Esioff-Léon Patenaude
Encyclopedia
Esioff-Léon Patenaude, PC
, KC, often called E.L. Patenaude (February 12, 1875 – February 7, 1963) was a Canadian politician and statesman who served as the 17th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
. Born in Saint-Isidore, Quebec
, in 1875, he studied law at Université Laval
and was called to the Quebec bar
in 1899. He established a successful law practice and was soon drawn to politics, serving as a chief organizer for the Conservative Party of Canada
in Montreal
.
He was first elected to the Quebec National Assembly as a Conservative in La Prairie
in the 1908 provincial election
, and was re-elected in the 1912 election
. In 1915, he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons
in a by-election, and joined the government of Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden
as Minister of Inland Revenue. He served in that position until early 1917, when he was appointed as Secretary of State and Minister of Mines. In July, however, Patenaude resigned from the Canadian Cabinet in protest of the government's decision to implement conscription
. He chose not to seek re-election in the 1917 federal election
. When Arthur Meighen
became Prime Minister in 1920, he offered Patenaude a seat in cabinet, which the latter declined.
Returning to provincial politics, Patenaude was re-elected to the Quebec National Assembly in Jacques-Cartier in 1923. In 1925, however, Meighen persuaded Patenaude to return to federal politics as his Quebec lieutenant
. He was given almost exclusive authority over the Conservative Party's campaign in Quebec during the 1925 federal election
as Meighen's Quebec lieutenant
. Patenaude proved, however, to be little match for Ernest Lapointe
and the Liberal Party of Canada
, securing only 4 seats in the province. Patenaude, who had resigned his seat in the Quebec National Assembly to contest the election, was himself defeated.
Despite this setback, Patenaude continued to enjoy the favour of Meighen. When Meighen formed a second government in 1926, he appointed Patenaude as Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada. Patenaude led the Conservative Party in Quebec for a second time during the 1926 federal election
, but again fared poorly and was personally defeated.
In 1934, the Governor General of Canada
, on the advice of Prime Minister Richard Bedford Bennett, appointed Patenaude as Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec, a position in which he served until his retirement from public life in 1940. In his later years, he experienced a successful career as a banker and businessman.
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Queen's Privy Council for Canada
The Queen's Privy Council for Canada ), sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council, is the full group of personal consultants to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs, though responsible government requires the sovereign or her viceroy,...
, KC, often called E.L. Patenaude (February 12, 1875 – February 7, 1963) was a Canadian politician and statesman who served as the 17th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
The Lieutenant Governor of Quebec : Lieutenant-gouverneur du Québec, or : Lieutenant-gouverneure du Québec) is the viceregal representative in Quebec of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions...
. Born in Saint-Isidore, Quebec
Quebec
Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
, in 1875, he studied law at Université Laval
Université Laval
Laval University is the oldest centre of education in Canada and was the first institution in North America to offer higher education in French...
and was called to the Quebec bar
Barreau du Quebec
The Bar of Quebec is the provincial law society for lawyers in Quebec, Canada...
in 1899. He established a successful law practice and was soon drawn to politics, serving as a chief organizer for the Conservative Party of Canada
Conservative Party of Canada (historical)
The Conservative Party of Canada has gone by a variety of names over the years since Canadian Confederation. Initially known as the "Liberal-Conservative Party", it dropped "Liberal" from its name in 1873, although many of its candidates continued to use this name.As a result of World War I and the...
in Montreal
Montreal
Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
.
He was first elected to the Quebec National Assembly as a Conservative in La Prairie
La Prairie (provincial electoral district)
La Prairie is a provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. The riding was created in 1972 from parts of Chambly and Napierville-Laprairie. La Prairie previously existed from 1867 to 1919...
in the 1908 provincial election
Quebec general election, 1908
The Quebec general election of 1908 was held on June 8, 1908 to elect members of the 12th Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada...
, and was re-elected in the 1912 election
Quebec general election, 1912
The Quebec general election of 1912 was held on May 15, 1912 to elect members of the 13th Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada...
