House of Representatives of Puerto Rico
Encyclopedia
The House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico) is the lower house
Lower house
A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power...

 of the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico
Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico
The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico is the territorial legislature of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The structure and responsibilities of the Legislative Assembly are defined in Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico....

, the territorial legislature of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

. The House is composed of 40 district representatives and eleven representatives elected at-large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

.

The House convenes in the Capitol Building in San Juan.

History

Created in 1900 as the House of Delegates under the Foraker Act
Foraker Act
The Foraker Act,officially the Organic Act of 1900, is a United States federal law that established civilian government on the island of Puerto Rico, which had been newly acquired by the United States as a result of the Spanish–American War. Section VII of the Foraker Act also established Puerto...

, the lower body of the Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly was the only elected body until the Senate
Senate of Puerto Rico
The Senate of Puerto Rico is the upper house of the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico, the territorial legislature of Puerto Rico. The Senate is composed of 27 senators, representing eight constituent senatorial districts across the commonwealth, with two senators elected per district; an...

 was created in 1917 under the Jones-Shafroth Act
Jones-Shafroth Act
The Jones–Shafroth Act was a 1917 Act of the United States Congress by which Puerto Ricans were collectively made U.S. citizens, the people of Puerto Rico were empowered to have a popularly-elected Senate, established a bill of rights, and authorized the election of a Resident Commissioner to a...

, creating a bicameral legislature.

The House of Delegates was controlled by the Republican Party from its creation in 1900 through 1904. In January 1905, the House switched to control by the Union Party, which would remain in power until 1924. A coalition of the Republican and Socialist Parties controlled the House until 1944, save for a brief period from 1941 to 1943 of the Popular Democratic Party
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

.

After the Popular Democratic Party's landslide victory in 1944, that Party controlled the House until 1969, when the New Progressive Party
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

 won the House and the governorship, but not the Senate, creating Puerto Rico's first "split" government. Angel Viera Martinez, a former prosecutor and freshman representative from San Juan, was elected to the first of three stints as Speaker.

In 1973, the Popular Democratic Party reacquired control of the House but was ousted as the majority party in the 1976 elections, won by the New Progressive Party. Viera Martinez was elected in 1977 to his second stint as Speaker.

As a result of the 1980 elections, the New Progressive Party had won 26 seats and the Popular Democratic Party 25, but the latter challenged the results of the 35th Representative District, creating a tie with each Party holding 25 seats, pending the final results of that district. Since the new House in 1981 was tied, it was unable to elect a Speaker, as required, by an absolute majority. To complicate matters, Ramón Muñíz (PDP-32nd District) died in the House Floor on January 1981 and Representative-elect Fernando Tonos Florenzán's election was invalidated due to him not having the Constitutionally requiered 25 years to serve in the House, leaving the House with 25 New Progressives and 23 Popular Democrats. House Secretary Cristino Bernazard
Cristino Bernazard
Cristino Bernazard is the only person to have served beyond the inaugural session as an unelected Speaker of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives....

, who normally would have presided over the House only until it elected its new Speaker in its inaugural session, became the first unelected Acting Speaker of the House. During Bernazard's incumbency, he appointed co-chairs to the House standing committees and required that all House decisions and legislation be approved by consensus. After some political wrangling, in what became known as the Viera-Colberg Pact, the House elected Viera Martinez once again as Speaker for the remainder of 1981 and maverick Popular Democratic Rep. Severo Colberg Ramírez as Speaker from 1982 until 1984. In late 1981, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Popular Democratic candidate in the 35th District, and with the Popular Democrats finally filling in the two vacancies they had, that Party gained control of the House, with a mayority of 26.

Even though the Popular Democratic Party retained the House in the 1984 General Elections, Colberg was not re-elected Speaker, and instead José Ronaldo "Rony" Jarabo
José Ronaldo Jarabo
José Ronaldo Jarabo, born and raised by his mother in San Juan, Puerto Rico, was the Speaker of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives from 1985 to 1992, having served as a member of that legislative body for twenty years from 1973 to 1992....

, served as Speaker from 1985 to 1992. Jarabo was defeated in a primary in 1992, and as the New Progressive Party won the 1992 General Elections, he was succeeded by the first woman Speaker, Zaida Hernandez Torres, who served until 1996, when she left the House to run for Mayor of San Juan.

Hernandez's Speaker pro Tempore, Edison Misla Aldarondo, became Speaker in 1997. After he left office in 2000 he was convicted of corruption charges in federal and state courts. He was succeeded in office by Carlos Vizcarrondo during the 2001-2004 term.

