Endemic birds of the West Indies
Encyclopedia
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism
among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds
.
are endemic to the region:
Five genera found only on Hispaniola:
Five genera found only on Jamaica
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One genus found only on Puerto Rico
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Three genera found only on Cuba
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The following genera are confined to the Lesser Antilles
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In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to the West Indies:
has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas in the West Indies.
They have also defined the following Secondary Areas:
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as non-breeding species:
The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:
The following seabirds are restricted to the region as breeders:
Endemic (ecology)
Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, all species of lemur are endemic to the...
among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds
Endemism in birds
An endemic bird area is a region of the world that contains two or more restricted-range species, while a "secondary area" contains one or more restricted-range species. Both terms were devised by Birdlife International....
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Patterns of endemism
This region is notable not just for the high number of endemic species, but for endemism in higher-level taxonomic groupings too.Family-level endemism
The following familiesFamily (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
are endemic to the region:
- PalmchatPalmchatThe Palmchat is a small, long-tailed passerine bird, the only species in the genus Dulus and the family Dulidae. It is thought to be related to the waxwings, family Bombycillidae, and is sometimes classified with that group...
, a passerine family, containing a single species found only on HispaniolaHispaniolaHispaniola is a major island in the Caribbean, containing the two sovereign states of the Dominican Republic and Haiti. The island is located between the islands of Cuba to the west and Puerto Rico to the east, within the hurricane belt...
. - the TodiesTodyThe todies are a family, Todidae, of Caribbean birds in the order Coraciiformes, which also includes the kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers. The family has one genus, Todus...
, a family with five species, found only on the Greater AntillesGreater AntillesThe Greater Antilles are one of three island groups in the Caribbean. Comprising Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola , and Puerto Rico, the Greater Antilles constitute almost 90% of the land mass of the entire West Indies.-Greater Antilles in context :The islands of the Caribbean Sea, collectively known as...
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Genus-level endemism
In addition to genera in the families above, the following genera are endemic to the region :- Margarops, with one species, the Pearly-eyed ThrasherPearly-eyed ThrasherThe Pearly-eyed Thrasher is a bird found in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, the Bahamas and Antilles. Its genus, Margarops, is considered monotypic today; formerly the Scaly-breasted Thrasher was placed here too...
- Priotelus, with two species, the Cuban TrogonCuban TrogonThe Cuban Trogon or Tocororo is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Cuba, where it is also the national bird....
and Hispaniolan TrogonHispaniolan TrogonThe Hispaniolan Trogon is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family. It is the national bird of Haiti. It is found on the island of Hispaniola shared by Haiti and the neighboring Dominican Republic. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and what is now heavily...
Five genera found only on Hispaniola:
- Nesoctites, with one species, the Antillean PiculetAntillean PiculetThe Antillean Piculet is a species of bird in the woodpecker family Picidae. It is monotypic within the genus Nesoctites. The species is evolutionarily distinct from the other piculets and is afforded its own subfamily Nesoctitinae. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola...
- Phaenicophilus, with two species, Black-crownedBlack-crowned Palm-tanagerThe Black-crowned Palm-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti....
and Grey-crowned Palm-tanagerGrey-crowned Palm-tanagerThe Grey-crowned Palm-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti....
s - Calyptophilus, with two species, Eastern Chat-tanagerEastern Chat-tanagerThe Eastern Chat-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found on the island of Hispaniola where it is now restricted to central and southern parts of the Dominican Republic. It formerly also occurred on the Samaná Peninsula as well as on Gonâve Island in Haiti...
and Western Chat-tanagerWestern Chat-tanagerThe Western Chat-tanager is a passerine bird belonging to the tanager family, Thraupidae. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the West Indies. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the Eastern Chat-tanager but is now usually considered to be a separate species... - Microligea, with one species, the Green-tailed WarblerGreen-tailed WarblerThe Green-tailed Warbler , also known as the Green-tailed Ground Warbler, is a species of songbird endemic to the island of Hispaniola and adjacent islets....
