The
Javan Hawk-eagle,
Nisaetus bartelsi (earlier under
Spizaetus) is a medium-sized, approximately 61cm long, dark brown
raptorBirds of prey are birds that hunt for food primarily on the wing, using their keen senses, especially vision. They are defined as any bird that kills its prey with its talons. Their talons and beaks tend to be relatively large, powerful and adapted for tearing and/or piercing flesh. In most cases,...
in the family
AccipitridaeThe Accipitridae is one of the two major families within the order Accipitriformes . Many well-known birds, such as hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures are included in this group...
. It has a long crest, rufous head and neck, and heavily barred black below. The crest is black with white tip. Both sexes are similar. The young is duller and has unmarked underparts.
An Indonesian
endemicThis is a parent page for articles about endemism among birds in various zoogeographic zones.As applied to birds, the term "endemic" refers to any species found only in a specific geographical area. There is no upper limit for the area; it would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as...
, the Javan Hawk-eagle is distributed in humid tropical forests of
JavaJava is an island of Indonesia and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. Once the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms, Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies, Java now plays a dominant role in the economic and political life of Indonesia...
.
The
Javan Hawk-eagle,
Nisaetus bartelsi (earlier under
Spizaetus) is a medium-sized, approximately 61cm long, dark brown
raptorBirds of prey are birds that hunt for food primarily on the wing, using their keen senses, especially vision. They are defined as any bird that kills its prey with its talons. Their talons and beaks tend to be relatively large, powerful and adapted for tearing and/or piercing flesh. In most cases,...
in the family
AccipitridaeThe Accipitridae is one of the two major families within the order Accipitriformes . Many well-known birds, such as hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures are included in this group...
. It has a long crest, rufous head and neck, and heavily barred black below. The crest is black with white tip. Both sexes are similar. The young is duller and has unmarked underparts.
An Indonesian
endemicThis is a parent page for articles about endemism among birds in various zoogeographic zones.As applied to birds, the term "endemic" refers to any species found only in a specific geographical area. There is no upper limit for the area; it would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as...
, the Javan Hawk-eagle is distributed in humid tropical forests of
JavaJava is an island of Indonesia and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. Once the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms, Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies, Java now plays a dominant role in the economic and political life of Indonesia...
. Because of the plumages variability of
SpizaetusSpizaetus is the typical hawk-eagle birds of prey genus found in the tropics of the Americas. It was however used to indicate a group of medium-large tropical eagles that included species occurring in southern and southeastern Asia and one representative of this genus in the rainforests of West...
eagle, the Javan Hawk-eagle was not recognised as a full species until 1953.
One of the rarest of all raptors, the Javan Hawk-eagle is believed to be a
monogamousMonogamy is the state of having only one sexual partner at any one time. The word monogamy comes from the Greek word monos "μονός", which means one or alone, and the Greek word gamos "γάμος", which means marriage or union...
species. The female usually lays one egg in nest high on top of forest trees. The diet consists mainly of birds, lizards,
fruit batFruit Bat can refer to:* Megabats, species of bats which eat fruit.* Leslie George "Fruitbat" Carter, a British musician.* Fruit Bats, an American band....
s and mammals.
The Javan Hawk-eagle is the national bird of
IndonesiaThe Republic of Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands. With an estimated population of around 237 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, with the world's largest population of Muslims.Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. The scientific name commemorates
Hans BartelsHans Bartels was a Korvettenkapitän with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.-Awards:* Dienstauszeichnung IV.Klasse...
.
Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, limited range and hunting in some areas, the Javan Hawk-eagle is evaluated as Endangered on the
IUCN Red ListThe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1948, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources is the world's main authority on the conservation...
of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of CITES.
External links