Gaoyou-Shaobo Campaign
Encyclopedia
Gaoyou-Shaobo Campaign was a campaign fought at the Gaoyou and the region between Gaoyou and Shaobo (邵伯) in Jiangsu
, and it was a clash between the communists and the former nationalists
turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalists
after World War II
, and their Japanese ally. The campaign is also known as Gaoyou Campaign (高邮战役) for short, and it was one of the Chinese Civil War
in the immediate post World War II
era resulted in communist
victory.
Communist
.
The communist control of Shaobo (邵伯) ensured the escape route of the defenders of Gaoyou was severed, and a line of communist defense against possible nationalist reinforcement to Gaoyou from Yangzhou
and Taizhou, Jiangsu
had formed along the Shaobo (邵伯) – Dinggou (丁沟) regions, manned by the communist 7th Column which took the town of Shaobo (邵伯). By December 21, 1945, the communist 8th Column had taken all nationalist strongholds outside the city wall, and launched heavy political propaganda offensives against the defenders of Gaoyou while making the preparation to take the city at the same time.
In the evening of December 25, 1945, communist attackers launched their assault on the city in the heavy rain from three directions: northwest, east and south. The attackers succeeded in driving the defenders from the city wall after climbing the walls with ladders, and as the main force of the communist 8th Column fought their way into the city, the defenders were completely annihilated. By the early morning of December 26, 1945, the Japanese brigade headquarter in the city was taken and the remaining defenders consisted of mostly Japanese troops ceased their resistance and surrendered. In the meantime, the communist 7th Column also had successfully driven back the nationalist reinforcement from Yangzhou
.
The nationalist forces were not very enthusiastic about reinforcing their former enemy at Gaoyou, and those from Yangzhou
did not put too much fight and withdrew back to Yangzhou
soon, while those nationalist troops from Taizhou, Jiangsu
did not even bother to send out anyone to reinforce Gaoyou. Nonetheless, the nationalists had suffered a great debacle in winning popular support from local populace for attempting to reinforce their former enemy, the Japanese invaders and their puppet regime force. The communists, on the other hands, not only achieved a great popularity victory, but also succeeded in capturing more than 80 artillery pieces, over 6,000 firearms, and inflicted over 1,100 casualties on the Japanese, plus another 4,000+ casualties on the Japanese puppet regime force.
Jiangsu
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. The name comes from jiang, short for the city of Jiangning , and su, for the city of Suzhou. The abbreviation for this province is "苏" , the second character of its name...
, and it was a clash between the communists and the former nationalists
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalists
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, and their Japanese ally. The campaign is also known as Gaoyou Campaign (高邮战役) for short, and it was one of the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...
in the immediate post World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
era resulted in communist
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
victory.
Order of battle
Nationalist- 7 Regiments of 42nd Division of the former nationalistsKuomintangThe Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalistsKuomintangThe Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused... - 3 Battalions of the Japanese 90th Brigade
- Nationalist troops stationed at YangzhouYangzhouYangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
Communist
- 8th Column
- 7th Column
Campaign
The campaign begun on December 19, 1945 when Japanese and their puppet regime forces occupying Gaoyou refused to surrender to the local communist force which then decided to take the city by force. By next day, Shaobo (邵伯), the important town in the south had fallen into communist hands in the Battle of ShaoboBattle of Shaobo
The battle of Shaobo was a battle fought in the Shaobo region in central Jiangsu, and it was a clash between the communists and the former nationalists turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalists after World War II, and it is a prelude to Gaoyou Campaign...
.
The communist control of Shaobo (邵伯) ensured the escape route of the defenders of Gaoyou was severed, and a line of communist defense against possible nationalist reinforcement to Gaoyou from Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
and Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province of eastern China. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it borders Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west....
had formed along the Shaobo (邵伯) – Dinggou (丁沟) regions, manned by the communist 7th Column which took the town of Shaobo (邵伯). By December 21, 1945, the communist 8th Column had taken all nationalist strongholds outside the city wall, and launched heavy political propaganda offensives against the defenders of Gaoyou while making the preparation to take the city at the same time.
In the evening of December 25, 1945, communist attackers launched their assault on the city in the heavy rain from three directions: northwest, east and south. The attackers succeeded in driving the defenders from the city wall after climbing the walls with ladders, and as the main force of the communist 8th Column fought their way into the city, the defenders were completely annihilated. By the early morning of December 26, 1945, the Japanese brigade headquarter in the city was taken and the remaining defenders consisted of mostly Japanese troops ceased their resistance and surrendered. In the meantime, the communist 7th Column also had successfully driven back the nationalist reinforcement from Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
.
The nationalist forces were not very enthusiastic about reinforcing their former enemy at Gaoyou, and those from Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
did not put too much fight and withdrew back to Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
soon, while those nationalist troops from Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province of eastern China. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it borders Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west....
did not even bother to send out anyone to reinforce Gaoyou. Nonetheless, the nationalists had suffered a great debacle in winning popular support from local populace for attempting to reinforce their former enemy, the Japanese invaders and their puppet regime force. The communists, on the other hands, not only achieved a great popularity victory, but also succeeded in capturing more than 80 artillery pieces, over 6,000 firearms, and inflicted over 1,100 casualties on the Japanese, plus another 4,000+ casualties on the Japanese puppet regime force.
See also
- List of Battles of Chinese Civil War
- National Revolutionary ArmyNational Revolutionary ArmyThe National Revolutionary Army , pre-1928 sometimes shortened to 革命軍 or Revolutionary Army and between 1928-1947 as 國軍 or National Army was the Military Arm of the Kuomintang from 1925 until 1947, as well as the national army of the Republic of China during the KMT's period of party rule...
- History of the People's Liberation ArmyHistory of the People's Liberation ArmyThe history of the People's Liberation Army began in 1927 with the start of the Chinese Civil War and spans to the present, having developed from a peasant guerrilla force into the largest armed force in the world.-Historical background:...
- Chinese Civil WarChinese Civil WarThe Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...