Manuel de Pando, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores
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Don
Manuel de Pando y Fernández de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Grandee of Spain and 4th Count of la Ventosa (22 December 1792 – 20 February 1872) was a Spanish noble
and politician
, who served two times as Prime Minister of Spain
and held other important political office such as Minister of State and President of the Senate
.
. After studying agriculture and industry, he took part in the Dos de Mayo Uprising
during the War of Spanish Independence. Later he had to flee, together with his family, to Cádiz
. After the accession to the throne of Ferdinand VII of Spain, the latter's uncle, Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain
asked Pando advice for the writing of the Memorial of Miraflores, which aimed to solve the situation after the end of the French domination in Spain.
In 1820, as part of the National Militia
, he took part to several actions under general Rafael Riego; he abandoned the field two years later, however, and was able to escape the persecutions of the so-called Década Ominosa (1823–1833).
Pando reappeared in the public life in 1832, siding for regent Maria Cristina of Spain and the future Elizabeth II. In 1834 he was named Spanish plenipotentiary at London
. As a diplomat, he had a role in the signing of the alliance between Spain, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom. He subsequently returned to Spain where he held several position, until forced to flee to France in the wake of the Revolt of La Granja de San Ildefonso. Returned home, Pardo took part in the declaration of the constitution and in the Convention of Vergara
which substantially put an end to the First Carlist War
.
On 12 February 1846 he became Minister of State. His moderately progressive program, favouring a return to morality and a general conciliation, was however thwarted by the opposition of his predecessor, general Ramón María Narváez and by the immoral behaviour of regent Maria Cristina. Pardo resigned on 16 March, being replaced by Narváez himself. From 1845 to 1862 he was president of the Spanish Senate
. After the marriage of queen Elizabeth II with Francis, Duke of Cádiz, Pardo became Governor of the Royal Palace, and worked to reform its administration.
During the presidency of Juan Bravo Murillo
, Pardo was Minister of State (minister of Foreign Affairs, 1851–1852). In this role, obtained the help of France and Britain in the defence of Cuba
. In 1853 Elizabeth called him against as Prime Minister, a position he held until 1864; afterwards he was again President of the Senate from 1866 to 1867.
He died at Madrid in 1872.
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Don (honorific)
Don, from Latin dominus, is an honorific in Spanish , Portuguese , and Italian . The female equivalent is Doña , Dona , and Donna , abbreviated "Dª" or simply "D."-Usage:...
Manuel de Pando y Fernández de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Grandee of Spain and 4th Count of la Ventosa (22 December 1792 – 20 February 1872) was a Spanish noble
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
and politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, who served two times as Prime Minister of Spain
Prime Minister of Spain
The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
and held other important political office such as Minister of State and President of the Senate
Spanish Senate
The Senate of Spain is the upper house of Spain's parliament, the . It is made up of 264 members: 208 elected by popular vote, and 56 appointed by the regional legislatures. All senators serve four-year terms, though regional legislatures may recall their appointees at any time.The last election...
.
Biography
Pando was born MadridMadrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
. After studying agriculture and industry, he took part in the Dos de Mayo Uprising
Dos de Mayo Uprising
On the second of May , 1808, the people of Madrid rebelled against the occupation of the city by French troops, provoking a brutal repression by the French Imperial forces and triggering the Peninsular War.-Background:...
during the War of Spanish Independence. Later he had to flee, together with his family, to Cádiz
Cádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
. After the accession to the throne of Ferdinand VII of Spain, the latter's uncle, Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain
Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain
200px|thumb|Infante Antonio Pascual, painted by [[Francisco de Goya|Goya]].Antonio Pascual de Borbón y Wettin was an infante of Spain, son of King Charles III of Spain and younger brother of King Charles IV of Spain and Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.-Biography:Born Antonio Pascual Francisco...
asked Pando advice for the writing of the Memorial of Miraflores, which aimed to solve the situation after the end of the French domination in Spain.
In 1820, as part of the National Militia
National Militia (Spain)
The National Militia in Spain was a citizen-organized quasi-military force comparable to the National Guard that arose in France during the French Revolution....
, he took part to several actions under general Rafael Riego; he abandoned the field two years later, however, and was able to escape the persecutions of the so-called Década Ominosa (1823–1833).
Pando reappeared in the public life in 1832, siding for regent Maria Cristina of Spain and the future Elizabeth II. In 1834 he was named Spanish plenipotentiary at London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. As a diplomat, he had a role in the signing of the alliance between Spain, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom. He subsequently returned to Spain where he held several position, until forced to flee to France in the wake of the Revolt of La Granja de San Ildefonso. Returned home, Pardo took part in the declaration of the constitution and in the Convention of Vergara
Convention of Vergara
The Convention of Vergara was a treaty successfully ending the major fighting in Spain's First Carlist War. The treaty—also known by many other names including the Embrace of Vergara was signed by Baldomero Espartero for the Isabelines and Rafael Maroto for the Carlists.The two generals met at...
which substantially put an end to the First Carlist War
First Carlist War
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833-1839.-Historical background:At the beginning of the 18th century, Philip V, the first Bourbon king of Spain, promulgated the Salic Law, which declared illegal the inheritance of the Spanish crown by women...
.
On 12 February 1846 he became Minister of State. His moderately progressive program, favouring a return to morality and a general conciliation, was however thwarted by the opposition of his predecessor, general Ramón María Narváez and by the immoral behaviour of regent Maria Cristina. Pardo resigned on 16 March, being replaced by Narváez himself. From 1845 to 1862 he was president of the Spanish Senate
Spanish Senate
The Senate of Spain is the upper house of Spain's parliament, the . It is made up of 264 members: 208 elected by popular vote, and 56 appointed by the regional legislatures. All senators serve four-year terms, though regional legislatures may recall their appointees at any time.The last election...
. After the marriage of queen Elizabeth II with Francis, Duke of Cádiz, Pardo became Governor of the Royal Palace, and worked to reform its administration.
During the presidency of Juan Bravo Murillo
Juan Bravo Murillo
Juan Bravo Murillo was a Spanish politician, jurist and economist. He was president of the council of ministers of Spain from 14 January 1851 to 14 December 1852 during the reign of Isabella II.-Origins:Bravo Murillo was born in Fregenal de la Sierra on 24...
, Pardo was Minister of State (minister of Foreign Affairs, 1851–1852). In this role, obtained the help of France and Britain in the defence of Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
. In 1853 Elizabeth called him against as Prime Minister, a position he held until 1864; afterwards he was again President of the Senate from 1866 to 1867.
He died at Madrid in 1872.
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