List of Christopher Wren churches in London
Encyclopedia

Churches built in the City of London

88 parish churches were burned during the Great Fire of London
Great Fire of London
The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London, from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666. The fire gutted the medieval City of London inside the old Roman City Wall...

 in 1666. The office of Christopher Wren
Christopher Wren
Sir Christopher Wren FRS is one of the most highly acclaimed English architects in history.He used to be accorded responsibility for rebuilding 51 churches in the City of London after the Great Fire in 1666, including his masterpiece, St. Paul's Cathedral, on Ludgate Hill, completed in 1710...

 rebuilt 51 parish churches and St Paul's Cathedral
St Paul's Cathedral
St Paul's Cathedral, London, is a Church of England cathedral and seat of the Bishop of London. Its dedication to Paul the Apostle dates back to the original church on this site, founded in AD 604. St Paul's sits at the top of Ludgate Hill, the highest point in the City of London, and is the mother...

. Many of these churches were demolished as the population of the City of London
City of London
The City of London is a small area within Greater London, England. It is the historic core of London around which the modern conurbation grew and has held city status since time immemorial. The City’s boundaries have remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages, and it is now only a tiny part of...

 declined in the 19th century and more were damaged during the Blitz.

Survived largely as built

  • St Benet Paul's Wharf
    St Benet Paul's Wharf
    The Church of St Benet Paul's Wharf is the Welsh church of the City of London. Since 1555, it has also been the church of the College of Arms, and many officers of arms are buried there. The current church was designed by Sir Christopher Wren.-History:...

  • St Clement Eastcheap
    St Clement Eastcheap
    St. Clement Eastcheap is a Church of England parish church in Candlewick Ward of the City of London. It is located on Clement's Lane, off King William Street, and close to London Bridge and the River Thames....

  • St James Garlickhythe
    St James Garlickhythe
    St. James Garlickhythe is a Church of England parish church in Vintry ward of the City of London, nicknamed ‘Wren’s lantern’ owing to its profusion of windows. Recorded since the 12th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666 and rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher...

  • St Margaret Lothbury
    St Margaret Lothbury
    St. Margaret Lothbury is a Church of England parish church in the City of London; it spans the boundary between Coleman Street Ward and Broad Street Ward. Recorded since the 12th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666 and rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher Wren....

  • St Margaret Pattens
    St Margaret Pattens
    St Margaret Pattens is a Church of England church in the City of London, located on Eastcheap near the Monument. The dedication is to St. Margaret of Antioch.-History:...

  • St Martin, Ludgate
    St Martin, Ludgate
    St Martin, Ludgate is an Anglican church on Ludgate Hill in the ward of Farringdon, in the City of London. St Martin Ludgate, also called St Martin within Ludgate, was rebuilt in 1677-84 by Sir Christopher Wren.-History:...

  • St Mary Abchurch
    St Mary Abchurch
    St Mary Abchurch is a Church of England church on Cannon Street in the City of London. Dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, it is first mentioned in 1198-99.-History:The church dates back to the twelfth century...

  • St Mary Aldermary
    St Mary Aldermary
    Ashlar-faced outside and Gothic throughout, St Mary Aldermary is an Anglican church in Bow Lane in the City of London. The church was badly damaged in the Great Fire of London in 1666, and rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren.-History:...

  • St Michael, Cornhill
    St Michael, Cornhill
    St Michael, Cornhill is a medieval parish church in the City of London with pre-Norman Conquest parochial foundation. The medieval structure was lost in the Great Fire of London and the current church was designed by Sir Christopher Wren between 1670-1677....

  • St Paul's Cathedral
    St Paul's Cathedral
    St Paul's Cathedral, London, is a Church of England cathedral and seat of the Bishop of London. Its dedication to Paul the Apostle dates back to the original church on this site, founded in AD 604. St Paul's sits at the top of Ludgate Hill, the highest point in the City of London, and is the mother...

  • St Peter upon Cornhill
    St Peter upon Cornhill
    St Peter upon Cornhill is an Anglican church in the City of London, located on the corner of Cornhill and Gracechurch Street. It is currently a satellite church in the parish of St Helen's Bishopsgate, and is used for staff training, bible studies and a youth club.The church was used by the Tank...

  • St Stephen Walbrook
    St Stephen Walbrook
    St Stephen, Walbrook is a small church in the City of London, part of the Church of England's Diocese of London. It is located in Walbrook, next to the Mansion House, and near to Bank and Monument Underground stations.-History:In the second century A.D...


Survived but substantially altered before the Blitz

  • St Magnus-the-Martyr
    St Magnus-the-Martyr
    St Magnus the Martyr, London Bridge is a Church of England church and parish in the City of London, located in Lower Thames Street near The Monument and the modern London Bridge. It is a part of the Diocese of London and under the pastoral care of the Bishop of London. By arrangement with the...