- Xenoligea, with one species, the White-winged WarblerWhite-winged WarblerThe White-winged Warbler , also called Hispaniolan Highland-tanager, is a species of bird formerly classified in the Parulidae family. It is the only member of the genus Xenoligea, and is found solely in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, which share the island of Hispaniola.The bird is...
Five genera found only on Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic...
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- Pseudoscops, with a single species, the Jamaican OwlJamaican OwlThe Jamaican Owl is a medium-sized tawny colored owl that is endemic to the island of Jamaica. It is considered by some the only member of its genus Pseudoscops, while other authorities include in it the Striped Owl. It has dark brown barring, flecking and streaks and its amber facial disk is...
- Trochilus, with two species, Red-billed and Black-billed StreamertailBlack-billed StreamertailThe Black-billed Streamertail is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is endemic to eastern Jamaica. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of Trochilus polytmus.-References:...
s - Loxipasser, with one species, the Yellow-shouldered GrassquitYellow-shouldered GrassquitThe Yellow-shouldered Grassquit is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. Sometimes classified in the bunting and American sparrow family Emberizidae, more recent studies have shown it to belong in the tanager family. It is monotypic within the genus Loxipasser. It is endemic to Jamaica...
- Euneornis, with one species, the OrangequitOrangequitThe Orangequit is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is the only member of the genus Euneornis. It is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004....
- Nesopsar, with one species, the Jamaican BlackbirdJamaican BlackbirdThe Jamaican Blackbird is a species of bird in the New World blackbird and oriole family Icteridae. It is the only species in the genus Nesopsar...
One genus found only on Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...
:
- Nesospingus, a genus with only one species, the Puerto Rican TanagerPuerto Rican TanagerThe Puerto Rican Tanager is a small passerine bird endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico. It is the only member of the Nesospingus genus of the tanager family....
Three genera found only on Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
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- Ferminia, a genus with only one species, the Zapata WrenZapata WrenThe Zapata Wren, Ferminia cerverai, is a medium sized grayish-brown bird that lives in dense shrubs of the Zapata Swamp, Cuba. It is the only member of the monotypical genus Ferminia....
- Cyanolimnas, with one species, the Zapata RailZapata RailThe Zapata Rail is a 29 cm long, dark-coloured rail, the only member of the monotypic genus Cyanolimnas. It has brown upperparts, greyish-blue underparts, a red-based yellow bill, white undertail coverts, and red eyes and legs. Its short wings render it almost flightless...
- Torreornis, with one species, the Zapata SparrowZapata SparrowThe Zapata Sparrow, Torreornis inexpectata, is a medium sized grey and yellow bird that lives in the grasslands of the Zapata Swamp and elsewhere on the island of Cuba. Measuring about in length, it is grey and yellow overall with a dark reddish-brown crown and olive-grey upperparts.The Zapata...
- Xiphidiopicus, with one species, the Cuban Green WoodpeckerCuban Green WoodpeckerThe Cuban Green Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Xiphidiopicus.It is endemic to Cuba....
The following genera are confined to the Lesser Antilles
Lesser Antilles
The Lesser Antilles are a long, partly volcanic island arc in the Western Hemisphere. Most of its islands form the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean, with the remainder located in the southern Caribbean just north of South America...
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- Ramphocinclus, with a single species, the White-breasted ThrasherWhite-breasted ThrasherThe White-breasted Thrasher is a species of bird in the Mimidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Ramphocinclus.It is found in Martinique and Saint Lucia....
- Cinclocerthia, with two species, the Gray Trembler and the Brown TremblerBrown TremblerThe Brown Trembler is a species of bird in the Mimidae family. Northern birds from Guadeloupe northwards may represent a separate species from those on Dominica and St. Vincent....
