Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Étienne (November 14, 1743 - December 5, 1793) was a
French revolutionaryThe French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based...
.
Rabaut de Saint-Étienne was born at
NîmesNîmes is a city in southern France. It is the capital of the Gard department. Nîmes has a rich history, dating back to the Roman Empire, and it is a popular tourist destination.-History:...
, the son of
Paul RabautPaul Rabaut was a French pastor of the Huguenot "Church of the Desert".He was born at Bédarieux, near Montpellier. In 1738 he was admitted as a preacher by the synod of Languedoc, and in 1740 he went to Lausanne to complete his studies in the seminary founded by Antoine Court...
, the additional surname of Saint-Étienne taken from a small property near Nîmes.
Like his father, he became a Calvinist pastor, and distinguished himself with his zeal for his co-religionists, working energetically to obtain the recognition of the
civil rightsCivil and political rights are a class of rights and freedoms that protect individuals from unwarranted government action and ensure one's ability to participate in the civil and political life of the state without discrimination or repression....
which had been granted to them by
Louis XVILouis XVI of France ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. Suspended and arrested during the Insurrection of 10 August 1792, he was tried by the National Convention, found guilty of treason, and executed by guillotine on 21...
in 1788.
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Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Étienne (November 14, 1743 - December 5, 1793) was a
French revolutionaryThe French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based...
.
Biography
Rabaut de Saint-Étienne was born at
NîmesNîmes is a city in southern France. It is the capital of the Gard department. Nîmes has a rich history, dating back to the Roman Empire, and it is a popular tourist destination.-History:...
, the son of
Paul RabautPaul Rabaut was a French pastor of the Huguenot "Church of the Desert".He was born at Bédarieux, near Montpellier. In 1738 he was admitted as a preacher by the synod of Languedoc, and in 1740 he went to Lausanne to complete his studies in the seminary founded by Antoine Court...
, the additional surname of Saint-Étienne taken from a small property near Nîmes.
Like his father, he became a Calvinist pastor, and distinguished himself with his zeal for his co-religionists, working energetically to obtain the recognition of the
civil rightsCivil and political rights are a class of rights and freedoms that protect individuals from unwarranted government action and ensure one's ability to participate in the civil and political life of the state without discrimination or repression....
which had been granted to them by
Louis XVILouis XVI of France ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. Suspended and arrested during the Insurrection of 10 August 1792, he was tried by the National Convention, found guilty of treason, and executed by guillotine on 21...
in 1788. Having gained a reputation with his
Histoire primitive de la Grèce, he was elected deputy to the
States GeneralIn France under the Ancient Regime, the States-General or Estates-General , was a legislative assembly of the different classes of French subjects. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates, which were called and dismissed by the king...
in 1789 by the third estate of the
bailliage of Nîmes.
In the
Constituent AssemblyA constituent assembly is a body composed for the purpose of drafting or adopting a constitution...
, Rabaut de Saint-Étienne worked on the framing of the constitution; he spoke against the establishment of the Republic, which he considered ridiculous; and voted for the suspensive veto, as likely to strengthen the position of the Crown. In the Convention, he sat among the Girondists, opposed the trial of Louis XVI, was a member of the commission of twelve, and was proscribed with his party.
He remained in hiding for some time, but he was ultimately discovered and guillotined in the December 1793.