In 2005, as a Popular Democratic governor took office, the New Progressive Party controlled the Senate and the House, and José Aponte Hernández, a loyalist of former Governor Pedro Rosselló
Pedro Rosselló
Pedro Juan Rosselló González, M.D., , is a Puerto Rican physician and politician who served as the sixth Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2001...

, was elected as Speaker of the House. In addition to the tension with the executive branch, Aponte's term was been tinged with greater-than-average tension with the Senate, in which his support for Rossello's bid to oust Senate President Kenneth McClintock
Kenneth McClintock
Kenneth D. McClintock-Hernández is the current Secretary of State of Puerto Rico. Mr. McClintock served as co-chair of Hillary Clinton presidential campaign's National Hispanic Leadership Council in 2008, co-chaired Clinton's successful Puerto Rico primary campaign that year and served as the...

, whom he called a "traitor" to his Party, took him to lead over 20 New Progressive representatives to converge on the Senate floor in opposition to McClintock's permanence as Senate President, considered by many the all-time historical low-point in Senate-House relations.

Aponte was defeated for re-election as Speaker in the House Caucus held after the 2008 General Elections, and Jenniffer A. González Colón
Jennifer González
Jenniffer A. González Colón is a Puerto Rican politician who serves as the Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico, a commonwealth with the United States. She is affiliated with the pro-statehood New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico and the United States Republican Party...

 became the new Speaker, taking office on January 12, 2009.

Composition

Puerto Rico is divided into forty representative districts. Article VIII of the Constitution of Puerto Rico
Constitution of Puerto Rico
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is the controlling government document of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It is composed of nine articles detailing the structure of the government as well as the function of several of its institutions. The document also contains an extensive...

 divides Puerto Rico into eight senatorial districts, each one of them composed of five of the aforementioned representative districts.

For each one of the constituent representative districts, the people of Puerto Rico elect one representative. In addition, people are allowed to vote for one representative of their preference at-large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

. The eleven at-large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

 representatives serve alongside district representatives, totaling 51 members.

Article III, Section 5 of the Constitution of Puerto Rico states that no person shall be a member of the House of Representatives unless he:
  • is capable of reading and writing in either Spanish
    Spanish language
    Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...

     or English
    English language
    English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

    ;
  • is a citizen of the United States;
  • has resided in Puerto Rico for at least two years immediately prior to the date of his/her election or appointment;
  • is over twenty-five years of age.


Furthermore, Section 9 of the same Article states that should a Party control more than two-thirds of the seats in the House of Representatives, the losing candidates with the most percentage of votes will be given seats in the Legislature until the total of minority members reaches seventeen (17). In order to qualify to a Section 9 seat, the candidates must belong to a party that received a minimum amount of votes in the General Elections of that year.

Leadership

Position Name Party District
Speaker of the House Jenniffer González Colón  NPP
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

 
At-Large
Speaker Pro Tempore Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló NPP
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

 
District 13
Majority Leader Carlos J. Méndez Núñez NPP
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

 
At-Large
Majority Whip Angel Perez Otero NPP
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

 
District 6
Minority Leader Héctor Ferrer Ríos  PDP
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

 
At-Large
Minority Whip Luis Raúl Torres Cruz PDP
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

 
District 2

Current composition

Affiliation Party Total
New Progressive
New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico
The New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that advocates for Puerto Rico's admission to the United States of America as the 51st state...

Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Independence
Puerto Rican Independence Party
The Puerto Rican Independence Party is a Puerto Rican political party that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from United States suzerainty....

Vacant
End of previous legislature 32 18 1 51 0
Begin 37 17 0 54 0
Latest voting share 72.5% 27.5%

Members

District Name Party
1 José López Muñoz PNP
2 Luis Raúl Torres Cruz PDP
3 Albita Rivera Ramírez
Albita Rivera Ramirez
Albita Rivera Ramirez is a representative in the Puerto Rican House of Representatives for the Third District of San Juan. Rep. Rivera is a member of the NPP or New Progressive Party , which promotes the eventual statehood of the island nation...