- Allenia, with one species, the Scaly-breasted ThrasherScaly-breasted ThrasherThe Scaly-breasted Thrasher is a species of bird in the Mimidae family found in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles. It was formerly united with the Pearly-eyed Thrasher in Margarops but now is again placed in the monotypic genus Allenia.It is found in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada,...
In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to the West Indies:
Endemic Bird Areas
Birdlife InternationalBirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...
has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas in the West Indies.
| 025 | Cuba Cuba The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city... |
| 026 | Bahamas |
| 027 | Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic... |
| 028 | Hispaniola Hispaniola Hispaniola is a major island in the Caribbean, containing the two sovereign states of the Dominican Republic and Haiti. The island is located between the islands of Cuba to the west and Puerto Rico to the east, within the hurricane belt... |
| 029 | Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an... and the Virgin Islands Virgin Islands The Virgin Islands are the western island group of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles, which form the border between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean... |
| 030 | Lesser Antilles Lesser Antilles The Lesser Antilles are a long, partly volcanic island arc in the Western Hemisphere. Most of its islands form the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean, with the remainder located in the southern Caribbean just north of South America... |
They have also defined the following Secondary Areas:
Species endemic to Cuba
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Bare-legged Owl The Bare-legged Owl or Cuban Screech Owl is a species of owl in the Strigidae family that is endemic to Cuba. It belongs to the monotypic genus Gymnoglaux.... Cuban Pygmy-owl The Cuban Pygmy Owl is a species of owl in the Strigidae family that is endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats are dry forests, moist forests, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:... Bee Hummingbird The Bee Hummingbird or Zunzuncito is a species of hummingbird that is endemic to Cuba and Isla de la Juventud... Cuban Trogon The Cuban Trogon or Tocororo is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Cuba, where it is also the national bird.... Cuban Tody The Cuban Tody is a bird species in the family Todidae that is restricted to Cuba and adjacent islands. The species is characterized by small size , large head relative to body size, and a thin, pointed bill... Cuban Green Woodpecker The Cuban Green Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Xiphidiopicus.It is endemic to Cuba.... Fernandina's Flicker Fernandina's Flicker is a species of bird in the woodpecker family. Endemic to Cuba, its small population of 600–800 birds makes it one of the most endangered species of woodpecker in the world; only the possibly-extinct Ivory-billed Woodpecker is known to have a smaller population... |
Giant Kingbird The Giant Kingbird is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to Cuba, although there are historical records of it on other islands... Cuban Martin The Cuban Martin, Progne cryptoleuca, is a large swallow endemic to Cuba.It is closely related to the Caribbean Martin, P. dominicensis which breeds on Caribbean islands from Jamaica east to Tobago, and the P. d... Cuban Crow The Cuban Crow is one of four species of crow that occur on a few key islands in the Caribbean. It is closely related to the White-necked Crow and Jamaican Crow , with which it shares similar features. The fourth Caribbean crow, the Palm Crow The Cuban Crow (Corvus nasicus) is one of four species... Zapata Wren The Zapata Wren, Ferminia cerverai, is a medium sized grayish-brown bird that lives in dense shrubs of the Zapata Swamp, Cuba. It is the only member of the monotypical genus Ferminia.... Cuban Gnatcatcher The Cuban Gnatcatcher is a species of bird in the Polioptilidae family, the gnatcatchers.It is endemic to Cuba.Its natural habitat is xeric scrubland. It is the smallest species in the Polioptilidae family at 10 cm .... Cuban Solitaire The Cuban Solitaire , also known as the Cuban nightingale, is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is endemic to Cuba.Its natural habitat is montane moist forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:... |
