Miodrag Živkovic
Encyclopedia
Miodrag "Miko" Živković (born 20 September, 1957 in Kotor
, Montenegro
, SFR Yugoslavia) is the president of the opposition Liberal Party of Montenegro
and one of its representatives in the Parliament of Montenegro
.
Born to father Đorđije (teacher) and mother Vojislava (homemaker), Živković finished primary and secondary school in Kotor. In 1976 he enrolled at the University of Belgrade
's Law School
, but graduated at the Veljko Vlahović University in Titograd in 1981.
in 1982. The same year he was accepted as a judge of Kotor's Basic Court, a post which he held for 8 years continually, in parallel with State Court official for a short time, until he left the state institutions in 1990, disappointed in the state's ideological policies under Momir Bulatović
, Milo Đukanović and Svetozar Marović
of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
that favored authoritarianism and Serbian nationalism.
in 1991, starting his political career as delegate of LSCG to the municipal board in Kotor. In 1994 he was elected President of LSCG's municipal board in Kotor and greatly contributed to the Liberals' popularity and strength in Kotor's municipality. After May 1998 at which LSCG was considerably weakened and when the improvised pro-democratic bloc of Milo Đukanović won, he stood up as the Liberals' leader, breaking away from the somewhat nationalist tendencies of his predecessors. At the LSCG conference in late January 1999 in Igalo
, Živković was elected as the party's new leader, replacing Slavko Perović
who handed in his resignation.
Repairing LSCG's position in 2001, Živković cooperated with the pro-Serbian Together for Change
opposition political alliance but due to ideological difference mainly centered in his support of an independent Montenegro, he supported a minority DPS-SDP government of Filip Vujanović
. In 2002 he opposed the Belgrade Agreement which formed the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro fully reintegrating Montenegro into a common state with Serbia, bringing down the government with the rest of the opposition. However his position was considerably weakened at the same year's parliamentary elections, when Milo Đukanović managed to form a government alone.
. He ran at the repeated 2003 presidential election on 11 May attaining second place with 68,133 votes or 31.4% of those who voted and lost to DPS candidate Filip Vujanović
. On 31 October 2004 LPCG held a Constitutional Assembly on which he was elected Party's president and the Liberal Alliance subsequently officially dissolving as a political party. At the 2006 independence referendum
he joined Milo Djukanovic's Bloc for an independent Montenegro and served as one of its key leaders, bringing it to a victory. He led LP CG into a coalition with the Bosniac Party
that ran together at the same year's subsequent constitutional parliamentary election
, managing to pass the census.
For the successes, he was reelected Party President on 25 November 2006.
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
, Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
, SFR Yugoslavia) is the president of the opposition Liberal Party of Montenegro
Liberal Party of Montenegro
The Liberal Party of Montenegro is a centre-left liberal political party in Montenegro. The party advocated liberalism and the bringing down of Milo Đukanović's rule, seeing it as authoritarian and undemocratic...
and one of its representatives in the Parliament of Montenegro
Parliament of Montenegro
The Parliament of Montenegro is the unicameral legislature of Montenegro. The Parliament currently has 81 members, each elected for a four-year term. The current Speaker of the Parliament is Ranko Krivokapić, while the deputy speakers are Željko Šturanović and Rifat Rastoder...
.
Born to father Đorđije (teacher) and mother Vojislava (homemaker), Živković finished primary and secondary school in Kotor. In 1976 he enrolled at the University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade is the oldest and largest university of Serbia.Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments into a single university...
's Law School
University of Belgrade Faculty of Law
The University of Belgrade Faculty of Law , also known as the Belgrade Law School, is one of the first-tier educational institutions of the University of Belgrade, Serbia...
, but graduated at the Veljko Vlahović University in Titograd in 1981.
Political career
He finished the judicial exam in BelgradeBelgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
in 1982. The same year he was accepted as a judge of Kotor's Basic Court, a post which he held for 8 years continually, in parallel with State Court official for a short time, until he left the state institutions in 1990, disappointed in the state's ideological policies under Momir Bulatović
Momir Bulatovic
Momir Bulatović , formerly served as a Yugoslavian and Montenegrin politician. Bulatović became federal President of Montenegro while Montenegro was part of a Yugoslav federation, and also Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
, Milo Đukanović and Svetozar Marović
Svetozar Marovic
Svetozar Marović ; born March 31, 1955) is a lawyer and a Montenegrin politician. He was the only president of Serbia and Montenegro...
of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is the ruling social-democratic political party in Montenegro....
that favored authoritarianism and Serbian nationalism.
