Nikolai Anosov
Encyclopedia
Nikolai Pavlovich Anosov (Николай Павлович Аносов) (Borisoglebsk
5 February 1900 – Moscow
2 December 1962) was a Russian conductor and pedagogue who conducted the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra (МГАСО) after Lev Steinberg
. He is father of Gennady Rozhdestvensky
, who adopted the maiden name of his mother, soprano Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya
in its masculine form to avoid the appearance of nepotism when making his own career, and the painter P. N. Anosov.
Anosov's father was a manager at the Volga-Kama Bank in Borisoglebsk, then in Tambov Governorate
, today in Voronezh Oblast
, and Nikolai received music lessons at home. After graduating from the Alexander High School in Borisoglebsk in 1918 he entered the Petrovsko-Razumovskaya Agricultural University
in Moscow
, but volunteered in the Red Army
, and at the end of the year, as a cadet of the First Artillery School, participated in the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion
. Because of his facility with foreign languages (French, English and German) Anosov was sent to work in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs dealing with foreign aid agencies.
Only in the mid-1920s did he commit his interests to music, taking a position as pianist-accompanist in the Stanislavsky Opera Studio, then in 1928 in the Moscow Philharmonic, while studying music theory with Professor Andrei Fedorovich Mutli, and composition with Anatoly Nikolayevich Alexandrov
, then in the opera section of the Radiokomitet.
Although not officially qualified as a conductor in 1930 he replaced the scheduled, but indisposed, conductor of Christoph Willibald Gluck
's opera Orfeo ed Euridice
on the radio, as a result of which Anosov was officially granted status as a conductor. From 1937-1938 was the chief conductor of the Symphony Orchestra of Rostov-on-Don
, from 1938-1940 of the Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra of Azerbaijan
on the invitation of Uzeyir Hajibeyov
(1885–1948). From 1938 Anosov he taught at Baku
. During the Second World War 1941-1944 he was artistic director of Front-line Opera VTO, during which time also, in 1943, he graduated in composition from the Moscow Conservatory
as an external student.
From 1944-1949 he was chief conductor of the Opera Studio of the Moscow Conservatory, where he promoted awareness of early Russian opera conducting in 1947 Yevstigney Fomin
's opera The Coachmen ("Ямщики на подставе" premiere 1787) and Dmitri Bortniansky's Le Fils-Rival, ou La Moderne Stratonice ("Сын-соперник" premiere 1787), neither of which had been heard since their premieres. In he 1951 was made a Meritorious Artist
of the RSFSR, published a textbook to reading symphonic music, and was appointed a professor at the Moscow Conservatory
. Anosov continued to conduct, touring Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and other countries.
Borisoglebsk
Borisoglebsk is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vorona River near its confluence with the Khopyor.Population: 65,000 . It is host to Borisoglebsk air base.Borisoglebsk was founded in mid-17th century...
5 February 1900 – Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
2 December 1962) was a Russian conductor and pedagogue who conducted the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra (МГАСО) after Lev Steinberg
Lev Steinberg
Lev Petrovich Steinberg was a Russian conductor and composer.In 1914 Diaghilev invited him to Paris and London. He founded the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra in 1943....
. He is father of Gennady Rozhdestvensky
Gennady Rozhdestvensky
Gennady Nikolayevich Rozhdestvensky is a Russian conductor.-Biography:Rozhdestvensky was born in Moscow. His parents were the noted conductor and pedagogue Nikolai Anosov and soprano Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya...
, who adopted the maiden name of his mother, soprano Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya
Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya
Natalya Petrovna Rozhdestvenskaya was a Russian soprano, wife of conductor Nikolai Anosov and mother of Gennady Rozhdestvensky....
in its masculine form to avoid the appearance of nepotism when making his own career, and the painter P. N. Anosov.
Anosov's father was a manager at the Volga-Kama Bank in Borisoglebsk, then in Tambov Governorate
Tambov Governorate
Tambov Governorate was the administrative unit of the Russian Empire, Russian Republic, and later the Russian SFSR with the center in the city of Tambov. The governorate was located between 51°14' and 55°6' of north latitude and between 38°9' and 43°38' east longitude...
, today in Voronezh Oblast
Voronezh Oblast
Voronezh Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It was established on June 13, 1934.-Main rivers:*Don*Voronezh*Bityug*Khopyor-Economy:...
, and Nikolai received music lessons at home. After graduating from the Alexander High School in Borisoglebsk in 1918 he entered the Petrovsko-Razumovskaya Agricultural University
Russian State Agricultural University
Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev is one of the oldest agrarian educational institution in Russia. It was founded on December 3, 1865....
in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, but volunteered in the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
, and at the end of the year, as a cadet of the First Artillery School, participated in the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion
Kronstadt rebellion
The Kronstadt rebellion was one of many major unsuccessful left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War...