    ; altered after London Bridge
    London Bridge
    London Bridge is a bridge over the River Thames, connecting the City of London and Southwark, in central London. Situated between Cannon Street Railway Bridge and Tower Bridge, it forms the western end of the Pool of London...

     was widened in 1762.

Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz to match original

The Blitz
The Blitz
The Blitz was the sustained strategic bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941, during the Second World War. The city of London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 76 consecutive nights and many towns and cities across the country followed...

 in 1940-1941 damaged nearly all the City of London Wren churches and many were nearly destroyed leaving just the outer walls and tower. However most of them were rebuilt to Wren's original design.
  • St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe
    St. Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe
    St. Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe is a Church of England church located on Queen Victoria Street, London in the City of London, near Blackfriars station.-History:...

    ; rebuilt and rededicated in 1961
  • St Andrew, Holborn
    St Andrew, Holborn
    St Andrew, Holborn is a Church of England church on the northwestern edge of the City of London, on Holborn within the Ward of Farringdon Without.-Roman and medieval:Roman pottery was found on the site during 2001/02 excavations in the crypt...

    ; re-opened in 1961
  • St Anne and St Agnes
    St Anne and St Agnes
    St Anne and St Agnes is a church located at Gresham Street in the City of London, near the Barbican. While St Anne's is an Anglican foundation, it has been let since 1966 to a congregation of the Lutheran Church in Great Britain.-History:...

    ; rededicated in 1966
  • St Bride's Church
    St Bride's Church
    St Bride's Church is a church in the City of London, England. The building's most recent incarnation was designed by Sir Christopher Wren in 1672 on Fleet Street in the City of London, though Wren's original building was largely gutted by fire during the London Blitz in 1940. Due to its location on...

    ; rededicated in 1957
  • St Lawrence Jewry
    St Lawrence Jewry
    St Lawrence Jewry is a Church of England guild church in the City of London on Gresham Street, next to the Guildhall.-History:The church was originally built in the twelfth century and dedicated to St Lawrence The church is near the former medieval Jewish ghetto, which was centred...

    ; restored in 1957
  • St Mary-le-Bow
    St Mary-le-Bow
    St Mary-le-Bow is an historic church in the City of London, off Cheapside. According to tradition, a true Cockney must be born within earshot of the sound of the church's bells.-Bells:...

    ; reconsecrated in 1964
  • St Michael Paternoster Royal; restored in 1966–8
  • St Nicholas Cole Abbey; reconsecrated in 1962
  • St Vedast Foster Lane
    St Vedast Foster Lane
    Saint Vedast-alias-Foster, a church in Foster Lane, in the City of London, is dedicated to Vedast , a French saint whose cult came to England through contacts with Augustinian clergy.-History:...

    ; restored by 1962

Damaged after World War II and rebuilt

  • St Mary-at-Hill
    St Mary-at-Hill
    St. Mary-at-Hill is a Church of England church on Lovat Lane, a cobbled street off Eastcheap in the ward of Billingsgate, London, England. Rebuilt many times, St Mary-at-Hill was originally founded in the 12th Century, where it was first known as "St. Mary de Hull" or " St...

    ; badly damaged by a fire in 1988 and rebuilt

Re-ordered for new use

  • St Edmund, King and Martyr; from 2001 the London Centre for Spirituality

Tower remaining

These churches have only the tower remaining with perhaps a little outer wall. They are no longer churches.
  • Christ Church Greyfriars
    Christ Church Greyfriars
    Christ Church Greyfriars, also known as Christ Church Newgate, was an Anglican church located on Newgate Street, opposite St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. Built first in the gothic style, then in the English Baroque style by Sir Christopher Wren, it ranked among the City's most notable...

    ; destroyed in the Blitz. Ruins are a public garden, tower a multi-storey private house
  • St Alban, Wood Street
    St Alban, Wood Street
    St Alban's was a church in Wood Street, City of London. It was dedicated to Saint Alban. Only its tower now remains.-History:Some argue that it dated back to King Offa of Mercia, who is believed to have had a palace on the site which included a chapel...

    ; destroyed in the Blitz. Tower is private dwelling
  • St Augustine Watling Street
    St Augustine Watling Street
    St Augustine, Watling Street was an Anglican church formerly located just to the east of St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. It was destroyed in the Second World War but its remains now form part of St Paul's Cathedral Choir School.- History :...

    ; destroyed in the Blitz. Tower part of St Paul's Cathedral Choir School
    St Paul's Cathedral School
    St. Paul's Cathedral School is a school associated with St Paul's Cathedral in London and is located in New Change in the City of London.The School has around 220 pupils, most of whom are day pupils, both boys and girls, including up to 40 boy choristers who are all boarders and who singing the...

