Ejigbo Palace Organization
Encyclopedia
Ejigbo
Ejigbo
Ejigbo is a prominent town in Yoruba Land and the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area, one of the oldest local government area of Osun State in Nigeria. Ejigbo is strategically placed in the middle position of 35 km to the North-East of Iwo, 30 km from Ogbomoso in the North and...

 is a town in Osun State
Osun State
Ọṣun State is an inland state in south-western Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. It is bounded in the north by Kwara State, in the east partly by Ekiti State and partly by Ondo State, in the south by Ogun State and in the west by Oyo State. The state's current governor is Rauf Aregbesola, who was...

, Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...

. It is the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area in Osun North-West Division, of Osun State
Osun State
Ọṣun State is an inland state in south-western Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. It is bounded in the north by Kwara State, in the east partly by Ekiti State and partly by Ondo State, in the south by Ogun State and in the west by Oyo State. The state's current governor is Rauf Aregbesola, who was...

.

The presence of French oriented Bakery, popularly referred to as “Oba Abidjan Bakery” meaning – “the king of Abidjan (economic capital of Côte-d’Ivoire) Bakery”; is a testament to the town’s claim to Francophone
Francophone
The adjective francophone means French-speaking, typically as primary language, whether referring to individuals, groups, or places. Often, the word is used as a noun to describe a natively French-speaking person....

 influence. Above all, it has aided immensely in the population growth and contributed in no small measure to the social, educational and economic life of the town. Some of the foreign languages spoken today in Ejigbo include, French (second to Yoruba), Dioula (Mali) Eve (Togo) Asante (Ghana).

According to the Ogiyan of Ejigbo, His Royal Majesty Omowoluola Oyeyode Oyesosin II (in his farm house at Ejigbo in 2004), the people of Ejigbo are international people. The fact that in Ejigbo French is spoken in the street as if one is in a French town, could be said to be accidental. It is just the result of a group of people getting the best out of nothing. For over a century, the people of Ejigbo have been going to francophone countries. As many as seven to eight generations have been there, not out of their own volition, but out of necessity. Originally, the people who migrated from Ejigbo did not go straight to Côte d’Ivoire. They first stayed in Dahomey (what is now known as Republic of Benin) from where they went to Ghana and from Ghana to Côte d’Ivoire. Côte d’Ivoire happened to be the place and it is still the place where many find their means of livelihood. Basically, the people went out for greener pasture in order to make ends meat. When the first batch of the people traveled to foreign land, they recruited their family members there as well. Attraction came by way of affluence, good health and achievements to the extent that, an average Ejigbo family will prefer their daughter to get married to someone from Côte d’Ivoire instead of someone living at home, because the difference was very clear. If one looks around the town, beautiful Brazilian houses are built by people from Côte d’Ivoire.

When entering in to francophone countries, especially Côte d’Ivoire, the need to communicate with the local people necessitated the learning a French dialect in order to conduct their business. If Ejigbo people in foreign land do not speak the standard French, they speak the street French in order to communicate. In the streets of Ejigbo today, you can it is rare to find people speaking English. They speak French instead, because they are part and parcel of the Francophone world. The Ejigbo people are found is West Africa Francophone cities such as Cotonou, Port-Novo (also known as Ajase) in the Republic of Benin, Lomé, Palimey, Lama-Kara and Atakpamé in Togo, Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina-Faso, Bamako in Mali, Dakar in Sénégal, Nouakchott I, Mauritania and even in Douala and Yaoundé in the Republic of Cameroon. In fact, they are everywhere where French is spoken in Africa and Europe. Hence, descendants of Ejigbo people have the opportunity for dual-nationality in every Francophone country where they dwell. In Côte d’Ivoire, for example, they are found in local and national administration positions such as inspector of education, health administration and local government councils. The case of Togo is unique. Ejigbo descendants born in Togo before 1991 are fully integrated and have full citizenship. Including the twin-brothers Tidjani; while one was the Chief of Army Staff of late General Ghansimgbe Eyadema (former Togolese President who ruled for up to 40 years), the second brother was the Rector of the only federal University. He is currently an economic adviser to the current government of Togo (the twin-brothers have Ejigbo royal family tribal marks). The parents of the Togolese international footballer, Adebayor and that of the Ivorian N°1 featherweight boxer as at 1986/87, Wahabi Spider, are from Ejigbo.

According to the Ogiyan of Ejigbo, around 1960, there was census in Côte d’Ivoire where the estimated population of all Nigerians living there was put at about 1.2 million. In that figure, Ejigbo people alone were said to have accounted for about 800,000 inhabitants. They believed to be so established there to the extent that in each big city and town of Côte d’Ivoire, the Ejigbo people have a community leader they refer to as ‘Oba’ for that area, such as ‘Oba Bouaké’, ‘Oba Abobo’, ‘Oba Dabou’, ‘Oba Grand Bassam’, ‘Oba Treichville’ etc. while the ‘Oba’ who reside in Adjamé, suburb of Abidjan is called the ‘Oba Abidjan’. He is regarded as the paramount Ejigbo community leader of Côte d’Ivoire. All those so designed Ejigbo community leaders are all recognized back home by His Royal Majesty, the Ogiyan of Ejigbo. A Street is even named after ‘Oba Abidjan’ in Ejigbo. The recognition of Ejigbo people by the authority in Côte d’Ivoire is so well established that you can hardly find any Yoruba person in that country who will tell you that he is from Ibadan or Ogbomosho etc. The majority claim to be Ejigbo indigenes, even when they are not. Côte d’Ivoire is more or less the second home of Ejigbo.

