Ironwood
Encyclopedia
Ironwood is a common name for a large number of woods that have a reputation for hardness. Usage of the name may (or may not) include the tree that yields this wood. Some of the species involved are:
- Acacia estrophiolataAcacia estrophiolataAcacia estrophiolata, commonly known as the Ironwood or Southern Ironwood, is a tree native to Central Australia.It is a graceful, pendulous shade tree, which grows from about 4-16 m tall and has a trunk with a diameter of up to about 0.45 m. Young plants are spiky leaved...
, Southern ironwood - Androstachys johnsonii, Lebombo ironwood
- Carpinus carolinianaAmerican HornbeamCarpinus caroliniana is a small hardwood tree in the genus Carpinus. American hornbeam is also occasionally known as blue-beech, ironwood, or musclewood. It is native to eastern North America, from Minnesota and southern Ontario east to Maine, and south to eastern Texas and northern Florida...
, American hornbeam - Casuarina equisetifoliaCasuarina equisetifoliaCasuarina equisetifolia is a she-oak species of the genus Casuarina. The native range extends from Burma and Vietnam throughout Malesia east to French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu, and south to Australia...
, Common ironwood from Australia - CasuarinaceaeCasuarinaceaeCasuarinaceae is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of 3 or 4 genera and approximately 70 species of trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics , Australia, and the Pacific Islands...
(she-oaks) in general - Chionanthus foveolatusChionanthus foveolatusChionanthus foveolatus is a medium-sized, evergreen, Afromontane tree that is indigenous to South Africa....
, Pock ironwood from South Africa - Choricarpia subargenteaChoricarpia subargenteaChoricarpia subargentea is a rare Australian rainforest tree, growing near Mullumbimby in north eastern New South Wales. And from Boonah to Imbil in south eastern Queensland....
, Giant ironwood - CopaiferaCopaifera langsdorffiiThe tropical rainforest tree Copaifera langsdorffii is known as the diesel tree and kerosene tree. It has many names in local languages, including kupa'y, cabismo, and copaúva.-Biological description:...
spp., Diesel Tree, Kerosene Tree, Kupa'y, Cabismo, or Copaúva - Diospyros blancoi, Mabolo, Velvet Apple, or Kamagong native to the Philippines
- Erythrophleum chlorostachysErythrophleum chlorostachysErythrophleum chlorostachys is a species of leguminous tree endemic to northern Australia, from northeastern Queensland to the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Commonly known as Cooktown Ironwood, the species is found in wide range of environments from arid savanna to tropical rainforest...
, Cooktown ironwood from Australia. - Eusideroxylon zwageriEusideroxylon zwageriEusideroxylon zwageri, the Ulin, is native to the Malesia region. It is one of the four species of the genus Eusideroxylon. It is known colloquially in English as Borneo ironwood and occasionally bilian ironwood or bilian...
, Borneo ironwood - Guaiacum officinaleGuaiacum officinaleGuaiacum officinale, commonly known as Roughbark Lignum-vitae, is a species of tree in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae, that is native to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America.-Description:...
, Lignum vitaeLignum vitaeLignum vitae is a trade wood, also called guayacan or guaiacum, and in parts of Europe known as pockenholz, from trees of the genus Guaiacum. This wood was once very important for applications requiring a material with its extraordinary combination of strength, toughness and density... - Guaiacum sanctumGuaiacum sanctumGuaiacum sanctum, commonly known as Holywood or Holywood Lignum-vitae, is a species of flowering plant in the creosote bush family, Zygophyllaceae. It ranges from southern Florida in the United States and the Bahamas south to Central America and the Greater Antilles...
, Holywood - Holodiscus discolorHolodiscus discolorHolodiscus discolor, commonly known as ocean spray, creambush or ironwood, is a shrub of western North America. It is common in the Pacific Northwest where it is found in both openings and the forest understory at low to moderate elevations.-Description:Holodiscus discolor is a fast-growing...
, Creambrush - Hopea odorataHopea odorataHopea odorata, or takian, is a species of plant in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. In Thailand it is believed to be inhabited by a spirit, Lady Takian....
, White thingan, Ceylon or Malabar ironwood - Krugiodendron ferreumKrugiodendron ferreumKrugiodendron ferreum, commonly known as the Black Ironwood or Leadwood, is a species of tree in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It is found in southern Florida, throughout the Caribbean and from southern Mexico to Honduras...
, Black Ironwood - Lophira alataLophira alataLophira alata is a species of plant in the Ochnaceae family. It is found in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical...
, Red ironwood - Lyonothamnus floribundus, Lyon tree
- Mesua ferreaMesua ferreaMesua ferrea is a species in the family Calophyllaceae. The plant is named after the heaviness of its timber and cultivated in tropical climates for its form, foliage, and fragrant flowers...
, Rose chestnut or Ceylon ironwood or Nahar - Nestegis apetalaNestegis apetalaNestegis apetala is a small tree native to northern New Zealand and to Norfolk Island. The common names in New Zealand are Coastal maire or Broad-leaved maire. On Norfolk Island, the common name is Ironwood. The species name apetala refers to the lack of petals on the flowers.-Distribution:In New...
, Coastal maire, Broad-leaved maire or Ironwood - OleaOleaOlea is a genus of about 40 species in the family Oleaceae, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of southern Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australasia. They are evergreen trees and shrubs, with small, opposite, entire leaves...
spp., Various olive trees - Olneya tesotaOlneya tesotaOlneya tesota is a perennial flowering tree of the Fabaceae family, legumes , which is commonly known as Ironwood or Desert Ironwood. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Olneya...
, Desert ironwood - Ostrya virginianaOstrya virginianaOstrya virginiana , is a species of Ostrya native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to southern Manitoba and eastern Wyoming, southeast to northern Florida and southwest to eastern Texas and northeastern Mexico...
, Hop hornbeam - Parrotia persica, Persian ironwood
- Tabebuia serratifoliaTabebuia serratifoliaYellow Lapacho is a tree native to forests throughout Central and South America. This plant grows in the Cerrado vegetation of Brazil, reaching up to French Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay and Northern Argentina...
, Yellow poui - Vepris lanceolataVepris lanceolataVepris lanceolata is a large, evergreen tree of South Africa.-External links:*...
, The White ironwood tree of South Africa - Xanthostemon verdugonianusXanthostemon verdugonianusXanthostemon verdugonianus is a species of plant in the Myrtaceae family. It is endemic to the Philippines. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. . Downloaded on 24 August 2007....
, Philippine Ironwood or Mangkono, endemic to the Philippines