  • St Dunstan-in-the-East
    St Dunstan-in-the-East
    St Dunstan-in-the-East was a Church of England parish church on St Dunstan's Hill, half way between London Bridge and the Tower of London in the City of London. The church was largely destroyed in the Second World War and the ruins are now a public garden....

    ; destroyed in the Blitz. Ruins are a public garden
  • St Mary Somerset; body of the church demolished in 1871. Tower surrounded by small garden
  • St Olave Old Jewry; body of the church was demolished in 1887. Remains including tower now an office building

Moved

  • All Hallows Lombard Street
    All Hallows Lombard Street
    Coordinates: All Hallows Lombard Street was a City church in Langbourn Ward on the corner of Lombard Street and Gracechurch Street, London. Its tower, bells and complete interior fittings are now part of All Hallows Twickenham.-History:...

    ; found to be unsafe and demolished in 1937, with the tower and interior fittings moved to All Hallows Twickenham
    All Hallows Twickenham
    All Hallows Twickenham is a grade I listed church and parish of the Church of England in Twickenham, London. It is located prominently on Chertsey Road , a major road artery of West London, near Twickenham Stadium....

    .
  • St Mary Aldermanbury
    St Mary Aldermanbury
    St Mary Aldermanbury church in the City of London, is first mentioned in 1181 but was destroyed by the Great fire of London in 1666. Rebuilt in Portland stone by Sir Christopher Wren, it was again gutted by the Blitz in 1940, leaving only the walls...

    ; the stones were transported to Fulton, Missouri
    Fulton, Missouri
    Fulton is a city in Callaway County, Missouri, the United States of America. It is part of the Jefferson City, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 12,790 in the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Callaway County...

     and rebuilt in the grounds of Westminster College, Missouri as a memorial to Sir Winston Churchill
    Winston Churchill
    Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...

    .

Demolished due to the Union of Benefices Act (chronological order)

The population of the City of London declined in the 19th century, and the Union of Benefices Act 1860
Union of Benefices Act 1860
The Union of Benefices Act was a necessary piece of legislation to reduce the number of parish churches in the City of London as the residential population declined in the second half of the 19th century.Churches affected were...

 reduced the number of parish churches. The surplus churches were demolished.
  • St Benet Gracechurch; demolished in 1868
  • St Mildred, Poultry
    St Mildred, Poultry
    St Mildred, Poultry was a parish church in the Cheap ward, of the City of London. It was rebuilt after the Great Fire of London and demolished in 1872.-History:...

    ; demolished in 1872
  • St Antholin, Budge Row
    St Antholin, Budge Row
    St Antholin, Budge Row, or St Antholin, Watling Street, was a former church in the City of London, demolished in 1874. Its successor church is still in existence as St Anthony and St Silas, Nunhead..-History:...

    ; demolished in 1874
  • St Michael Queenhithe; demolished in 1876
  • All Hallows Bread Street
    All Hallows Bread Street
    All Hallows Bread Street was a church in the Bread Street ward of the City of London on the south side of Watling Street. First mentioned in the 13th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666...

    ; demolished in 1878
  • St Dionis Backchurch
    St Dionis Backchurch
    St Dionis Backchurch was a parish church in the Langbourn ward of the City of London.-History:The church of St Dionis was dedicated to Dionysus the Areopagite, a follower of St Paul, said to have converted the French to Christianity. He became the patron saint of France, where he is known as St Denis...

    ; demolished in 1878
  • St Matthew Friday Street; demolished in 1885
  • St Mary Magdalen Old Fish Street; roof damaged by a fire in 1886 and demolished in 1893
  • All-Hallows-the-Great
    All-Hallows-the-Great
    All-Hallows-the-Great was a church in the City of London, located on what is now Upper Thames Street, first mentioned in 1235. Destroyed in the Great Fire of London of 1666, the church was rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher Wren...

    ; demolished in 1894
  • St Michael Wood Street
    St Michael Wood Street
    Described by Stow as a “proper thing” St Michael’s Wood Street in Cripplegate Ward was the hurried burial site for the head of King James IV of Scotland...

    ; demolished in 1897

Demolished for other reasons (chronological order)

  • St Christopher le Stocks
    St Christopher le Stocks
    St Christopher le Stocks was an parish church, situated on the south side of Threadneedle Street in Broad Street Wardof the City of London.-History:The earliest reference to the church is in 1282...

    ; demolished in 1781 to provide space for the extension of the Bank of England
    Bank of England
    The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694, it is the second oldest central bank in the world...

  • St Michael, Crooked Lane
    St. Michael, Crooked Lane
    Coordinates: St Michael, Crooked Lane was an “antient” parish church situated on the east side of Miles' Lane, Great Eastcheap in Candlewick Ward in the City of London. It was rebuilt after the Great Fire of London by Sir Christopher Wren and demolished in 1831.-History:The church was in existence...

