Friedrich Erismann
Encyclopedia
Friedrich Huldreich Erismann (14 November 1842 - 13 November 1915) was a Swiss ophthalmologist and hygienist who was born in Gontenschwil
. In 1867 he earned his medical doctorate at the University of Zurich
, and subsequently furthered his studies in ophthalmology in Heidelberg
, Vienna
and Berlin
. In 1869 he became an ophthalmologist in St. Petersburg, and several years later participated in the Russo-Turkish War. In 1867 he married Nadezhda Suslova
.
Following the war he moved to Moscow
, where in 1881 he became a lecturer at the University of Moscow, and in 1884 was a professor of hygiene
and director at the institute of hygiene. Erismann was a pioneer of scientific hygiene in Russia, and sought to improve water quality and food standards in St. Petersburg and Moscow. At the University of Moscow, one of his students was playwright
Anton Chekhov
. In 1896 Erismann was dismissed from his position at Moscow for political reasons, as he expressed support of student revolutionaries and denounced the living conditions of the Russian people. Afterwards, he returned to Switzerland and became involved with political and health issues in Zurich
.
Gontenschwil
Gontenschwil is a municipality in the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Gontenschwil is first mentioned in 1173 as Gundoltswilre in a grant to the monastery at Beromünster. In 1236, ownership of part of village went to Engelberg Abbey, in 1266 it transferred to the...
. In 1867 he earned his medical doctorate at the University of Zurich
University of Zurich
The University of Zurich , located in the city of Zurich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with over 25,000 students. It was founded in 1833 from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine and a new faculty of philosophy....
, and subsequently furthered his studies in ophthalmology in Heidelberg
Heidelberg
-Early history:Between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, "Heidelberg Man" died at nearby Mauer. His jaw bone was discovered in 1907; with scientific dating, his remains were determined to be the earliest evidence of human life in Europe. In the 5th century BC, a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of...
, Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
and Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. In 1869 he became an ophthalmologist in St. Petersburg, and several years later participated in the Russo-Turkish War. In 1867 he married Nadezhda Suslova
Nadezhda Suslova
Nadezhda Prokofyevna Suslova was Russia's first female physician and a sister of Polina Suslova. She worked as a gynecologist in Nizhny Novgorod, was involved in many charity efforts.- Early life :...
.
Following the war he moved to Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, where in 1881 he became a lecturer at the University of Moscow, and in 1884 was a professor of hygiene
Hygiene
Hygiene refers to the set of practices perceived by a community to be associated with the preservation of health and healthy living. While in modern medical sciences there is a set of standards of hygiene recommended for different situations, what is considered hygienic or not can vary between...
and director at the institute of hygiene. Erismann was a pioneer of scientific hygiene in Russia, and sought to improve water quality and food standards in St. Petersburg and Moscow. At the University of Moscow, one of his students was playwright
Playwright
A playwright, also called a dramatist, is a person who writes plays.The term is not a variant spelling of "playwrite", but something quite distinct: the word wright is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder...
Anton Chekhov
Anton Chekhov
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a Russian physician, dramatist and author who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short stories in history. His career as a dramatist produced four classics and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics...
. In 1896 Erismann was dismissed from his position at Moscow for political reasons, as he expressed support of student revolutionaries and denounced the living conditions of the Russian people. Afterwards, he returned to Switzerland and became involved with political and health issues in Zurich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
.