Julien Noël Costantin
Encyclopedia
Julien Noël Costantin was a French botanist and mycologist who was a native of Paris
.
He studied at École Normale Supérieure
de la rue d'Ulm. In 1881 he received his license in natural history
and two years later earned his doctorate. In 1883 he was appointed adjunct professor at Bordeaux
, and through influence from Philippe Van Tieghem
(1839-1914), became an assistant naturalist
at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
shortly afterwards.
In 1887 Costantin became a lecturer of botany at Ecole Normale Superieure. Several years later he succeeded Marie Maxime Cornu
(1843-1901) as chair of horticulture
at the museum of natural history, and also taught classes at the National School of Horticulture
in Versailles
and at the École supérieure coloniale de Nogent-sur-Marne
. In 1912 he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences
.
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
He studied at École Normale Supérieure
École Normale Supérieure
The École normale supérieure is one of the most prestigious French grandes écoles...
de la rue d'Ulm. In 1881 he received his license in natural history
Natural history
Natural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
and two years later earned his doctorate. In 1883 he was appointed adjunct professor at Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
, and through influence from Philippe Van Tieghem
Phillippe Édouard Léon van Tieghem
Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem was a French botanist who was a native of Baillleul in the département of Nord....
(1839-1914), became an assistant naturalist
Naturalist
Naturalist may refer to:* Practitioner of natural history* Conservationist* Advocate of naturalism * Naturalist , autobiography-See also:* The American Naturalist, periodical* Naturalism...
at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
The Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle is the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, France.- History :The museum was formally founded on 10 June 1793, during the French Revolution...
shortly afterwards.
In 1887 Costantin became a lecturer of botany at Ecole Normale Superieure. Several years later he succeeded Marie Maxime Cornu
Marie Maxime Cornu
Marie Maxime Cornu was a French botanist and mycologist. He was a younger brother to physicist Alfred Cornu ....
(1843-1901) as chair of horticulture
Horticulture
Horticulture is the industry and science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings. Horticulturists work and conduct research in the disciplines of plant propagation and cultivation, crop production, plant breeding and genetic...
at the museum of natural history, and also taught classes at the National School of Horticulture
Horticulture
Horticulture is the industry and science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings. Horticulturists work and conduct research in the disciplines of plant propagation and cultivation, crop production, plant breeding and genetic...
in Versailles
Versailles
Versailles , a city renowned for its château, the Palace of Versailles, was the de facto capital of the kingdom of France for over a century, from 1682 to 1789. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and remains an important administrative and judicial centre...
and at the École supérieure coloniale de Nogent-sur-Marne
Nogent-sur-Marne
Nogent-sur-Marne is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. Nogent-sur-Marne is a sous-préfecture of the Val-de-Marne département, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Nogent-sur-Marne.-History:...
. In 1912 he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences
French Academy of Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research...
.
Publications
- Atlas en couleurs des orchidées cultivées (E. Orlhac, Paris).
- Les Mucédinées simples. Histoire, classification, culture et rôle des champignons inférieurs dans les maladies des végétaux et des animaux (P. Klincksieck, Paris, 1888).
- Nouvelle flore des champignons, pour la détermination facile de toutes les espèces de France et de la plupart des espèces européennes (P. Dupont, Paris, 1891, re-edited in 1895, 1904, 1967 et 1997) — In the series of Nouvelle Flore of Gaston BonnierGaston BonnierGaston Eugène Marie Bonnier was a French botanist and plant ecologist. Bonnier first studied at École Normale Supérieure in Paris from 1873 to 1876. Together with Charles Flahault, he studied at Uppsala University in 1878...
(1851-1922) and Georges de LayensGeorges de LayensGeorges de Layens was a French botanist and apiculturalist. He was the creator of a popular mobile beehive called the "Layens hive".He published numerous works on beekeeping and botany...
(1834-1897). - Atlas des champignons comestibles et vénéneux (P. Dupont, Paris, 1895).
- Petite flore des champignons comestibles et vénéneux, pour la détermination rapide des principales espèces de France (P. Dupont, Paris, 1895). with Léon Jean Marie DufourLéon Jean Marie DufourLéon Jean Marie Dufour was a French medical doctor and naturalist .Between 1799 and 1806 he studied medicine in Paris then returned to Saint-Sever in the Landes...
(1862-1942), - Les végétaux et les milieux cosmiques (F. Alcan, Paris, 1898).
- Le Mythe du chêne marin (E. Leroux, Paris, 1899).
- La nature tropicale (F. Alcan, Paris, 1899).
- L'Hérédité acquise, ses conséquences horticoles, agricoles et médicales ( Durand, Chartres, 1901).
- Le transformisme appliqué à l'agriculture (F. Alcan, Paris, 1906).
- La Vie des orchidées (Flammarion, Paris, 1917).
- Éléments de botanique with Philippe Van Tieghem (1839-1914) (Masson, Paris, 1918).
- Atlas des orchidées cultivées (Paris, 1927).