Jinong
Encyclopedia
Jinong was a title of the Mongols
. It was derived from Chinese
Jinwang (Traditional Chinese: 晉王; pinyin
: jìn wáng; lit. King of Jin) although some historians have suggested it originates from Qinwang (Traditional Chinese: 親王; pinyin
: qīn wáng; lit. Prince). Whatever its relation with the Chinese title, the Mongol title was rendered in Chinese as "jinong" (Traditional Chinese: 濟農; pinyin
: jǐ nóng) or "jinang" (Traditional Chinese:吉囊; pinyin
: jí náng).
The title of Jinong was first given to Kamala
, a grandson of Khubilai Khan in 1292. He served the mausoleum of Genghis Khan (naiman chaghaan ger; ; lit. eight white houses). Those who served to the mausolem was called the Ordus
and Jinong came to mean the highest priest of the portable mausoleum. The Ordus lived on the Kherlen River
but later moved to the area now known as Ordos
.
After Dayan Khan
, whose father was the Jinong, unified Mongolia
, his descendants assumed the position until 1949. During the Qing Dynasty
the Jinong also served as the chief of the Yeke Juu League or a banner in it.
Mongols
Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia...
. It was derived from Chinese
Chinese language
The Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages...
Jinwang (Traditional Chinese: 晉王; pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: jìn wáng; lit. King of Jin) although some historians have suggested it originates from Qinwang (Traditional Chinese: 親王; pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: qīn wáng; lit. Prince). Whatever its relation with the Chinese title, the Mongol title was rendered in Chinese as "jinong" (Traditional Chinese: 濟農; pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: jǐ nóng) or "jinang" (Traditional Chinese:吉囊; pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: jí náng).
The title of Jinong was first given to Kamala
Kamala
Kamala is a common Hindu name, usually meaning Nelumbo nucifera, the lotus. Variants include Kamal and Kamla. It is unrelated to the similar sounding name of Arabic origin meaning perfection or integrity usually spelled Kamal in English but spelled Kemal in Turkish, which appears as the middle name...
, a grandson of Khubilai Khan in 1292. He served the mausoleum of Genghis Khan (naiman chaghaan ger; ; lit. eight white houses). Those who served to the mausolem was called the Ordus
Ordos Mongols
The Ordos are a Mongol subgroup that live in Uushin district, Inner Mongolia. Ordos literally means plural of Ordo....
and Jinong came to mean the highest priest of the portable mausoleum. The Ordus lived on the Kherlen River
Kherlen River
Kherlen River is a river of 1,254 km length in Mongolia and China.-Course:The river has its origin in the south slopes of the Khentii mountains, near the Burkhan Khaldun mountain in the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area, about 180 km northeast of Ulaanbaatar...
but later moved to the area now known as Ordos
Ordos Desert
The Ordos Desert is a desert and steppe region lying on a plateau in the south of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China . The soil of the Ordos is a mixture of clay and sand and, as a result, is poorly suited for agriculture. It extends over an area of...
.
After Dayan Khan
Dayan Khan
Dayan Khan , was a Mongol khan who reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid supremacy in the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia...
, whose father was the Jinong, unified Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
, his descendants assumed the position until 1949. During the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
the Jinong also served as the chief of the Yeke Juu League or a banner in it.