Cuban Vireo The Cuban Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family that is endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats are dry forests, lowland moist forests, xeric shrublands, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:... Yellow-headed Warbler The Yellow-headed Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is endemic to Cuba.Its natural habitats are dry forests and lowland moist forests.-References:... Oriente Warbler The Oriente Warbler is a species of bird in the New World warbler family, Parulidae, that is endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats dry forests, lowland moist forests, montane moist forests, and xeric shrublands.-References:... Cuban Grassquit The Cuban Grassquit is a small bird formerly placed with the Emberizidae. It is now recognized as a tanager closely related to Darwin's finches... Zapata Sparrow The Zapata Sparrow, Torreornis inexpectata, is a medium sized grey and yellow bird that lives in the grasslands of the Zapata Swamp and elsewhere on the island of Cuba. Measuring about in length, it is grey and yellow overall with a dark reddish-brown crown and olive-grey upperparts.The Zapata... Red-shouldered Blackbird The Red-shouldered Blackbird, Agelaius assimilis, is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is endemic to Cuba, but despite its limited range, the species is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.... Cuban Blackbird The Cuban Blackbird is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.It is endemic to Cuba.Its natural habitats are lowland moist forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:... |
Species endemic to Hispaniola
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Broad-billed Tody The Broad-billed Tody, Todus subulatus, is one of the two species of tody native to the island of Hispaniola. It can be identified by its small size, stubby beak, ruby-red throat, and green back.... Narrow-billed Tody The Narrow-billed Tody is a species of bird in the Todidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest.... Antillean Piculet The Antillean Piculet is a species of bird in the woodpecker family Picidae. It is monotypic within the genus Nesoctites. The species is evolutionarily distinct from the other piculets and is afforded its own subfamily Nesoctitinae. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola... Hispaniolan Woodpecker The Hispaniolan Woodpecker, Melanerpes striatus, is a medium sized woodpecker endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola.Their back is covered in yellow and black stripes. Males have a dark red stripe from their forehead to their neck while females the red stripe extends from the nape to the... Hispaniolan Pewee The Hispaniolan Pewee is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25 July 2007.... White-necked Crow The White-necked Crow is the largest of the four Caribbean crow species. Two other species, the Cuban Crow and the Jamaican Crow , appear to be very closely related to it sharing several key morphological features... La Selle Thrush The La Selle Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.-Distribution:Turdus swalesi is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti on Hispaniola island in the Caribbean. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane habitats.The La Selle Thrush is threatened by habitat... |
Palmchat The Palmchat is a small, long-tailed passerine bird, the only species in the genus Dulus and the family Dulidae. It is thought to be related to the waxwings, family Bombycillidae, and is sometimes classified with that group... Flat-billed Vireo The Flat-billed Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.-References:... White-winged Warbler The White-winged Warbler , also called Hispaniolan Highland-tanager, is a species of bird formerly classified in the Parulidae family. It is the only member of the genus Xenoligea, and is found solely in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, which share the island of Hispaniola.The bird is... Hispaniolan Spindalis The Hispaniolan Spindalis is a species of bird in the Cardinalidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 27 July 2007.... Black-crowned Palm-tanager The Black-crowned Palm-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.... Grey-crowned Palm-tanager The Grey-crowned Palm-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti.... Western Chat-tanager The Western Chat-tanager is a passerine bird belonging to the tanager family, Thraupidae. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the West Indies. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the Eastern Chat-tanager but is now usually considered to be a separate species... |
Eastern Chat-tanager The Eastern Chat-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found on the island of Hispaniola where it is now restricted to central and southern parts of the Dominican Republic. It formerly also occurred on the Samaná Peninsula as well as on Gonâve Island in Haiti... Hispaniolan Oriole The Hispaniolan Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is endemic to Hispaniola.The taxon was formerly lumped with the Cuban Oriole , Bahama Oriole , and Puerto Rican Oriole into a single species until all four were elevated to full species in 2010.Its natural... Antillean Siskin The Antillean Siskin is a species of finch in the Fringillidae family. It is found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest. This bird is a North American one... Hispaniolan Crossbill The Hispaniolan Crossbill is a crossbill that is endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean and therefore only found in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.... White-fronted Quail-Dove The White-fronted Quail-Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family.It is found in the island of Hispaniola.... Hispaniolan Parakeet The Hispaniolan Parakeet, Conure Maîtresse, Aratinga De La Española, or Perico is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family.It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola... |
