Hezekiah Haynes
Encyclopedia
Hezekiah Haynes supported the parliamentary cause during the English Civil War
rising to the rank of major. During the Interregnum, under the patronage of his war time commander General Charles Fleetwood
, he held a number of administrative posts in the under the early Commonwealth and Protectorate. He supported his old general during the late Commonwealth, and after spending 18 months in prison during the first couple of years of the Restoration, he retired to the family estate of Copford Hall in Essex
.
. At the outbreak of war he took a captains commission in Colonel Holborne's
regiment of foot. He transferred to Charles Fleetwood's
cavalry regiment and by 1645 had risen to the rank of major. He fought at Battle of Preston
in 1648, commanded the regiment at the Battle of Dunbar
in 1650 and may well have fought at Worcester
in the last battle of the Civil War.
During the Interregnum he held a number of administrative posts, all of them in and around his home region of East Anglia
. From August 1655 until January 1657 while England and Wales were under the rule of the Major-Generals
, he was a deputy to Charles Fleetwood
, along with George Fleetwood
and William Packer
. Each carried out the day to day administration in different counties in the region assigned to their governor.
After the death of Oliver Cromwell
, Haynes supported the Wallingford House party
when they overthrew Richard Cromwell
and in 1659 introduced the short lived second Commonwealth. In December, shortly before the Restoration, the Rump Parliament ordered him to leave London and return home, but chose not to. In November 1660 he was arrested on suspicion of subversion, and held in the Tower of London for 18 months. He was released in April 1662 upon payment of a £5,000 bond for his future good behaviour. He retired to his family estate of Copford Hall and lived quietly until his death on 26 August 1693.
of Copford Hall in Essex
and Mary Thornton, daughter of Robert Thornton of Nottingham. In the early 1650s he married Anne, daughter of Thomas Smithsby, the former saddler to Charles I. They had at least one son.
Haynes passed family seat of Copford Hall over to his son in 1684, and moved to Coggeshall where he died in 1693.
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
rising to the rank of major. During the Interregnum, under the patronage of his war time commander General Charles Fleetwood
Charles Fleetwood
Charles Fleetwood was an English Parliamentary soldier and politician, Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1652–55, where he enforced the Cromwellian Settlement. At the Restoration he was included in the Act of Indemnity as among the twenty liable to penalties other than capital, and was finally...
, he held a number of administrative posts in the under the early Commonwealth and Protectorate. He supported his old general during the late Commonwealth, and after spending 18 months in prison during the first couple of years of the Restoration, he retired to the family estate of Copford Hall in Essex
Essex
Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west...
.
Biography
Haynes supported the parliamentary cause during the English Civil WarEnglish Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
. At the outbreak of war he took a captains commission in Colonel Holborne's
James Holborne of Menstrie
Major General Sir James Holborne of Menstrie was a Scottish soldier during the years of the English Civil War. Although he initially fought on the side of the English Parliament, he later became a senior officer in the Scottish Army, fighting against Cromwell...
regiment of foot. He transferred to Charles Fleetwood's
Charles Fleetwood
Charles Fleetwood was an English Parliamentary soldier and politician, Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1652–55, where he enforced the Cromwellian Settlement. At the Restoration he was included in the Act of Indemnity as among the twenty liable to penalties other than capital, and was finally...
cavalry regiment and by 1645 had risen to the rank of major. He fought at Battle of Preston
Battle of Preston (1648)
The Battle of Preston , fought largely at Walton-le-Dale near Preston in Lancashire, resulted in a victory by the troops of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by the Duke of Hamilton...
in 1648, commanded the regiment at the Battle of Dunbar
Battle of Dunbar (1650)
The Battle of Dunbar was a battle of the Third English Civil War. The English Parliamentarian forces under Oliver Cromwell defeated a Scottish army commanded by David Leslie which was loyal to King Charles II, who had been proclaimed King of Scots on 5 February 1649.-Background:The English...
in 1650 and may well have fought at Worcester
Battle of Worcester
The Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 at Worcester, England and was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalist, predominantly Scottish, forces of King Charles II...
in the last battle of the Civil War.
During the Interregnum he held a number of administrative posts, all of them in and around his home region of East Anglia
East Anglia
East Anglia is a traditional name for a region of eastern England, named after an ancient Anglo-Saxon kingdom, the Kingdom of the East Angles. The Angles took their name from their homeland Angeln, in northern Germany. East Anglia initially consisted of Norfolk and Suffolk, but upon the marriage of...
. From August 1655 until January 1657 while England and Wales were under the rule of the Major-Generals
Rule of the Major-Generals
The Rule of the Major-Generals from August 1655 – January 1657, was a period of direct military government during Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate.England was divided into 10 regions each governed by a Major-General who answered to the Lord Protector....
, he was a deputy to Charles Fleetwood
Charles Fleetwood
Charles Fleetwood was an English Parliamentary soldier and politician, Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1652–55, where he enforced the Cromwellian Settlement. At the Restoration he was included in the Act of Indemnity as among the twenty liable to penalties other than capital, and was finally...
, along with George Fleetwood
George Fleetwood (regicide)
George Fleetwood was an English Major-General and one of the Regicides of King Charles I of England.Fleetwood was one of the commissioners for trial of Charles I, 1648–9; member of last Commonwealth Council of State and M.P...
and William Packer
William Packer (Major-General)
William Packer was a Major-General during the English Civil War.Enlisted in the Eastern Association army; by 1644 he was a zealous Lieutenant in Oliver Cromwell's cavalry regiment. As a religious radical, Packer clashed with Major-General Lawrence Crawford, who had him arrested for disobedience...
. Each carried out the day to day administration in different counties in the region assigned to their governor.
After the death of Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
, Haynes supported the Wallingford House party
Wallingford House party
The Wallingford House party were a group of senior officers of the New Model Army who met at Wallingford House, the London home of Charles Fleetwood. They overthrew the Protectorate of the Lord Protector Richard Cromwell....
when they overthrew Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell
At the same time, the officers of the New Model Army became increasingly wary about the government's commitment to the military cause. The fact that Richard Cromwell lacked military credentials grated with men who had fought on the battlefields of the English Civil War to secure their nation's...
and in 1659 introduced the short lived second Commonwealth. In December, shortly before the Restoration, the Rump Parliament ordered him to leave London and return home, but chose not to. In November 1660 he was arrested on suspicion of subversion, and held in the Tower of London for 18 months. He was released in April 1662 upon payment of a £5,000 bond for his future good behaviour. He retired to his family estate of Copford Hall and lived quietly until his death on 26 August 1693.
Family
Haynes was the second son of John HaynesJohn Haynes
John Haynes , also sometimes spelled Haines, was a colonial magistrate and one of the founders of the Connecticut Colony...
of Copford Hall in Essex
Essex
Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west...
and Mary Thornton, daughter of Robert Thornton of Nottingham. In the early 1650s he married Anne, daughter of Thomas Smithsby, the former saddler to Charles I. They had at least one son.
Haynes passed family seat of Copford Hall over to his son in 1684, and moved to Coggeshall where he died in 1693.