NSB Class 86
Encyclopedia
NSB Class 86 is a class of diesel-hydraulic multiple unit
s built by Strømmens Værksted
for the Norwegian State Railways
(NSB). Thirty-eight motor cars and thirty-one trailers were built between 1937 and 1954, split between six subtypes designated a through f. Class 91 was a further delivery of ten units that had a more comfortable interior and designed for regional trains. The trains had good accelearation and a maximum speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62.1 mph), which made them suitable for most unelectrified lines in Norway. As most of the network gradually became electrified
, the class became increasingly used on branch lines.
The oldest units were originally equipped with MAN and DWK prime mover
s. Later models received prime moves from Hercules. From the 1960s, all trains not retired received two Rolls-Royce
C6SFLH
engines with a power output of 158 kW each. The class was taken out of regular service in 1994 and retired in 1996. Thirteen motor units and nine trailers have been preserved by various heritage railway
s and museums in Norway and Denmark.
s. The DWK engines in the a and c-series had a power output of 138 kW each. The MAN engine in the b-series had a power output of 110 kW each, while the d-series with DWK engines had a power output of 150 hp each. Later editions were originally equipped with two Hercules DFXH-F prime movers, each with a power output of 140 kW. The class was later retrofit
ted with two Rolls-Royce C6SFLH with a power output of 158 kW. The class had a diesel-hydraulic transmission, with fluid converters originally from Atlas
. They had a weight of 30.5 tonnes (30 LT) and a maximum speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62.1 mph).
Standard seating in a Class 86 unit is for 70 people in five-abreast seating plus six people in folding seats. As the class was gradually renovated and rebuilt, a new lettering scheme was introduced, where the letter indicated the unit's seating configuration. 86F had reversible backs, 86G had adjustable seating, while 86 K, L and M had fixed seats with high backs. The G-series had only 49 regular plus six folding seats. In the 1980s, the trains remaining in service were renovated and became the M-series. These had 60 regular and six folding seats with fixed backs. Class 91 had only four-abreast seating with a capacity for 64 regular and 6 folding seats, and was made for longer journeys.
Class 91 was delivered as a series of ten motor cars (no. 1–10) and ten trailers, with four trailers delivered in 1954, the motor cars in 1955 and the last trailers in 1956. That year, NSB changed their numbering scheme, changing Class 6 to 86 and Class 11 to 91. Starting in 1962, NSB began replacing the prime movers with Rolls-Royce C6SFLH; this was done on the e-series, the f-series and no. 53, 55 and 57 through 59 in the d-series, as well as Class 91. The remaining units were retired. Other renovations and upgrades were made, resulting in new series; by the class' retirement, the designation had reached m.
The class featured good acceleration and high top speed, making it suitable for and use on nearly all of NSB's unelectrified lines. It was used both in local, regional, feeder and intercity trains. By the 1980s, Class 86 and 91 were in need of replacement. NSB described them as neither satisfying their need for economy, comfort or speed. NSB therefore ordered 15 two-car units, Class 92, from Duewag
. With the delivery of the new class, the older trains could gradually be replaced. The Arendal Line
was the last to use Class 86 trains in regular service, with Class 92 being put into traffic in 1994. The last 86 and 91 trains were retired in 1996.
Thirteen motor cars and seven trailers have been preserved of Class 86, of which two motor cars are used for parts. This includes one unit at the Norwegian Railway Museum; three motor units and one trailer at stationed at Eina Station
used on the heritage Valdres Line; two twin units stationed at Rise Station
and used on the Arendal Line
; one twin unit used on the Numedal Line and stationed at Kongsberg Station
; two motor units and one trailer used by the Norwegian Railway Club, of which one is used on the heritage Krøderen Line, and one twin unit owned by the Nordic Railway Club in Denmark. Two Class 91 units have been preserved by the Norwegian Railway Club, one on the Krøderen Line and one at Marienborg.