Species endemic to Jamaica
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Jamaican Mango The Jamaican Mango is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is an endemic species of Jamaica, meaning, it is found only on the island of Jamaica and nowhere else in the world.... Black-billed Streamertail The Black-billed Streamertail is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is endemic to eastern Jamaica. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of Trochilus polytmus.-References:... Jamaican Tody Found only in Jamaica, the Jamaican Tody is a small and colourful bird, predominantly green above, with a red throat and yellow underparts, with some pink on the sides. It has a large head and a long, flat bill. It perches on small branches, with its bills unturned and, like its Cuban relative ,... Jamaican Woodpecker The Jamaican Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is endemic to Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:... Jamaican Elaenia The Jamaican Elaenia is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is endemic to Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004.... Jamaican Pewee The Jamaican Pewee is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is endemic to Jamaica. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the Greater Antillean Pewee .-References:... |
Sad Flycatcher The Sad Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is endemic to Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004.... Rufous-tailed Flycatcher The Rufous-tailed Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Cayman Islands and Jamaica.... Jamaican Becard The Jamaican Becard is a species of bird in the Tityridae family. Its genus, Pachyramphus, has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae.... Jamaican Crow The Jamaican Crow, Corvus jamaicensis is a comparatively small crow species . It shares several key morphological features with two further West Indian species, the Cuban Crow, Corvus nasicus and the White-necked Crow, Corvus leucognaphalus of Hispaniola which are almost certainly very closely... White-eyed Thrush The White-eyed Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in Cayman Islands and Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. ... White-chinned Thrush The White-chinned Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in Cayman Islands and Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International... Jamaican Vireo The Jamaican Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family. It is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:*... Blue Mountain Vireo The Blue Mountain Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family. It is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, plantations, and heavily degraded former forest. It is threatened by habitat... |
Jamaican Euphonia The Jamaican Euphonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Cayman Islands and Jamaica.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:... Jamaican Spindalis The Jamaican Spindalis is a species of bird in the Cardinalidae family.It is endemic to Jamaica.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 27 July 2007.... Yellow-shouldered Grassquit The Yellow-shouldered Grassquit is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. Sometimes classified in the bunting and American sparrow family Emberizidae, more recent studies have shown it to belong in the tanager family. It is monotypic within the genus Loxipasser. It is endemic to Jamaica... Orangequit The Orangequit is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is the only member of the genus Euneornis. It is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004.... Jamaican Blackbird The Jamaican Blackbird is a species of bird in the New World blackbird and oriole family Icteridae. It is the only species in the genus Nesopsar... Jamaican Oriole The Jamaican Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is found in Jamaica and on the Colombian island of San Andrés... |
Species endemic to Puerto Rico
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Puerto Rican Emerald The Puerto Rican Emerald , or Zumbadorcito de Puerto Rico in Spanish, is an endemic hummingbird found only in the archipelago of Puerto Rico.... Puerto Rican Tody The Puerto Rican Tody is a tody endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico. Despite is scientific name, Todus mexicanus, it is endemic to Puerto Rico... Puerto Rican Woodpecker The Puerto Rican Woodpecker is the only woodpecker endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico and is one of the five species of the Melanerpes genus that occur in the Antilles. Furthermore, it is the only resident species of the Picidae family in Puerto Rico... Puerto Rican Flycatcher The Puerto Rican Flycatcher is a tyrant flycatcher endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico and one of the 22 species belonging to the Myiarchus genus of the Tyrannidae family.-See also:*Fauna of Puerto Rico... |