PNP
4 Liza Fernández Rodríguez PNP
5 Jorge Navarro Suárez PNP
6 Angel Perez Otero PNP
7 Luis Pérez Ortíz PNP
8 Antonio Silva Delgado PNP
9 Angel Rodríguez Miranda PNP
10 Bernardo Márquez García PNP
11 María Vega Pagán PNP
12 Héctor Torres Calderón PNP
13 Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló PNP
14 Paula Rodríguez Homs PNP
15 Arnaldo Jiménez Valle PNP
16 Eric Alfaro PNP
17 José Rivera Guerra PNP
18 David Bonilla Cortés PNP
19 Carlos Hernández López PDP
20 Norman Ramírez Rivera PNP
21 Lydia Méndez Silva PDP
22 Waldemar Quiles Rodríguez PNP
23 Julissa Nolasco Ortíz PNP
24 Luis León Rodríguez PNP
25 Víctor Vasallo Anadón PDP
26 José Jiménez Negrón PNP
27 José Torres Ramírez PDP
28 Rafael Rivera Ortega PNP
29 Pedro Cintrón Rodríguez PNP
30 Jorge Ramos Peña PNP
31 Sylvia Rodríguez Aponte PDP
32 José Varela Fernández PDP
33 Angel Peña Ramírez PNP
34 Cristóbal Colón Ruiz PNP
35 Narden Jaime Espinosa PDP
36 Carlos Méndez Nuñez PNP
37 Angel Bulerín Ramos PNP
38 Eric Correa Rivera PNP
39 Roberto Rivera Ruiz de Porras PDP
40 Elizabeth Casado Irizarry PNP
At-Large José Chico Vega PNP
At-Large José E. Meléndez Ortiz PNP
At-Large Jenniffer González Colón PNP
At-Large María de Lourdes Ramos Rivera
María L. Ramos Rivera
Maria de Lourdes Ramos Rivera is a Puerto Rican politician who currently serves in the Puerto Rican House of Representatives, elected at-large....

PNP
At-Large Iris Miriam Ruiz Class
Iris Miriam Ruiz
Iris Miriam Ruiz Class is a Puerto Rican politician who served in the Puerto Rico House of Representatives and currently holds the office of Ombudswoman....

PNP
At-Large Héctor Ferrer Ríos PDP
At-Large Jorge Colberg Toro* PDP
At-Large Luis Vega Ramos PDP
At-Large José F. Aponte Hernández PNP
At-Large Carmen Cruz Soto PDP
At-Large Pedro Rodríguez González* PDP
At-Large Rafael Hernández Montañez* PDP
At-Large Brenda López de Arrarás PDP
At-Large Jaime Perelló Borrás PDP


[*] Elected by Addition (Defeated in elections, but holds a seat because of Section 9 of Articule III of the Constitution. See above.)

Speakers

# Portrait Name From Until Party President Pro-Tempore
1 Manuel F. Rossy Calderón December 3, 1900 December 31, 1904 Republican
2 Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón was a lawyer, a member of the Puerto Rican House of Representatives, and a lifelong political contrarian. He favored Puerto Rican autonomy when Puerto Rico was a Spanish colony. After the Spanish-American War, when the island was ceded to the United States, he advocated...

January 10, 1905 December 31, 1906 Union
3 Francisco P. Acuña y Paniagua January 14, 1907 March 6, 1907 Union
4 José de Diego Martínez
José de Diego
José de Diego y Martínez , known as "The Father of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement", was a statesman, journalist, poet, lawyer, and advocate for Puerto Rico's independence from Spain and from the United States....

March 6, 1907 July 16, 1918 Union Juan B. Huyke Bozello
5 Juan B. Huyke Bozello November 26, 1918 December 31, 1920 Union Miguel Guerra Mondragón
6 Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
Cayetano Coll y Cuchí was a politician, writer and an advocate of Puerto Rican Independence. In 1917, he became the first President of Puerto Rico House of Representatives after the island was ceded to the United States by Spain as a result of the Spanish-American War...

February 14, 1921 February 11, 1923 Union Alfonso Lastra Chárriez
7 Miguel Guerra Mondragrón February 12, 1923 December 31, 1924 Union Alfonso Lastra Chárriez
8 José Tous Soto February 9, 1925 February 18, 1930 Republican Miguel Guerra Modragón
1925-1929

Benigno Fernández García
1929-1930
9 Manuel F. Rossy Calderón February 20, 1930 August 6, 1932 Republican Enrique Landrón Otero
1930

Rafael Alonso Torres
1930-1931
10 Rafael Alonso Torres October 18, 1932 December 31, 1932 Socialist Jorge Romaní
11 Miguel A. García Méndez
Miguel A. García Méndez
Miguel Angel García Méndez was a recognized businessman, lawyer, statesman, and banker in Puerto Rico. He was a lifelong statehood supporter for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico...

February 13, 1933 December 31, 1940 Republican Rafael Alonso Torres
12 Samuel R. Quiñones Quiñones
Samuel R. Quiñones
Samuel R. Quiñones was a prominent attorney in Puerto Rico who served for twenty years as the fifth President of the Senate of Puerto Rico, from 1949 to 1968, by far the longest serving Senate President. He had previously served as Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico in the...