Multiple unit
The term multiple unit or MU is used to describe a self-propelled carriages capable of coupling with other units of the same or similar type and still being controlled from one driving cab. The term is commonly used to denote passenger trainsets consisting of more than one carriage...
s built by Strømmens Værksted
Strømmens Værksted
Strømmens Værksted A/S was an industrial company based in Skedsmo, Norway, specializing in the production of rolling stock. Founded in 1873, it remains as a part of Bombardier Transportation...
for the Norwegian State Railways
Norwegian State Railways (1883–1996)
The Norwegian State Railways was a state-owned railway company that operated most of the railway network in Norway. The government agency was created in 1883 to oversee the construction and operation of all state-owned railways in Norway...
(NSB). Thirty-eight motor cars and thirty-one trailers were built between 1937 and 1954, split between six subtypes designated a through f. Class 91 was a further delivery of ten units that had a more comfortable interior and designed for regional trains. The trains had good accelearation and a maximum speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62.1 mph), which made them suitable for most unelectrified lines in Norway. As most of the network gradually became electrified
Timeline of railway electrification in Norway
The Norwegian railway network consists of of electrified railway lines, constituting 62% of the Norwegian National Rail Administration's of line. The first three mainline systems to be electrified were private ore-hauling lines. The Thamshavn Line opened in 1909, and remained in revenue use until...
, the class became increasingly used on branch lines.
The oldest units were originally equipped with MAN and DWK prime mover
Prime mover (locomotive)
In engineering, a prime mover is an engine that converts fuel to useful work. In locomotives, the prime mover is thus the source of power for its propulsion. The term is generally used when discussing any locomotive powered by an internal combustion engine...
s. Later models received prime moves from Hercules. From the 1960s, all trains not retired received two Rolls-Royce
Rolls-Royce Limited
Rolls-Royce Limited was a renowned British car and, from 1914 on, aero-engine manufacturing company founded by Charles Stewart Rolls and Henry Royce on 15 March 1906 as the result of a partnership formed in 1904....
C6SFLH
Rolls-Royce C range engines
The Rolls-Royce C6SFL and its variants were a series of diesel engines used in small railway locomotives, construction vehicles and similar applications...
engines with a power output of 158 kW each. The class was taken out of regular service in 1994 and retired in 1996. Thirteen motor units and nine trailers have been preserved by various heritage railway
Heritage railway
thumb|right|the Historical [[Khyber train safari|Khyber Railway]] goes through the [[Khyber Pass]], [[Pakistan]]A heritage railway , preserved railway , tourist railway , or tourist railroad is a railway that is run as a tourist attraction, in some cases by volunteers, and...
s and museums in Norway and Denmark.
Specifications
The oldest units were equipped with Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg (MAN) and DWK prime moverPrime mover (locomotive)
In engineering, a prime mover is an engine that converts fuel to useful work. In locomotives, the prime mover is thus the source of power for its propulsion. The term is generally used when discussing any locomotive powered by an internal combustion engine...
s. The DWK engines in the a and c-series had a power output of 138 kW each. The MAN engine in the b-series had a power output of 110 kW each, while the d-series with DWK engines had a power output of 150 hp each. Later editions were originally equipped with two Hercules DFXH-F prime movers, each with a power output of 140 kW. The class was later retrofit
Retrofit
Retrofitting refers to the addition of new technology or features to older systems.* power plant retrofit, improving power plant efficiency / increasing output / reducing emissions...
ted with two Rolls-Royce C6SFLH with a power output of 158 kW. The class had a diesel-hydraulic transmission, with fluid converters originally from Atlas
Atlas Car and Manufacturing Company
The Atlas Car and Manufacturing Company was a manufacturer of small railroad locomotives. The company was based in Cleveland, OH, building equipment from 1896 through the 1960s....
. They had a weight of 30.5 tonnes (30 LT) and a maximum speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62.1 mph).
Standard seating in a Class 86 unit is for 70 people in five-abreast seating plus six people in folding seats. As the class was gradually renovated and rebuilt, a new lettering scheme was introduced, where the letter indicated the unit's seating configuration. 86F had reversible backs, 86G had adjustable seating, while 86 K, L and M had fixed seats with high backs. The G-series had only 49 regular plus six folding seats. In the 1980s, the trains remaining in service were renovated and became the M-series. These had 60 regular and six folding seats with fixed backs. Class 91 had only four-abreast seating with a capacity for 64 regular and 6 folding seats, and was made for longer journeys.