LSCG
He opened the same year a private business as a lawyer and actively worked in the liberal movement that that formed itself as the Liberal Alliance of MontenegroLiberal Alliance of Montenegro
The Liberal Alliance of Montenegro was a liberal political party in Montenegro. The party used to be a member of Liberal International....
in 1991, starting his political career as delegate of LSCG to the municipal board in Kotor. In 1994 he was elected President of LSCG's municipal board in Kotor and greatly contributed to the Liberals' popularity and strength in Kotor's municipality. After May 1998 at which LSCG was considerably weakened and when the improvised pro-democratic bloc of Milo Đukanović won, he stood up as the Liberals' leader, breaking away from the somewhat nationalist tendencies of his predecessors. At the LSCG conference in late January 1999 in Igalo
Igalo
Igalo is a town next to Herceg-Novi which is accessible via the E65/E80 North headed to Dubrovnik, Croatia. According to the 2003 Census, it has a population of 3,754...
, Živković was elected as the party's new leader, replacing Slavko Perović
Slavko Perovic
Slavko Perović , born on 2 August 1954, is a Montenegrin politician. He is best known as a co-founder and former leader of Liberal Alliance of Montenegro , former party that was fighting for independence of Montenegro and promoting liberalism in Montenegro throughout the 1990s and early...
who handed in his resignation.
Repairing LSCG's position in 2001, Živković cooperated with the pro-Serbian Together for Change
Together for Change
Together for Change was a political alliance in Montenegro that existed from 2001 to 2006, originally known as Together for Yugoslavia . It based itself upon the necessity for a united Yugoslav state with Serbia. Predrag Bulatović was its wingleader...
opposition political alliance but due to ideological difference mainly centered in his support of an independent Montenegro, he supported a minority DPS-SDP government of Filip Vujanović
Filip Vujanovic
Filip Vujanović is a Montenegrin politician who, since 2003, has served as the President of Montenegro. He is the first President of Montenegro since it split ties with Serbia and became an independent nation in June 2006...
. In 2002 he opposed the Belgrade Agreement which formed the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro fully reintegrating Montenegro into a common state with Serbia, bringing down the government with the rest of the opposition. However his position was considerably weakened at the same year's parliamentary elections, when Milo Đukanović managed to form a government alone.
LPCG
After in vain attempting to recuperate LSCG's losses, he was excluded from the Alliance and joined a fraction known as the Liberal Party of MontenegroLiberal Party of Montenegro
The Liberal Party of Montenegro is a centre-left liberal political party in Montenegro. The party advocated liberalism and the bringing down of Milo Đukanović's rule, seeing it as authoritarian and undemocratic...
. He ran at the repeated 2003 presidential election on 11 May attaining second place with 68,133 votes or 31.4% of those who voted and lost to DPS candidate Filip Vujanović
Filip Vujanovic
Filip Vujanović is a Montenegrin politician who, since 2003, has served as the President of Montenegro. He is the first President of Montenegro since it split ties with Serbia and became an independent nation in June 2006...
. On 31 October 2004 LPCG held a Constitutional Assembly on which he was elected Party's president and the Liberal Alliance subsequently officially dissolving as a political party. At the 2006 independence referendum
Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006
The Montenegrin independence referendum was a referendum on the independence of the Republic of Montenegro from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro that was held on 21 May 2006.The total turnout of the referendum was 86.5%...
he joined Milo Djukanovic's Bloc for an independent Montenegro and served as one of its key leaders, bringing it to a victory. He led LP CG into a coalition with the Bosniac Party
Bosniak Party of Montenegro
The Bosniak Party is a Bosniak minority political party in Montenegro....
that ran together at the same year's subsequent constitutional parliamentary election
Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2006
The election for the Constitutional Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro in the newly independent Republic of Montenegro took place on September 10, 2006, with Prime Minister Milo Đukanović claiming absolute victory for his centre-left, pro-European Union party the next day...
, managing to pass the census.
For the successes, he was reelected Party President on 25 November 2006.
External links
- Biography at the Liberal Party of Montenegro website (Montenegrin)