    ; demolished in 1831 because wider approaches were needed for the rebuilt London Bridge
  • St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange
    St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange
    St. Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange was a church in the City of London located on Bartholomew Lane, off Threadneedle Street. Recorded since the 13th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, then rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher Wren. The rebuilt church was demolished in...

    ; demolished in 1840 so that Threadneedle Street
    Threadneedle Street
    Threadneedle Street is a street in the City of London, leading from a junction with Poultry, Cornhill, King William Street and Lombard Street, to Bishopsgate....

     could be widened
  • St Benet Fink; demolished between 1841 and 1846 to improve the site of the Royal Exchange
  • St Michael Bassishaw; judged unsafe in 1892 and demolished in 1900
  • St George Botolph Lane; demolished in 1904 as the building had been condemned as structurally unsafe
  • St Mildred, Bread Street
    St Mildred, Bread Street
    St Mildred Bread Street was a church in Bread Street Ward of the City of London dedicated to the 7th century Saint Mildred the Virgin, daughter of Merewald, sub-king of the West Mercians and one of the few to retain Wren's original fittings into the 20th Century.The earliest record of the church...

    ; destroyed in the Blitz and not rebuilt
  • St Stephen Coleman Street; destroyed in the Blitz and not rebuilt
  • St Swithin, London Stone
    St Swithin, London Stone
    St Swithin, London Stone was an Anglican Church situated in Cannon Street, City of London. The church gave its name to St Swithin's Lane which runs north from Cannon Street to King William Street....

    ; destroyed in the Blitz and not rebuilt

Interior refurbished by Christopher Wren

  • Temple Church
    Temple Church
    The Temple Church is a late-12th-century church in London located between Fleet Street and the River Thames, built for and by the Knights Templar as their English headquarters. In modern times, two Inns of Court both use the church. It is famous for its effigy tombs and for being a round church...

    ; interior destroyed in The Blitz
    The Blitz
    The Blitz was the sustained strategic bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941, during the Second World War. The city of London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 76 consecutive nights and many towns and cities across the country followed...

    . During restoration, it was discovered that renovations made by Wren in the 17th century were in storage and they were replaced in their original position.

Churches built in Greater London, but outside the City of London

These churches were outside the area of the Great Fire of London
Great Fire of London
The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London, from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666. The fire gutted the medieval City of London inside the old Roman City Wall...

. The first three were badly damaged in the Blitz and rebuilt after.
  • St Anne's Church, Soho; built by Wren (or more likely William Talman) as a new church. Partly restored in 1979; the tower was fully restored by 1991 after the Blitz, and a new church centre designed by Westwood Piet Poole & Smart Architects.
  • St Clement Danes
    St Clement Danes
    St Clement Danes is a church in the City of Westminster, London. It is situated outside the Royal Courts of Justice on the Strand. The current building was completed in 1682 by Sir Christopher Wren and it now functions as the central church of the Royal Air Force.The church is sometimes claimed to...

    ; derelict in Wren's time, so he rebuilt it. Reconsecrated in 1958 after the Blitz.
  • St James's Church, Piccadilly
    St James's Church, Piccadilly
    St James’s Church, Piccadilly is an Anglican church on Piccadilly in the centre of London, UK. It was designed and built by Sir Christopher Wren....

     in Westminster; built by Wren as a new church. Rededicated in 1954 after the Blitz.
  • Chapel of the Royal Hospital Chelsea
    Royal Hospital Chelsea
    The Royal Hospital Chelsea is a retirement home and nursing home for British soldiers who are unfit for further duty due to injury or old age, located in the Chelsea region of central London, now the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. It is a true hospital in the original sense of the word,...

    , completed in 1687 (Wren designed the rest of the Hospital, as well).

See also

  • Christopher Wren
    Christopher Wren
    Sir Christopher Wren FRS is one of the most highly acclaimed English architects in history.He used to be accorded responsibility for rebuilding 51 churches in the City of London after the Great Fire in 1666, including his masterpiece, St. Paul's Cathedral, on Ludgate Hill, completed in 1710...

  • List of churches rebuilt after the Great Fire but since demolished
  • Great Fire of London
    Great Fire of London
    The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London, from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666. The fire gutted the medieval City of London inside the old Roman City Wall...

  • Union of Benefices Act 1860
    Union of Benefices Act 1860
    The Union of Benefices Act was a necessary piece of legislation to reduce the number of parish churches in the City of London as the residential population declined in the second half of the 19th century.Churches affected were...

  • The Blitz
    The Blitz
    The Blitz was the sustained strategic bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941, during the Second World War. The city of London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 76 consecutive nights and many towns and cities across the country followed...


External links

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