Johannes Conrad
Encyclopedia
Johannes Conrad was a German
political economist
. Johannes Conrad was a Professor of economics in Halle (Saale), Prussian Germany. He was a co-founder (with Gustav von Schmoller
) of the important conservative Verein für Sozialpolitik in 1872. Late in his career, in 1911, he became the director of the newly established Institute for Co-operative Studies at the University of Halle. Conrad was an expert in political economy (Nationalökonomie) and became the editor of the influential Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik in 1870.
and Jena
political sciences. After completion of his studies he made larger journeys in Italy, England, France, Poland, Hungary, he achieved habilitation, in 1868 he became private lecturer in Jena, 1870 he was appointed extraordinary professor and in the same year he was appointed full professor.
From 1851 to 1857 he attended grammar school in Gdansk, but due to serious illness and he prematurely had to leave school. Beginning 1861, he was with the University of Berlin in order to study natural sciences. In 1862, Conrad moved on to the University of Jena, where he completed his 1864 doctoral thesis and his 1868 habilitation
thesis entitled, Die Statistik der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion. Kritik ihrer bisherigen Leistungen, sowie Vorschläge zu ihrer Förderung.
A highly successful and fast career followed. He obtained his habilitation in 1868 in Jena, and in 1870, Conrad becam Adjunct Professor at Jena. Two years later he was appointed professor at the University of Halle, as successor to the famous Gustav Schmoller. He refused an offer to work at the University of Göttingen, remaining at the University of Halle until the end of life.
During 1885-86, he was rector (vice-chancellor) at Halle and dealt primarily with issues of agricultural statistics and policy. He founded the State Academic (Staatswissenschaftliche) Seminar, at which a large number of students trained, including many students from Japan.
His books were very common, especially the principles and guidelines of the national economy and economy policy and a plan of economic and financial statistics. Even practical-political issues investigated, he said the importance of cereal import duties for the then very vulnerable German agriculture. Conrad was a member of the Commission on the advice of the second draft of the Civil Code.
The Americans, Richard T. Ely
, Simon N. Patten
, Edmund J. James
, and Joseph F. Johnson
studied under Conrad at Halle in the late 1870s, thus profoundly influencing the Harvard University
Department of Economics.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
political economist
Economist
An economist is a professional in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy...
. Johannes Conrad was a Professor of economics in Halle (Saale), Prussian Germany. He was a co-founder (with Gustav von Schmoller
Gustav von Schmoller
Gustav von Schmoller was the leader of the "younger" German historical school of economics.-Life:Schmoller was born in Heilbronn. His father was a Württemberg civil servant. Young Schmoller studied Staatswissenschaften at the University of Tübingen...
) of the important conservative Verein für Sozialpolitik in 1872. Late in his career, in 1911, he became the director of the newly established Institute for Co-operative Studies at the University of Halle. Conrad was an expert in political economy (Nationalökonomie) and became the editor of the influential Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik in 1870.
Life
Conrad's father was landowner in west Prussia. In the early days, Conrad dedicated himself to agriculture, studied on that, by physical suffering to giving the practical activity up in a forced manner, to natural sciences, finally in BerlinBerlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
and Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
political sciences. After completion of his studies he made larger journeys in Italy, England, France, Poland, Hungary, he achieved habilitation, in 1868 he became private lecturer in Jena, 1870 he was appointed extraordinary professor and in the same year he was appointed full professor.
From 1851 to 1857 he attended grammar school in Gdansk, but due to serious illness and he prematurely had to leave school. Beginning 1861, he was with the University of Berlin in order to study natural sciences. In 1862, Conrad moved on to the University of Jena, where he completed his 1864 doctoral thesis and his 1868 habilitation
Habilitation
Habilitation is the highest academic qualification a scholar can achieve by his or her own pursuit in several European and Asian countries. Earned after obtaining a research doctorate, such as a PhD, habilitation requires the candidate to write a professorial thesis based on independent...
thesis entitled, Die Statistik der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion. Kritik ihrer bisherigen Leistungen, sowie Vorschläge zu ihrer Förderung.
A highly successful and fast career followed. He obtained his habilitation in 1868 in Jena, and in 1870, Conrad becam Adjunct Professor at Jena. Two years later he was appointed professor at the University of Halle, as successor to the famous Gustav Schmoller. He refused an offer to work at the University of Göttingen, remaining at the University of Halle until the end of life.
During 1885-86, he was rector (vice-chancellor) at Halle and dealt primarily with issues of agricultural statistics and policy. He founded the State Academic (Staatswissenschaftliche) Seminar, at which a large number of students trained, including many students from Japan.
His books were very common, especially the principles and guidelines of the national economy and economy policy and a plan of economic and financial statistics. Even practical-political issues investigated, he said the importance of cereal import duties for the then very vulnerable German agriculture. Conrad was a member of the Commission on the advice of the second draft of the Civil Code.
The Americans, Richard T. Ely
Richard T. Ely
Richard Theodore Ely was an American economist, author, and leader of the Progressive movement who called for more government intervention in order to reform what they perceived as the injustices of capitalism, especially regarding factory conditions, compulsory education, child labor, and labor...
, Simon N. Patten
Simon Patten
Simon Nelson Patten was an influential economist and the chair of the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania...
, Edmund J. James
Edmund J. James
Edmund Janes James was an American academic, president of the University of Illinois from 1904 to 1920, and the primary founder of, first president of, and first editor for the American Academy of Political and Social Science....
, and Joseph F. Johnson
Joseph French Johnson
Joseph French Johnson was an American economist, born at Hardwick, Massachusetts.He graduated from Harvard in 1878, studied in Germany for a year, then began work at the Springfield, Massachusetts Republican newspaper...
studied under Conrad at Halle in the late 1870s, thus profoundly influencing the Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
Department of Economics.
Books by Conrad
- Liebig's Ansicht von der Bodenerschöpfung und ihre geschichtliche, statistische und nationalökonomische Begründung. Jena 1864 (Doctoral thesis).
- Die Statistik der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion. Kritik ihrer bisherigen Leistungen, sowie Vorschläge zu ihrer Förderung. Jena 1868 (HabilitationHabilitationHabilitation is the highest academic qualification a scholar can achieve by his or her own pursuit in several European and Asian countries. Earned after obtaining a research doctorate, such as a PhD, habilitation requires the candidate to write a professorial thesis based on independent...
thesis). - Das Universitätsstudium in Deutschland. Jena 1884
- Findelanstalten
- Rodbertus' Rentenprinzip
- Agrarstatistische Untersuchungen und andere Abhandlungen in den Jahrbüchern für Nationalökonomie und Statistik
- Ferner gab er seit 1877 die Sammlung von Arbeiten des staatswissenschaftlichen Seminars zu Halle heraus, welches unter seiner Leitung stand.