Ivan Krasko
Encyclopedia
Ivan Krasko was a Slovak poet, translator and representative of modernism
in Slovakia.
region. He studied at the Hungarian
grammar school in Rimavská Sobota
(Rimaszombat), later at German grammar schools in Sibiu
and Braşov
, where he graduated. In 1900 he applied for the study of chemical engineering in Prague
, where he successfully graduated in 1905. He was a member of the Slovak association Detvan. He worked then for some time as a chemist in the town of Klobuky
, later in a chemical factory in Slaný
. When the World War I
broke out, he went fighting to the Eastern Front
against Russian Empire
. After end of the war, he returned to Czechoslovakia
and started working as a politician, becoming a member of parliament and a senator of the Agrarian Party. He mostly lived in Bratislava
, but in 1943, he moved to Piešťany
, where he lived until 1958. He died on 3 March 1958 in Bratislava, and is interred in Lukovištia
.
There is a memory room in Piešťany, opened in 1976, dedicated to his life and work. A street in Piešťany is named after him.
). He has written some more works in the 1910s, but many of his first works were first published in the 1950s. The topics include: social inequality, Magyarisation of the Slovak nation, passivity of young generation and also his personal sadness.
He also wanted to write poetic composition about his experience from the World War I and protests against it, but only the introduction was published in 1929 under the name "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?" (a Hebrew/Aramaic New Testament quote that reads Bože môj, Bože môj, prečo si ma opustil? in Slovak and My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? in King James Version English).
Modernism
Modernism, in its broadest definition, is modern thought, character, or practice. More specifically, the term describes the modernist movement, its set of cultural tendencies and array of associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society...
in Slovakia.
Biography
He was born in the peasants family in Lukovištia in the GömörGemer
Gemer is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. In the 19th century, and in the beginning of the 20th century, it was united with the Kishont region to form Gömör-Kishont county . Its territory is presently in southern Slovakia and northern Hungary...
region. He studied at the Hungarian
grammar school in Rimavská Sobota
Rimavská Sobota
Rimavská Sobota is a town in southern Slovakia, in the Banská Bystrica Region, on the Rimava river. It has 24,374 inhabitants . The town is a historical capital of the Gömör-Kishont county .-Geography:...
(Rimaszombat), later at German grammar schools in Sibiu
Sibiu
Sibiu is a city in Transylvania, Romania with a population of 154,548. Located some 282 km north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the river Olt...
and Braşov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
, where he graduated. In 1900 he applied for the study of chemical engineering in Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
, where he successfully graduated in 1905. He was a member of the Slovak association Detvan. He worked then for some time as a chemist in the town of Klobuky
Klobuky
Klobuky is a village in Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is located in an agricultural landscape about 10 km northwest of Slaný or 39 km northwest of Prague and has a population of 1,030...
, later in a chemical factory in Slaný
Slaný
The Royal town1 of Slaný is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, located about 25 km northwest of Prague. The town is part of the Prague metropolitan area....
. When the World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
broke out, he went fighting to the Eastern Front
Eastern Front (World War I)
The Eastern Front was a theatre of war during World War I in Central and, primarily, Eastern Europe. The term is in contrast to the Western Front. Despite the geographical separation, the events in the two theatres strongly influenced each other...
against Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. After end of the war, he returned to Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
and started working as a politician, becoming a member of parliament and a senator of the Agrarian Party. He mostly lived in Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...
, but in 1943, he moved to Piešťany
Pieštany
Piešťany is a town in Slovakia. It is located in the western part of the country within the Trnava Region and is the seat of its own district. It is the biggest and best known spa town in Slovakia and has around 30,000 inhabitants.-History:...
, where he lived until 1958. He died on 3 March 1958 in Bratislava, and is interred in Lukovištia
Lukovištia
Lukovištia is a village and municipality in the Rimavská Sobota District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia.-External links:*http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html...
.
There is a memory room in Piešťany, opened in 1976, dedicated to his life and work. A street in Piešťany is named after him.
Literary output
He started writing poems during his grammar school studies, but he published first of them only in 1896, called Pieseň nášho ľudu (app. Song of our folk). He published his works under pseudonym Janko Cigáň until second half of the 1900s, when he changed his poetical name to Ivan Krasko (Ivan = Ján in Slovak, Russian name and Krasko = after the village of KraskovoKraskovo
Kraskovo is an urban locality in Lyuberetsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: Its elevation is above the sea level...
). He has written some more works in the 1910s, but many of his first works were first published in the 1950s. The topics include: social inequality, Magyarisation of the Slovak nation, passivity of young generation and also his personal sadness.
He also wanted to write poetic composition about his experience from the World War I and protests against it, but only the introduction was published in 1929 under the name "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?" (a Hebrew/Aramaic New Testament quote that reads Bože môj, Bože môj, prečo si ma opustil? in Slovak and My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? in King James Version English).
Poetry
- 1896 - Pieseň nášho ľudu, poem (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1902 - Deň spásy, poem (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1902 - Za búrnej čiernej noci, poem (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1905 / 1906 - Lístok, cycle of poems (Dennica)
- 1906 - List slečne Ľ. G., poem (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1906 - Jehovah, poem (Letopis Živeny)
- 1906 - Poznanie, poem (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1909 - Nox et solitudo (Latin for app. night and loneliness), the first collection of his poetry (introduction was written by Svetozár Hurban Vajanský)
- 1910 - Noc a Ja, poem in prose (PrúdyPrúdyPrúdy is a rock band formed in the former Czechoslovakia in 1962.The band consists of Marián Varga on organ and piano, Pavol Hammel on guitar and vocal, Vlado Mallý on drums, Peter Saller on guitar and Fedor Frešo on bass guitar.- External links :*...
) - 1912 - Verše, second collection of his poetry
- 1913 - Svätopluk, poem (Slovenský denník)
- 1952 - Moje piesne, collection of poems
- 1961 - Nad ránom…, selection from poetry
Prose
- 1907 - Naši, portrait study (Slovenský obzor)
- 1908 - Sentimentálne príhody I a II (later named Svadba a Almužna), short prose (Dennica)
- 1911 - List mŕtvemu (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1932 - Archanjel Michal, nástenná maľba v starobylom kostole na Kraskove, description of part of the fresco decoration (Slovenské pohľady)
- 1937 - Pôvod dedín Kraskova a Lukovíšť, study (Zborník Muzeálnej slovenskej spoločnosti)
Translations
- 1910 - Richard DehmelRichard DehmelRichard Fedor Leopold Dehmel was a German poet and writer.- Life :...
: Vôľa k činu, theoretical essay (PrúdyPrúdyPrúdy is a rock band formed in the former Czechoslovakia in 1962.The band consists of Marián Varga on organ and piano, Pavol Hammel on guitar and vocal, Vlado Mallý on drums, Peter Saller on guitar and Fedor Frešo on bass guitar.- External links :*...
) - 1911 - Richard DehmelRichard DehmelRichard Fedor Leopold Dehmel was a German poet and writer.- Life :...
: Príroda, symbol a umenie, theoretical essay (Slovenské pohľady) - 1956 - Tiene na obraze času, collection of poems translated from the Romanian languageRomanian languageRomanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova...