Iosif Khriplovich
Encyclopedia
Iosif Benzionovich Khriplovich (born 1937) is a Russian theoretical physicist who has made deep contributions in quantum field theory
, atomic physics
, and general relativity
.
He is a Chief Researcher at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics
, Novosibirsk
, and holds a Chair of Theoretical Physics at Novosibirsk State University
. Dr. Khriplovich was elected to the Russian Academy of Sciences
in 2000, and remains a Corresponding Member. He was awarded the 2004 "Silver Dirac Medal for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics" by University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
, and shared the 2005 Pomeranchuk Prize
with Arkady Vainshtein For outstanding contribution to the understanding the properties of the standard model, especially for illuminating work on weak and strong interactions of quarks, a prize awarded by the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics of Moscow
.
Khriplovich was the first to correctly calculate the beta-function
for the coupling renormalization
in a non-Abelian
Yang-Mills theory, although at that time (1969) asymptotic freedom
was not yet recognized as a property of the strong interactions.
Starting in the early 70-s he was one of the initiators of the search for parity violating effects in atoms, and he has performed a great number of pioneering detailed calculations of the effect in various atoms, including the effect of the rotation of polarization of light in bismuth
, which was the first parity violating atomic effect which was experimentally observed.
Quantum field theory
Quantum field theory provides a theoretical framework for constructing quantum mechanical models of systems classically parametrized by an infinite number of dynamical degrees of freedom, that is, fields and many-body systems. It is the natural and quantitative language of particle physics and...
, atomic physics
Atomic physics
Atomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus. It is primarily concerned with the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus and...
, and general relativity
General relativity
General relativity or the general theory of relativity is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1916. It is the current description of gravitation in modern physics...
.
He is a Chief Researcher at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics
The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics is one of the major centres of advanced study of nuclear physics in Russia. It is located in the Siberian town Akademgorodok, on Academician Lavrentiev Avenue. The institute was founded by Gersh Itskovich Budker in 1959...
, Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk is the third-largest city in Russia, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the largest city of Siberia, with a population of 1,473,737 . It is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast as well as of the Siberian Federal District...
, and holds a Chair of Theoretical Physics at Novosibirsk State University
Novosibirsk State University
Novosibirsk State University was founded in May 1959 in the USSR by Soviet academicians Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentiev, Sergei Lvovich Sobolev and Sergey Alekseyevich Khristianovich in a program of establishing a Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences...
. Dr. Khriplovich was elected to the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences consists of the national academy of Russia and a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation as well as auxiliary scientific and social units like libraries, publishers and hospitals....
in 2000, and remains a Corresponding Member. He was awarded the 2004 "Silver Dirac Medal for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics" by University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
University of New South Wales
The University of New South Wales , is a research-focused university based in Kensington, a suburb in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia...
, and shared the 2005 Pomeranchuk Prize
Pomeranchuk Prize
The Pomeranchuk Prize is an international award for theoretical physics, awarded annually since 1998 by the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics from Moscow...
with Arkady Vainshtein For outstanding contribution to the understanding the properties of the standard model, especially for illuminating work on weak and strong interactions of quarks, a prize awarded by the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics of Moscow
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
The Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics is located in Moscow, Russia as a MinAtom physical institute....
.
Khriplovich was the first to correctly calculate the beta-function
Beta-function
In theoretical physics, specifically quantum field theory, a beta function β encodes the dependence of a coupling parameter, g, on the energy scale, \mu of a given physical process....
for the coupling renormalization
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities....
in a non-Abelian
Non-abelian
In theoretical physics, a non-abelian gauge transformation means a gauge transformation taking values in some group G, the elements of which do not obey the commutative law when they are multiplied. The original choice of G in the physics of electromagnetism was U, which is commutative.For a...
Yang-Mills theory, although at that time (1969) asymptotic freedom
Asymptotic freedom
In physics, asymptotic freedom is a property of some gauge theories that causes interactions between particles to become arbitrarily weak at energy scales that become arbitrarily large, or, equivalently, at length scales that become arbitrarily small .Asymptotic freedom is a feature of quantum...
was not yet recognized as a property of the strong interactions.
Starting in the early 70-s he was one of the initiators of the search for parity violating effects in atoms, and he has performed a great number of pioneering detailed calculations of the effect in various atoms, including the effect of the rotation of polarization of light in bismuth
Bismuth
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Bismuth, a trivalent poor metal, chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth may occur naturally uncombined, although its sulfide and oxide form important commercial ores. The free element is 86% as dense as lead...
, which was the first parity violating atomic effect which was experimentally observed.
Books
- "Parity Nonconservation in Atomic Phenomena" (1981)
- "CP Violation without Strangeness. Electric Dipole Moments of Particles, Atoms, and Molecules" (1997), with S.K.Lamoreaux
- "General Relativity" (2002)
External links
See also
- AkademgorodokAkademgorodokAkademgorodok , is a part of the Russian city Novosibirsk, located 20 km south of the city center. It is the educational and scientific centre of Siberia...