineer)
Encyclopedia
Paul Eliot Green, Jr. is an American electrical engineer, famous for his research in spread spectrum
and radar
technology. He was the son of playwright Paul Green
.
Green majored in physics
from University of North Carolina
, while serving at Naval ROTC from which he later retired as a lieutenant commander
. His masters studies in electrical engineering
at the same university (1948) focused on cryptographic research, and were followed by Ph.D.
from M.I.T. (1953) on a thesis on spread spectrum
, supervised by Wilbur Davenport
, Robert Fano
and Jerome Wiesner
.
This involved creating the Rake receiver
(with Robert Price
) and supervision of its deployment in a first-ever spread-spectrum system, the Lincoln F9C (1950).
Following his studies, Green and Price (at Lincoln Laboratories), attempting to bounce radar
waves off the planet Venus
(1958). With Gordon Pettengill
, he worked out a theory of range-Doppler
mapping that was used on the Magellan probe
mapping of Venus
' surface twenty years later. He also designed the LASA (Large Aperture Seismic Array) for earthquake prediction
, first deployed in Montana
and Norway
(at NORSAR
) in 1963.
In 1969, Green became head of IBM Research
, communications dept., involved in the Systems Network Architecture
, in particular the Advanced peer-to-peer networking
protocol. Since 1988 he headed the optical communications (focusing on wavelength division multiplexing) research group that was acquired by Tellabs
company where he worked 1997-2000.
Green is the author of Fiber Optic Networks (1992) and published extensively during his career.
He is an IEEE Fellow (1962), received the Aerospace pioneer award (1980), was elected to the National Academy of Engineering
(1982) and received the Simon Ramo
medal (1991). Also, he served as the IEEE Communications Society
president (1992-93), and became well known for his (since 1981) Communicrostic crossword in the IEEE Communications Magazine. He received the SIGCOMM Award
(1994).
Spread spectrum
Spread-spectrum techniques are methods by which a signal generated in a particular bandwidth is deliberately spread in the frequency domain, resulting in a signal with a wider bandwidth...
and radar
Radar
Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...
technology. He was the son of playwright Paul Green
Paul Green
Paul Eliot Green was an American playwright best known for his depictions of life in North Carolina during the first decades of the twentieth century...
.
Green majored in physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
from University of North Carolina
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States...
, while serving at Naval ROTC from which he later retired as a lieutenant commander
Lieutenant Commander
Lieutenant Commander is a commissioned officer rank in many navies. The rank is superior to a lieutenant and subordinate to a commander...
. His masters studies in electrical engineering
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical...
at the same university (1948) focused on cryptographic research, and were followed by Ph.D.
Ph.D.
A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, an academic degree.Ph.D. may also refer to:* Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*Piled Higher and Deeper, a web comic strip*PhD: Phantasy Degree, a Korean comic series* PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
from M.I.T. (1953) on a thesis on spread spectrum
Spread spectrum
Spread-spectrum techniques are methods by which a signal generated in a particular bandwidth is deliberately spread in the frequency domain, resulting in a signal with a wider bandwidth...
, supervised by Wilbur Davenport
Wilbur Davenport
Wilbur B. Davenport Jr. was an American engineer and scientist, known for his work on communications systems.He received his S.M. and Ph.D. from M.I.T. where he became assistant professor and professor . From 1951 he worked with Lincoln Lab as leader of the research group on communications...
, Robert Fano
Robert Fano
Robert Mario Fano is an Italian-American computer scientist, currently professor emeritus of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Fano is known principally for his work on information theory, inventing Shannon-Fano coding...
and Jerome Wiesner
Jerome Wiesner
Jerome Bert Wiesner was an educator, a Science Advisor to U.S. Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy and Johnson, an advocate for arms control, and a critic of anti-ballistic-missile defense systems...
.
This involved creating the Rake receiver
Rake receiver
A rake receiver is a radio receiver designed to counter the effects of multipath fading. It does this by using several "sub-receivers" called fingers, that is, several correlators each assigned to a different multipath component...
(with Robert Price
Robert Price (engineer)
Robert Price . Born in West Chester, Pennsylvania. An American electrical engineer, known best for his research in spread spectrum and radar technology....
) and supervision of its deployment in a first-ever spread-spectrum system, the Lincoln F9C (1950).
Following his studies, Green and Price (at Lincoln Laboratories), attempting to bounce radar
Radar
Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...
waves off the planet Venus
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. After the Moon, it is the brightest natural object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6, bright enough to cast shadows...
(1958). With Gordon Pettengill
Gordon Pettengill
Gordon Pettengill is a noted American radio astronomer and planetary physicist.-Early life and education:Pettengill was born in Providence, Rhode Island. As a young man he was enthralled with radio and electronics, taking apart and building old radios...
