Makhshava
Encyclopedia
Makhshava is a Hebrew
word commonly translated as "thought." Dr. Hugh Nibley
, however, maintained that "plan" is a better translation. Biblical passages in which makhshava "definitely should be" translated as "plan" (emphasis in the original) include, according to Dr. Nibley:
In addition, according to Dr. Nibley, makhshava can be rendered "plan" in:
Nibley's student Benjamin Urrutia
maintains that this translation is also necessary in the Book of Esther
, in which the usual translations read that Haman
"thought" to destroy the Jewish people. But he did not just think about it; he made a plan. The correct translation is: "Haman planned to destroy the Jews."
In the Hebrew Bible
, the concept "he thought" is expressed as amar belibo - literally "he said in his heart."
Hebrew language
Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Culturally, is it considered by Jews and other religious groups as the language of the Jewish people, though other Jewish languages had originated among diaspora Jews, and the Hebrew language is also used by non-Jewish groups, such...
word commonly translated as "thought." Dr. Hugh Nibley
Hugh Nibley
Hugh Winder Nibley was an American author, Mormon apologist, and professor at Brigham Young University...
, however, maintained that "plan" is a better translation. Biblical passages in which makhshava "definitely should be" translated as "plan" (emphasis in the original) include, according to Dr. Nibley:
- JeremiahJeremiahJeremiah Hebrew：יִרְמְיָה , Modern Hebrew:Yirməyāhū, IPA: jirməˈjaːhu, Tiberian:Yirmĭyahu, Greek:Ἰερεμίας), meaning "Yahweh exalts", or called the "Weeping prophet" was one of the main prophets of the Hebrew Bible...
29:11 - Jeremiah 51:29
- PsalmsPsalmsThe Book of Psalms , commonly referred to simply as Psalms, is a book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Bible...
33:11 - Book of ProverbsBook of ProverbsThe Book of Proverbs , commonly referred to simply as Proverbs, is a book of the Hebrew Bible.The original Hebrew title of the book of Proverbs is "Míshlê Shlomoh" . When translated into Greek and Latin, the title took on different forms. In the Greek Septuagint the title became "paroimai paroimiae"...
19:21 - Proverbs 20:18
- 2 Samuel 14:14
- MicahMicahMicah is a given name.Micah is the name of several people in the Hebrew Bible , and means "who is like God?". The name is sometimes found with theophoric extensions...
4:12
In addition, according to Dr. Nibley, makhshava can be rendered "plan" in:
- IsaiahIsaiahIsaiah ; Greek: ', Ēsaïās ; "Yahu is salvation") was a prophet in the 8th-century BC Kingdom of Judah.Jews and Christians consider the Book of Isaiah a part of their Biblical canon; he is the first listed of the neviim akharonim, the later prophets. Many of the New Testament teachings of Jesus...
55:8,9; 59:7; 65:2; 66:18. - Jeremiah 6:19; 11:19;18:12,18; 29:11; 49:20,30; 50:4-5.
Nibley's student Benjamin Urrutia
Benjamín Urrutia
Benjamin Urrutia is an author and scholar. With Guy Davenport, Urrutia edited The Logia of Yeshua, which collected what Urrutia and Davenport consider to be Jesus' authentic sayings from a variety of canonical and non-canonical sources...
maintains that this translation is also necessary in the Book of Esther
Book of Esther
The Book of Esther is a book in the Ketuvim , the third section of the Jewish Tanakh and is part of the Christian Old Testament. The Book of Esther or the Megillah is the basis for the Jewish celebration of Purim...
, in which the usual translations read that Haman
Haman
Haman can be a surname which is a corruption of the German Hamann. It is also a biblical surname as described below. It also refers to:*Haman , appears in the Book of Esther and is the main antagonist in the Jewish holiday of Purim....
"thought" to destroy the Jewish people. But he did not just think about it; he made a plan. The correct translation is: "Haman planned to destroy the Jews."
In the Hebrew Bible
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible is a term used by biblical scholars outside of Judaism to refer to the Tanakh , a canonical collection of Jewish texts, and the common textual antecedent of the several canonical editions of the Christian Old Testament...
, the concept "he thought" is expressed as amar belibo - literally "he said in his heart."