February 12, 1941 March 5, 1943 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Luis Sánchez Frasqueri
13 Rafael Arrillaga Torrens March 5, 1943 February 24, 1944 Socialist Julio Reguero González
14 Rafael Rodríguez Pacheco February 24, 1944 December 31, 1944 Republican Julio Reguero González
15 María L. Gómez Garriga January 11, 1945 February 12, 1945 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Guillermo Alicea Campos
16 Francisco M. Susoni Abreu February 12, 1945 June 5, 1948 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Ernesto Ramos Antonini
Ernesto Ramos Antonini
Ernesto Ramos Antonini was the President of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico and co-founder of the Partido Popular Democrático de Puerto Rico .-Early years:...

17 Ernesto Ramos Antonini
Ernesto Ramos Antonini
Ernesto Ramos Antonini was the President of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico and co-founder of the Partido Popular Democrático de Puerto Rico .-Early years:...

June 22, 1948 January 9, 1963 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Benjamín Ortiz Ortiz
1949-1952

María L. Gómez Garriga
1953-1956

Jorge Font Saldaña
1957-1962
18 Santiago Polanco Abreu
Santiago Polanco Abreu
Santiago Polanco-Abreu was a Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico.Born in Bayamón, Puerto Rico, Polanco-Abreu attended elementary and high schools in Isabela, Puerto Rico....

January 14, 1963 December 31, 1964 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Benjamín Ortiz Ortiz
19 Arcilio Alvarado Alvarado January 11, 1965 December 31, 1968 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Aguedo Mojica
20 Angel Viera Martínez
Angel Viera Martínez
Attorney Angel Viera Martínez was a prominent pro-statehood public servant in Puerto Rico during the second half of the 20th century.He began his public service as a prosecutor. In 1968 he ran as a candidate for state representative under the banner of the New Progressive Party, which he helped...

January 13, 1969 December 31, 1972 New Progressive Rubén Otero Bosco
1969-1970

José E. Salichs Lope de Haro
1970-1972
21 Luis E. Ramos Yordán January 8, 1973 December 31, 1976 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Severo Colberg Ramírez
22 Angel Viera Martínez
Angel Viera Martínez
Attorney Angel Viera Martínez was a prominent pro-statehood public servant in Puerto Rico during the second half of the 20th century.He began his public service as a prosecutor. In 1968 he ran as a candidate for state representative under the banner of the New Progressive Party, which he helped...

January 10, 1977 January 28, 1982 New Progressive José N. Granados Navedos
José Granados
José Granados Navedo, , is a former Speaker Pro Tem of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico. Married, with three children, he lives with his family in Florida.-Early years:...


1977 - 1978

José E. Salichs Lope de Haro
1978 - December 31, 1980

Severo Colberg Ramírez
1981 - 1982
23 Severo Colberg Ramírez January 28, 1982 December 31, 1984 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Presby Santiago García
24 José R. Jarabo Alvarez
José Ronaldo Jarabo
José Ronaldo Jarabo, born and raised by his mother in San Juan, Puerto Rico, was the Speaker of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives from 1985 to 1992, having served as a member of that legislative body for twenty years from 1973 to 1992....

January 14, 1985 December 31, 1992 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Samuel Ramírez Torres
25 Zaida R. Hernández Torres
Zaida R. Hernández Torres
Zaida R. Hernández Torres: is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the Speaker of the Puerto Rican House of Representatives from 1993 to 1996...

January 11, 1993 December 31, 1996 New Progressive Edison Misla Aldarondo
Edison Misla Aldarondo
Edison Misla Aldarondo is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the Speaker of the Puerto Rican House of Representatives from 1997 to 2000. He was a founder of the pro-statehood New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico . He also served as Representative from the 4th District from 1977 to 2002, and...

26 Edison Misla Aldarondo
Edison Misla Aldarondo
Edison Misla Aldarondo is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the Speaker of the Puerto Rican House of Representatives from 1997 to 2000. He was a founder of the pro-statehood New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico . He also served as Representative from the 4th District from 1977 to 2002, and...

January 13, 1997 December 31, 2000 New Progressive José N. Granados Navedos
José Granados
José Granados Navedo, , is a former Speaker Pro Tem of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico. Married, with three children, he lives with his family in Florida.-Early years:...


January 1997 - June 30, 1999

Edwin Mundo Ríos
June 30, 1999 - December 31, 2000
27 Carlos Vizcarrondo Irizarry January 8, 2001 December 31, 2004 Popular Democratic
Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico
The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

Ferdinand Pérez Román
28 José F. Aponte Hernández January 10, 2005 December 31, 2008 New Progressive Epifanio Jiménez Cruz
29 Jenniffer A. González Colón January 12, 2009 present New Progressive Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló

See also


External links

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