, he worked out a theory of range-Doppler
Doppler radar
A Doppler radar is a specialized radar that makes use of the Doppler effect to produce velocity data about objects at a distance. It does this by beaming a microwave signal towards a desired target and listening for its reflection, then analyzing how the frequency of the returned signal has been...
mapping that was used on the Magellan probe
Magellan probe
The Magellan spacecraft, also referred to as the Venus Radar Mapper, was a 1,035-kilogram robotic space probe launched by NASA on May 4, 1989, to map the surface of Venus using Synthetic Aperture Radar and measure the planetary gravity...
mapping of Venus
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. After the Moon, it is the brightest natural object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6, bright enough to cast shadows...
' surface twenty years later. He also designed the LASA (Large Aperture Seismic Array) for earthquake prediction
Earthquake prediction
An earthquake prediction is a prediction that an earthquake of a specific magnitude will occur in a particular place at a particular time . Despite considerable research efforts by seismologists, scientifically reproducible predictions cannot yet be made to a specific day or month...
, first deployed in Montana
Montana
Montana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
and Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
(at NORSAR
Kjeller
Kjeller is located near Lillestrøm in the municipality of Skedsmo, Norway. It is located 25 kilometers north of Oslo.-The name:The Norse form of the name was probably Tjaldir. This is then the plural of tjald n 'tent'...
) in 1963.
In 1969, Green became head of IBM Research
IBM Research
IBM Research, a division of IBM, is a research and advanced development organization and currently consists of eight locations throughout the world and hundreds of projects....
, communications dept., involved in the Systems Network Architecture
Systems Network Architecture
Systems Network Architecture is IBM's proprietary networking architecture created in 1974. It is a complete protocol stack for interconnecting computers and their resources. SNA describes the protocol and is, in itself, not actually a program...
, in particular the Advanced peer-to-peer networking
APPN
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking is an extension to the Systems Network Architecture .It includes features such as these:* distributed network control...
protocol. Since 1988 he headed the optical communications (focusing on wavelength division multiplexing) research group that was acquired by Tellabs
Tellabs
Tellabs, Inc. is a telecommunications company that designs and manufactures equipment for service providers.Ranked among the BusinessWeek InfoTech 100, Tellabs is part of the NASDAQ-100 Index, NASDAQ Global Select Market, Ocean Tomo 300 Patent Index and the S&P 500...
company where he worked 1997-2000.
Green is the author of Fiber Optic Networks (1992) and published extensively during his career.
He is an IEEE Fellow (1962), received the Aerospace pioneer award (1980), was elected to the National Academy of Engineering
National Academy of Engineering
The National Academy of Engineering is a government-created non-profit institution in the United States, that was founded in 1964 under the same congressional act that led to the founding of the National Academy of Sciences...
(1982) and received the Simon Ramo
Simon Ramo
Simon "Si" Ramo is an American physicist, engineer, and business leader. He led development of microwave and missile technology and is sometimes known as the father of the intercontinental ballistic missile...
medal (1991). Also, he served as the IEEE Communications Society
IEEE Communications Society
The IEEE Communications Society is a professional society of the IEEE. It is also known by the abbreviation ComSoc. The Society focuses on two principal areas: the science of, and education about, communications engineering with the goal of advancing the state of the field; and professional...
president (1992-93), and became well known for his (since 1981) Communicrostic crossword in the IEEE Communications Magazine. He received the SIGCOMM Award
SIGCOMM Award
The SIGCOMM Award recognizes lifetime contribution to the field of communication networks.The award is presented in the annual SIGCOMM Technical Conference.The awardees are:* 2011 Vern Paxson* 2010 Radia Perlman* 2009 Jon Crowcroft* 2008 Don Towsley...
(1994).
External links
- sigcomm.org on the SIGCOMM AwardSIGCOMM AwardThe SIGCOMM Award recognizes lifetime contribution to the field of communication networks.The award is presented in the annual SIGCOMM Technical Conference.The awardees are:* 2011 Vern Paxson* 2010 Radia Perlman* 2009 Jon Crowcroft* 2008 Don Towsley...
- interview by David Hotchfelder, IEEE History Center, October 15, 1999
- Paul Green honored on his 80th year birthday, in IEEE CommunicationsIEEE Communications SocietyThe IEEE Communications Society is a professional society of the IEEE. It is also known by the abbreviation ComSoc. The Society focuses on two principal areas: the science of, and education about, communications engineering with the goal of advancing the state of the field; and professional...
, pages 16-17, May 2004 (interview and picture)