History
Class 86 is based on a delivery of ten aluminum carriages by Strømmen to NSB in 1936 and 1938. Following their success, NSB took delivery of a series of motor units. The first three units were delivered in 1938; one with DWK engine (no. 43) and two with engines from MAN (no. 44–45). The former was designated the a-series, the latter the b-series. A further ten units were delivered in 1940, split between the c and d-series (no. 50–53 and 54–59). Six carriages were delivered in 1943 and 1944. Because of lack of reserve parts to the DWK engines, NSB in 1948 decided to replace them with the Hercules engines, which was completed by 1953. In 1950, NSB took delivery of five e-class units (no. 60–64), which were the first to receive Hercules engines from the start. This was followed up with twenty f-series units (no. 9–28), fourteen delivered in 1953 and six in 1954. Between 1952 and 1954, NSB also took delivery of 25 trailer units.Class 91 was delivered as a series of ten motor cars (no. 1–10) and ten trailers, with four trailers delivered in 1954, the motor cars in 1955 and the last trailers in 1956. That year, NSB changed their numbering scheme, changing Class 6 to 86 and Class 11 to 91. Starting in 1962, NSB began replacing the prime movers with Rolls-Royce C6SFLH; this was done on the e-series, the f-series and no. 53, 55 and 57 through 59 in the d-series, as well as Class 91. The remaining units were retired. Other renovations and upgrades were made, resulting in new series; by the class' retirement, the designation had reached m.
The class featured good acceleration and high top speed, making it suitable for and use on nearly all of NSB's unelectrified lines. It was used both in local, regional, feeder and intercity trains. By the 1980s, Class 86 and 91 were in need of replacement. NSB described them as neither satisfying their need for economy, comfort or speed. NSB therefore ordered 15 two-car units, Class 92, from Duewag
DUEWAG
The DUEWAG AG was one of Germany's major manufacturers for rail vehicles. The business was sold in 1999 to Siemens transportation.- History :The company was founded in 1898 as Waggonfabrik Uerdingen AG in Uerdingen...
. With the delivery of the new class, the older trains could gradually be replaced. The Arendal Line
Arendal Line
The Arendal Line is a long railway line between Arendal and Simonstad in Norway. At Nelaug, north of Arendal, the line intersects with the Sørland Line. The southern section is electrified and provides a feeder passenger service. The line originally ran north from Arendal to Treungen and the...
was the last to use Class 86 trains in regular service, with Class 92 being put into traffic in 1994. The last 86 and 91 trains were retired in 1996.
Thirteen motor cars and seven trailers have been preserved of Class 86, of which two motor cars are used for parts. This includes one unit at the Norwegian Railway Museum; three motor units and one trailer at stationed at Eina Station
Eina Station
Eina Station is a railway station located in Eina in Vestre Toten, Norway. The station is located on the Gjøvik Line, in addition to being the terminus of the now abandoned Valdres Line...
used on the heritage Valdres Line; two twin units stationed at Rise Station
Rise Station
Rise Station is a railway station at Rise in Arendal, Norway. Located on the Arendal Line, it is served by the Norwegian State Railways. The station opened as the terminus of the Grimstad Line in 1907; the following year it became a transfer station to the Arendal Line. It then received a station...
and used on the Arendal Line
Arendal Line
The Arendal Line is a long railway line between Arendal and Simonstad in Norway. At Nelaug, north of Arendal, the line intersects with the Sørland Line. The southern section is electrified and provides a feeder passenger service. The line originally ran north from Arendal to Treungen and the...
; one twin unit used on the Numedal Line and stationed at Kongsberg Station
Kongsberg Station
Kongsberg Station is a railway station located in downtown Kongsberg in Buskerud, Norway, on the Sørland Line. The station is served by express trains to Kristiansand and is the terminus of the local trains from Oslo and Eidsvoll.-History:...
; two motor units and one trailer used by the Norwegian Railway Club, of which one is used on the heritage Krøderen Line, and one twin unit owned by the Nordic Railway Club in Denmark. Two Class 91 units have been preserved by the Norwegian Railway Club, one on the Krøderen Line and one at Marienborg.