. Because of his facility with foreign languages (French, English and German) Anosov was sent to work in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs dealing with foreign aid agencies.
Only in the mid-1920s did he commit his interests to music, taking a position as pianist-accompanist in the Stanislavsky Opera Studio, then in 1928 in the Moscow Philharmonic, while studying music theory with Professor Andrei Fedorovich Mutli, and composition with Anatoly Nikolayevich Alexandrov
Anatoly Nikolayevich Alexandrov
Anatoly Nikolayevich Alexandrov was a Russian composer of works for piano and for other instruments, and pianist. His initial works had a mystical element, but he downplayed this to better fit Socialist realism. He led a somewhat retiring life, but received several honors.Alexandrov was the son...
, then in the opera section of the Radiokomitet.
Although not officially qualified as a conductor in 1930 he replaced the scheduled, but indisposed, conductor of Christoph Willibald Gluck
Christoph Willibald Gluck
Christoph Willibald Ritter von Gluck was an opera composer of the early classical period. After many years at the Habsburg court at Vienna, Gluck brought about the practical reform of opera's dramaturgical practices that many intellectuals had been campaigning for over the years...
's opera Orfeo ed Euridice
Orfeo ed Euridice
Orfeo ed Euridice is an opera composed by Christoph Willibald Gluck based on the myth of Orpheus, set to a libretto by Ranieri de' Calzabigi. It belongs to the genre of the azione teatrale, meaning an opera on a mythological subject with choruses and dancing...
on the radio, as a result of which Anosov was officially granted status as a conductor. From 1937-1938 was the chief conductor of the Symphony Orchestra of Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don
-History:The mouth of the Don River has been of great commercial and cultural importance since the ancient times. It was the site of the Greek colony Tanais, of the Genoese fort Tana, and of the Turkish fortress Azak...
, from 1938-1940 of the Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra
The Hajibeyov Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra was formed in 1920 being one of the first orchestras in the Soviet Union, at the request of composer Uzeyir Hajibeyov after whom it was later named...
on the invitation of Uzeyir Hajibeyov
Uzeyir Hajibeyov
Uzeyir bey Abdul Hussein oglu Hajibeyov was an Azerbaijani and Soviet composer, conductor, publicist, playwright, teacher, translator, and social figure from Azerbaijan. He is recognized as the father of Azerbaijani classical music and opera...
(1885–1948). From 1938 Anosov he taught at Baku
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
. During the Second World War 1941-1944 he was artistic director of Front-line Opera VTO, during which time also, in 1943, he graduated in composition from the Moscow Conservatory
Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory is a higher musical education institution in Moscow, and the second oldest conservatory in Russia after St. Petersburg Conservatory. Along with the St...
as an external student.
From 1944-1949 he was chief conductor of the Opera Studio of the Moscow Conservatory, where he promoted awareness of early Russian opera conducting in 1947 Yevstigney Fomin
Yevstigney Fomin
Yevstigney Ipat'yevich Fomin was a Russian opera composer of the 18th century.-Biography:...
's opera The Coachmen ("Ямщики на подставе" premiere 1787) and Dmitri Bortniansky's Le Fils-Rival, ou La Moderne Stratonice ("Сын-соперник" premiere 1787), neither of which had been heard since their premieres. In he 1951 was made a Meritorious Artist
Meritorious Artist
Meritorious Artist , also translated as Merited Artist, Deserved Artist or Distinguished Artist or Honorary Artist or Honorable Actor) is an honorary title in the Soviet Union, Russian Federation, Union republics, and Autonomous republics, also in some other Eastern bloc states, as well as in a...
of the RSFSR, published a textbook to reading symphonic music, and was appointed a professor at the Moscow Conservatory
Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory is a higher musical education institution in Moscow, and the second oldest conservatory in Russia after St. Petersburg Conservatory. Along with the St...
. Anosov continued to conduct, touring Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and other countries.
Recordings, and Archive of All-Union Radio
A complete listing of the recordings of Anosov in Russian or English has yet to be made, and the majority of his recordings lie unexplored in the Archive of All-Union Radio. He was the first performer of many works of Soviet composers and a significant number of operas.- Great Russian Conductors The Art of Nikolai Anosov Prokofiev: Symphony no 7, etc. Arlecchino ARL 113-114
- To be distinguished from Anosov Nikolai Pavlovich (1835—1890), head engineer of Amur District.