Puerto Rican Vireo The Puerto Rican Vireo is a small true vireo endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico and one of the 31 species belonging to the Vireo genus of the Vireonidae family... Adelaide's Warbler Adelaide's Warbler is a bird endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico belonging to the Dendroica genus of the Parulidae family. The species is named after Adelaide Swift, daughter of Robert Swift, the person who captured the first specimen.-Description:Dendroica adelaidae was originally... Puerto Rican Spindalis The Puerto Rican Spindalis, Spindalis portoricensis, is a tanager endemic to the island of Puerto Rico, where it is commonly known as Reina Mora. The species is widely distributed throughout the island and is an important part of the Puerto Rican ecosystem because of its help in seed dispersal and... Puerto Rican Tanager The Puerto Rican Tanager is a small passerine bird endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico. It is the only member of the Nesospingus genus of the tanager family.... |
Puerto Rican Bullfinch The Puerto Rican Bullfinch or Comeñame in Spanish, is a small Bullfinch tanager endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico and one of 3 species belonging to the genus Loxigilla. These were formerly considered Emberizidae.... Yellow-shouldered Blackbird The Yellow-shouldered Blackbird , also known as La Mariquita de Puerto Rico or Capitán, is a diurnal blackbird endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico and one of the eleven species belonging to the Agelaius genus of the Icteridae family.-Taxonomy:The nominate form of the Yellow-shouldered... |
Other species endemic to the Greater Antilles
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Vervain Hummingbird The Vervain Hummingbird, Mellisuga minima, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Jamaica, and is a vagrant to Puerto Rico.... Greater Antillean Elaenia The Greater Antillean Elaenia is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family. It is found in the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Jamaica.... Stolid Flycatcher The Stolid Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Cayman Islands, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Jamaica.... Golden Swallow Golden Swallow may refer to:* Golden Swallow * The Golden Swallow, a Hero of Chinese folkloreIn film* Golden Swallow, a 1949 film by Shaw Productions* Golden Swallow , a 1968 film by Shaw Brothers... |
Rufous-throated Solitaire The Rufous-throated Solitaire is a species of bird placed in the Turdidae family. It is found on Dominica, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Martinique, Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane... Antillean Mango The Antillean Mango is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico, the British Virgin Islands, and Virgin Islands, U.S..... Antillean Euphonia The Antillean Euphonia is a bird species in the finch family, Fringillidae .It is found in all the main islands of the Lesser Antilles, and the Greater Antilles from Hispaniola eastwards.... |
Antillean Palm Swift The Antillean Palm Swift is a small swift. It has distinctive black-and-white markings on its underparts, rump, and throat, making it one of the most unmistakable species of swifts in North America.... Caribbean Martin The Caribbean Martin or White-bellied Martin, Progne dominicensis, is a large swallow.It breeds on Caribbean islands from Jamaica east to Tobago. It is closely related to 2 species to which it formerly was considered conspecific-P. sinaloae and P. cryptoleuca... Plain Pigeon The Plain Pigeon is a species of bird in the Columbidae family. It is found in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico. Its natural habitats are forest, woodland, coastal desert, mangrove and swampy areas... Bahama Mockingbird The Bahama Mockingbird is a species of bird in the Mimidae family.It is found in the Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica and the Turks and Caicos Islands, and is a vagrant to the United States.... |
Species endemic to the Lesser Antilles
