Jean Heiberg
Encyclopedia
Jean Hjalmar Dahl Heiberg (19 December 1884 – 27 May 1976) was a Norwegian painter
, sculptor, designer and art professor.
to Hjalmar Heiberg
and Jeanette Sofie Augusta Dahl. Both his father and grandfather were professors of medicine. His mother died of puerperal fever
one week after his birth.
Heiberg's first wife (from 1913 to 1920) was sculptor Sigri Welhaven
. In 1922 he married painter Agnes Mannheimer, who died in 1934. In 1954 he married Anna Clev.
at Hamar
in 1903. He studied at Den kgl. Tegneskole
in Kristiania from 1903 to 1904, and in Munich
from 1904 to 1905. He studied at Académie Colarossi
in Paris in 1905. After a period in Kristiania, he moved to Paris again, and was a student of Henri Matisse
from 1908 to 1910. After his marriage in 1913, the couple stayed in Rome and Firenze the following year.
Among Heiberg's paintings are Boksekamp from 1910 and Enken from 1915, which both are located in National Gallery of Norway
. Other paintings include Mor og barn and Eftasvæl, both from 1916. His self portrait Selvportrett ved staffeliet is also located at the National Gallery. He is represented at the National Gallery with a total of 30 paintings and several sculptures. Among his bronze sculptures are Helge from 1925 and Hode from 1928. In the 1920s he also designed pieces of furniture.
In the early 1930s he co-designed a telephone
for Elektrisk Bureau
. It was claimed as the world's first "hookless" bakelite telephone, that is the first telephone where the cradle, or receiver hook, was integrated into the all-bakelite body. The phone went into production in 1932 as the Ericsson
model DBH1001. The engineering design of this model was made by Johan Christian Bjerknes, while Heiberg was responsible for the stylistic design.
Heiberg was appointed professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts
from 1935 to 1955, except during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
, when he was fired in 1941. From autumn 1941 he was secretly running an undercover art academy in Oslo, together with fellow professor Axel Revold
. Their academy was called "The Factory" , as its first location was in a closed corset factory. They were later located at Lauritz Falk
's home and at Johannes Sejersted Bødtker
's atelier at Holmenkollen. Heiberg was director of the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts from 1946 to 1955. In 1956 he was decorated Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.
Painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
, sculptor, designer and art professor.
Personal life
Heiberg was born in KristianiaOslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
to Hjalmar Heiberg
Hjalmar Heiberg
Hjalmar Heiberg was a Norwegian physician, and a professor of anatomy at the University of Oslo. His research speciality was inflammations, and he was a proponent for the new theory of bacteria. He was the son of Christen Heiberg, and the father of Jean Heiberg. He was decorated Knight, First...
and Jeanette Sofie Augusta Dahl. Both his father and grandfather were professors of medicine. His mother died of puerperal fever
Puerperal fever
Puerperal fever or childbed fever, is a bacterial infection contracted by women during childbirth or miscarriage. It can develop into puerperal sepsis, which is a serious form of septicaemia. If untreated, it is often fatal....
one week after his birth.
Heiberg's first wife (from 1913 to 1920) was sculptor Sigri Welhaven
Sigri Welhaven
Sigri Welhaven was a Norwegian sculptor. She was the daughter of Hjalmar Welhaven, and her first husband was Jean Heiberg. She lived in Paris from 1919 to 1939. She has made busts of Thorvald Lammers, Halvdan Koht, Hauk Aabel and Sem Sæland...
. In 1922 he married painter Agnes Mannheimer, who died in 1934. In 1954 he married Anna Clev.
Career
Heiberg finished his secondary educationExamen artium
Examen artium was the name of the academic certification conferred in Denmark and Norway, qualifying the student for admission to university studies. Examen artium was originally introduced as the entrance exam of the University of Copenhagen in 1630...
at Hamar
Hamar
is a town and municipality in Hedmark county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Hedmarken. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Hamar. The municipality of Hamar was separated from Vang as a town and municipality of its own in 1849...
in 1903. He studied at Den kgl. Tegneskole
Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
The Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry was established in 1818.In 1996 the National Academy of Craft and Art Industry became part of Oslo National Academy of the Arts .-Noted alumni:-External links:*...
in Kristiania from 1903 to 1904, and in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
from 1904 to 1905. He studied at Académie Colarossi
Académie Colarossi
The Académie Colarossi is an art school founded by the Italian sculptor Filippo Colarossi. First located on the Île de la Cité, it moved in the 1870s to 10 rue de la Grande-Chaumière in the VIe arrondissement of Paris, France....
in Paris in 1905. After a period in Kristiania, he moved to Paris again, and was a student of Henri Matisse
Henri Matisse
Henri Matisse was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter...
from 1908 to 1910. After his marriage in 1913, the couple stayed in Rome and Firenze the following year.
Among Heiberg's paintings are Boksekamp from 1910 and Enken from 1915, which both are located in National Gallery of Norway
National Gallery of Norway
The National Gallery of Norway is a gallery in Oslo, Norway. Since 2003 it is administratively a part of the National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design.-History:...
. Other paintings include Mor og barn and Eftasvæl, both from 1916. His self portrait Selvportrett ved staffeliet is also located at the National Gallery. He is represented at the National Gallery with a total of 30 paintings and several sculptures. Among his bronze sculptures are Helge from 1925 and Hode from 1928. In the 1920s he also designed pieces of furniture.
In the early 1930s he co-designed a telephone
Telephone
The telephone , colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sounds, usually the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other...
for Elektrisk Bureau
Elektrisk Bureau
Elektrisk Bureau or EB was a Norwegian manufacturer of telecommunication equipment. It was founded in 1882 and lasted until 1993 when it became part of Asea Brown Boveri . The company was located at Billingstad in Asker.-History:...
. It was claimed as the world's first "hookless" bakelite telephone, that is the first telephone where the cradle, or receiver hook, was integrated into the all-bakelite body. The phone went into production in 1932 as the Ericsson
Ericsson
Ericsson , one of Sweden's largest companies, is a provider of telecommunication and data communication systems, and related services, covering a range of technologies, including especially mobile networks...
model DBH1001. The engineering design of this model was made by Johan Christian Bjerknes, while Heiberg was responsible for the stylistic design.
Heiberg was appointed professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts
Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts
The Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts is a Norwegian university offering studies in the areas of specialization painting, photography / video / film, digital art, sound art, sculpture, installation, performance art, and art theory.-History:...
from 1935 to 1955, except during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany started with the German invasion of Norway on April 9, 1940, and ended on May 8, 1945, after the capitulation of German forces in Europe. Throughout this period, Norway was continuously occupied by the Wehrmacht...
, when he was fired in 1941. From autumn 1941 he was secretly running an undercover art academy in Oslo, together with fellow professor Axel Revold
Axel Revold
Axel Revold was a Norwegian painter, illustrator, and art professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts for twenty years. He was highly decorated for his merits.-Personal life:...
. Their academy was called "The Factory" , as its first location was in a closed corset factory. They were later located at Lauritz Falk
Lauritz Falk
Lauritz Falk was a Swedish actor, film director, singer and painter. He appeared in about 60 roles in films and TV between 1923 and 1989...
's home and at Johannes Sejersted Bødtker
Johannes Sejersted Bødtker
Johannes Mathias Sejersted Bødtker CBE was a Norwegian banker, art collector and patron of the arts.-Early and personal life:...
's atelier at Holmenkollen. Heiberg was director of the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts from 1946 to 1955. In 1956 he was decorated Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.