. In 1915, he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons
Canadian House of Commons
The House of Commons of Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign and the Senate. The House of Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 308 members known as Members of Parliament...
in a by-election, and joined the government of Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden
Robert Borden
Sir Robert Laird Borden, PC, GCMG, KC was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He served as the eighth Prime Minister of Canada from October 10, 1911 to July 10, 1920, and was the third Nova Scotian to hold this office...
as Minister of Inland Revenue. He served in that position until early 1917, when he was appointed as Secretary of State and Minister of Mines. In July, however, Patenaude resigned from the Canadian Cabinet in protest of the government's decision to implement conscription
Conscription
Conscription is the compulsory enlistment of people in some sort of national service, most often military service. Conscription dates back to antiquity and continues in some countries to the present day under various names...
. He chose not to seek re-election in the 1917 federal election
Canadian federal election, 1917
The 1917 Canadian federal election was held on December 17, 1917, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 13th Parliament of Canada. Described by historian Michael Bliss as the "most bitter election in Canadian history", it was fought mainly over the issue of conscription...
. When Arthur Meighen
Arthur Meighen
Arthur Meighen, PC, QC was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He served two terms as the ninth Prime Minister of Canada: from July 10, 1920 to December 29, 1921; and from June 29 to September 25, 1926. He was the first Prime Minister born after Confederation, and the only one to represent a riding...
became Prime Minister in 1920, he offered Patenaude a seat in cabinet, which the latter declined.
Returning to provincial politics, Patenaude was re-elected to the Quebec National Assembly in Jacques-Cartier in 1923. In 1925, however, Meighen persuaded Patenaude to return to federal politics as his Quebec lieutenant
Quebec lieutenant
In Canadian politics, a Quebec lieutenant is a politician, from Quebec, usually a francophone and most often a Member of Parliament or at least a current or former candidate for Parliament, who is selected by a senior politician such as the Prime Minister or the leader of a national federal party,...
. He was given almost exclusive authority over the Conservative Party's campaign in Quebec during the 1925 federal election
Canadian federal election, 1925
The Canadian federal election of 1925 was held on October 29 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 15th Parliament of Canada. Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King's Liberal Party formed a minority government. This precipitated the "King-Byng Affair".The Liberals under...
as Meighen's Quebec lieutenant
Quebec lieutenant
In Canadian politics, a Quebec lieutenant is a politician, from Quebec, usually a francophone and most often a Member of Parliament or at least a current or former candidate for Parliament, who is selected by a senior politician such as the Prime Minister or the leader of a national federal party,...
. Patenaude proved, however, to be little match for Ernest Lapointe
Ernest Lapointe
Ernest Lapointe, PC was a Canadian lawyer and politician.-Education, early career:Lapointe earned his law degree from Laval University...
and the Liberal Party of Canada
Liberal Party of Canada
The Liberal Party of Canada , colloquially known as the Grits, is the oldest federally registered party in Canada. In the conventional political spectrum, the party sits between the centre and the centre-left. Historically the Liberal Party has positioned itself to the left of the Conservative...
, securing only 4 seats in the province. Patenaude, who had resigned his seat in the Quebec National Assembly to contest the election, was himself defeated.
Despite this setback, Patenaude continued to enjoy the favour of Meighen. When Meighen formed a second government in 1926, he appointed Patenaude as Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada. Patenaude led the Conservative Party in Quebec for a second time during the 1926 federal election
Canadian federal election, 1926
The Canadian federal election of 1926 was held on September 14 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 16th Parliament of Canada. The election was called following an event known as the King-Byng Affair...
, but again fared poorly and was personally defeated.
In 1934, the Governor General of Canada
Governor General of Canada
The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
, on the advice of Prime Minister Richard Bedford Bennett, appointed Patenaude as Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec, a position in which he served until his retirement from public life in 1940. In his later years, he experienced a successful career as a banker and businessman.
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