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Guadeloupe Woodpecker The Guadeloupe Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is endemic to Guadeloupe.-Habitat:... Lesser Antillean Pewee The Lesser Antillean Pewee is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Puerto Rico, and Saint Lucia with records from Saint Kitts. Birds on Puerto Rico are sometimes considered to be a separate species The Lesser Antillean Pewee (Contopus... Grenada Flycatcher The Grenada Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the Brown-crested Flycatcher .... Lesser Antillean Flycatcher The Lesser Antillean Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Barbuda, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Saint Lucia.... Forest Thrush The Forest Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family. It is the sole species within the genus Cichlherminia.... White-breasted Thrasher The White-breasted Thrasher is a species of bird in the Mimidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Ramphocinclus.It is found in Martinique and Saint Lucia.... Scaly-breasted Thrasher The Scaly-breasted Thrasher is a species of bird in the Mimidae family found in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles. It was formerly united with the Pearly-eyed Thrasher in Margarops but now is again placed in the monotypic genus Allenia.It is found in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada,... |
Brown Trembler The Brown Trembler is a species of bird in the Mimidae family. Northern birds from Guadeloupe northwards may represent a separate species from those on Dominica and St. Vincent.... Grey Trembler The Grey Trembler is a songbird species in the family Mimidae. It is found only in Martinique and Saint Lucia, the Martinique Trembler on the former island, the Saint Lucia Trembler The Grey Trembler (Cinclocerthia gutturalis) is a songbird species in the family Mimidae. It is found only in... St Lucia Warbler The St Lucia Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is endemic to Saint Lucia.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25 July 2007.... Barbuda Warbler The Barbuda Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family. It is endemic to the island of Barbuda in Antigua and Barbuda. Its natural habitat is tropical dry shrubland near wetland areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.... Plumbeous Warbler The Plumbeous Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is found only in Dominica and Guadeloupe.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.... Whistling Warbler The Whistling Warbler is a species of bird in the New World warbler family. It is monotypic within the genus Catharopeza. It is endemic to the island of Saint Vincent in the Lesser Antilles. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist... Semper's Warbler The Semper's Warbler is an extremely rare or possibly extinct New World Warbler which is endemic to Saint Lucia, part of the Lesser Antilles.-Description:... Lesser Antillean Tanager The Lesser Antillean Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Grenada and Saint Vincent.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.... |
Lesser Antillean Saltator The Lesser Antillean Saltator is a species of songbird traditionally placed in the family Cardinalidae, but as it seems it is closer to the tanagers .... Lesser Antillean Bullfinch The Lesser Antillean Bullfinch is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.It is found in Saint Barth, Saint Martin, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,... St Lucia Black Finch The St Lucia Black Finch is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. Sometimes classified in the bunting and American sparrow family Emberizidae, more recent studies have shown it to belong in the tanager family... St Lucia Oriole The St. Lucia Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is endemic to Saint Lucia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest.It is threatened... Montserrat Oriole The Montserrat Oriole, Icterus oberi, is a medium-sized black-and-yellow icterid .... Martinique Oriole The Martinique Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is endemic to Martinique.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and plantations .-References:* BirdLife... |
Other species endemic to the region
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Red-legged Thrush The Red-legged Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in the Bahamas, Cayman Brac, Cuba, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Puerto Rico... Caribbean Flamingo The American Flamingo is a large species of flamingo closely related to the Greater Flamingo and Chilean Flamingo. It was formerly considered conspecific with the Greater Flamingo, but that treatment is now widely viewed as incorrect due to a lack of evidence... West Indian Woodpecker The West Indian Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in the Bahamas, Cayman Islands and Cuba.... La Sagra's Flycatcher La Sagra's Flycatcher, Myiarchus sagrae, is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family.It breeds on Cuba, the Bahamas and Grand Cayman in the West Indies... Cuban Emerald The Cuban Emerald is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in a wide range of semi-open habitats in Cuba and the Bahamas.... |
Olive-capped Warbler The Olive-capped Warbler is a species of New World warbler that is native to the western and eastern ends of Cuba as well as Grand Bahama and the Abaco Islands in the Bahamas. Its natural habitat is pine forests and occasionally adjacent mixed forests.-External links:... Western Spindalis The Western Spindalis , formerly called the Stripe-headed Tanager, is a songbird species. S. zena formerly included other species of spindalis, as well.... Caribbean Elaenia The Caribbean Elaenia is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Barbados, Belize, Cayman Islands, Colombia , Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mexico , Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint... Bridled Quail-dove The Bridled Quail-Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family.It is found in Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, the British Virgin Islands, and the U.S... Green-throated Carib The Green-throated Carib is a species of hummingbird found throughout the Caribbean region.It is found in Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, north-east Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint-Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint... Antillean Crested Hummingbird The Antillean Crested Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, north-east Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint-Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin,... |
Thick-billed Vireo The Thick-billed Vireo, Vireo crassirostris, is a small songbird. It breeds in the West Indies in the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Tortuga Island in Haiti and on cays off the coast of Cuba. It occasionally can be found as a vagrant to south Florida in the United States. The... Bahama Woodstar The Bahama Woodstar is a species of hummingbird.The Bahama Woodstar is a medium-sized hummingbird, growing to be about 3 to 5 inches in length. They are green above with mixed olive-buff underparts. Bills on both the male and female are slightly decurved. Males show a reddish-pink throat is lined... Bahama Swallow The Bahama Swallow is a swallow found only in the Bahamas.-Physical description:This glossy Tachycineta swallow has a green head and back, blue upper wings, a black tail and wingtips, and a white belly and chin.... Bahama Yellowthroat The Bahama Yellowthroat, Geothlypis rostrata, is a New World warbler. It is a resident breeder endemic to the Bahamas.It is closely related to Common Yellowthroat, Altamira Yellowthroat and Belding's Yellowthroat, with which it forms a superspecies, and was formerly considered conspecific.The... Vitelline Warbler The Vitelline Warbler is a songbird species in the New World warbler family .It is found in the Cayman Islands and on the Swan Islands in Honduras. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and urban areas... |
Near-endemics
- Zenaida DoveZenaida DoveThe Zenaida Dove is a member of the bird family Columbidae, which includes doves and pigeons. It is the national bird of Anguilla, where it is commonly referred to as a Turtle Dove. It lays two white eggs on a flimsy platform built on a tree or shrub. It also nests in rock crevices and on grassy...
- Antillean NighthawkAntillean NighthawkThe Antillean Nighthawk, Chordeiles gundlachii, is a nightjar.The adults are dark with brown, grey and white patterning on the upperparts and breast; the long wings are black and show a white bar in flight. The tail is dark with white barring; the underparts are white with black bars. The adult...
- White-crowned PigeonWhite-crowned PigeonThe White-crowned Pigeon is a species of bird in the family Columbidae . It inhabits the northern and central Caribbean islands and some places on the North and Central American mainland...
- Caribbean CootCaribbean CootThe Caribbean Coot is a large waterbird of the family Rallidae, which is a resident breeder in the Caribbean and parts of Venezuela. Several alleged sightings have occurred in North America, but these cannot be authenticated since some American Coots lack red knobs on the frontal shield of the bill...
- Pearly-eyed ThrasherPearly-eyed ThrasherThe Pearly-eyed Thrasher is a bird found in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, the Bahamas and Antilles. Its genus, Margarops, is considered monotypic today; formerly the Scaly-breasted Thrasher was placed here too...
- Caribbean DoveCaribbean DoveThe Caribbean Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family. It is found in the Cayman Islands, Colombia , Honduras , Jamaica and Mexico . It has been introduced to New Providence in the Bahamas...
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as non-breeding species:
- Kirtland's WarblerKirtland's WarblerKirtland's Warbler is a small songbird of the New World warbler family , named after Jared P. Kirtland, an Ohio doctor and amateur naturalist. Nearly extinct just 50 years ago, it is well on its way to recovery. It requires large areas of dense young jack pine for its breeding habitat...
The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:
The following seabirds are restricted to the region as breeders:
- Black-capped PetrelBlack-capped PetrelThe Black-capped Petrel is a small seabird in the gadfly petrel genus, Pterodroma. It is also known as the Diablotín. The extinct Jamaica Petrel was a related dark form, often considered a subspecies of this bird.This long-winged petrel has a grey-brown back and wings, with a white nape and rump...