Oba Omowonuola Oyeyode Oyesosin II, observed that he was lucky to have received his first degree dissertation in 1972: The impact of Migration from Ejigbo to Ivory Coast on Ejigbo. He remarked that one of the impacts of such migration was the building of most of the ultra modern churches and mosques in Ejigbo Local Government Areas. He referred to Ejigbo in his project as a remittance economy, simply because, average Ejigbo people have no money to spend at home, everything comes from Côte d’Ivoire. All the churches and about 53 Ratibis-Mosques in Ejigbo Township are built by Ejigbo in Côte d’Ivoire. They have their branches in Côte d’Ivoire, where money and materials are sent back home for development. The Central Mosque, which cost a little more than 1 billion Naira, was built mainly by the Ejigbo people in Côte d’Ivoire. Rarely can one mention any major project carried out in Ejigbo without the heavy financial backing from Ejigbo people in ‘Diaspora’. There is a Terminal of buses going from Ejigbo to Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, where it is easier and cheaper to board a vehicle to the West Coast than it would be in Lagos, for example.

In the colonial days, the town had little direct contact with European trading firms because of their concentration in bigger towns around Ejigbo, like Ogbomoso and Osogbo
Osogbo
Osogbo is a city in Nigeria, the capital of Osun State and a Local Government Area.The Local Government Area has an area of 47 km² and a population of 156,694 at the 2006 census; the postal code of the area is 230.-Infrastructure and demographics:Osogbo lies on the railway line from Lagos to...

. This had closed the town to government attention and trade link to its outside world. But the desire for progress exists in Ejigbo and this is shown by progressive Unions in the town, doing self-helping projects.

Since the foundation of the town by Prince Akinjole, which occurred at the same time Oranmiyan founded the Old Oyo Kingdom, industrial development in Ejigbo that started in the late '80s has come to a sudden halt at the beginning of the new millennium due to inconsistencies in the supply of electricity. Prominent among the industries were Dalab Breweries (under construction), Oba Abidjan Bakery, and Obelawo Saw-mill. Poultry farms have also sprang up. Ejigbo, has a potential for developing an agro-based industry.

For entertainment, up to the early '90s there were many bars and beer parlours. Popular among them are Prestige; Kunbi Ogiyan; Angle “50”, Happy Star; Amuludun; and African. Other big places of entertainment was, Ejigbo Central Hotel, Iluta Hotel, Sharp Corner Hotel and Ejigbo Recreation Club. Another popular area was the African Cinema, along Iwo Road. An ultra-modern Hotel is built along Igbon-Ara Road.

There was a Divisional Teachers’ College along Ede road. It is today renamed Osun State Unity School. There are five Secondary Grammar Schools, among which are the Baptist High School and the Ansar-Ud-Deen High School, Ansar-Ud-Deen Grammar School, Local Authority and Ogiyan Community Grammar School. There is also over fifteen primary schools in the town. Recently, the Osun State Government located one of the Osun State University Campuses in the town.

In terms of Health Centres, there are Maternity Centres and many private clinics. Ejigbo is known for the celebration of Ogiyan festival; Ogiyan being the title of the Oba of Ejigbo who is also the custodian of the gods of his ancestors known as - Orisa-Ogiyan. This festival usually comes up during the month of September. One main feature of this traditional festival is the Ifa Oracle ”Wake-keep”; procession to worship at Ogiyan Shrine and the traditional Warfare – “Ewo”

The early history of Ejigbo was less eventful than that of its most neighbouring settlements. Its people went out on raids and took part in small wars around them, but the town itself was never attacked or conquered by outside raiders. When Ejigbo came under the way of Ibadan, at the time the Ibadan army moved to protect Osogbo from Ilorin in 1835, a detachment from Ejigbo assisted the Ibadan army. In the Ijaye, Jalumi and Kiriji wars, of 1860 and 1886, the Ejigbo army participated. Ajayi Ogboriefon, Balogun and leader of Ibadan
Ibadan
Ibadan is the capital city of Oyo State and the third largest metropolitan area in Nigeria, after Lagos and Kano, with a population of 1,338,659 according to the 2006 census. Ibadan is also the largest metropolitan geographical area...

 army in Jalumi war (1878) was a native of Ejigbo.

Origin of Ejigbo: An Original Essay Witten by A.M. Ilupeju in 1986 and Updated in 2010

Ejigbo
Ejigbo
Ejigbo is a prominent town in Yoruba Land and the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area, one of the oldest local government area of Osun State in Nigeria. Ejigbo is strategically placed in the middle position of 35 km to the North-East of Iwo, 30 km from Ogbomoso in the North and...

 is an important town in Osun State. It is one of the earliest Yoruba
Yoruba people
The Yoruba people are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. The majority of the Yoruba speak the Yoruba language...

 towns, and is as old as Old Oyo founded by Oranmiyan.

Various traditions of Ejigbo origin agree that the founder of present day Ejigbo was a prince of Ile-Ife (son of Ogirinyan, one of the youngest sons of Oduduwa
Oduduwa
Oduduwa Omoluabi, Olofin Adimula, Emperor of the Yoruba, phonetically written by his people as Odùduwà and sometimes contracted as Odudua or Oòdua, is generally held among the Yoruba to be the reigning ancestor of the crowned Yoruba kings....

 of Ife) whose name was Akinjole. He left Ife at the time Oranmiyan returned from Benin to found Old Oyo Empire. According to Prince Oyeleke Bello: “Akinjole followed the footsteps of his brother (from the same mother) Akinoruja, who founded the town Ikire-ile in Osun State”. After consultations with Ifá
Ifá
Ifá refers to the system of divination and the verses of the literary corpus known as the Odú Ifá. Yoruba religion identifies Orunmila as the Grand Priest; as that which revealed Oracle divinity to the world...

 oracle which directed him to face the direction of the place where Ejigbo is today, and that he should not stop until he reached the place where “Eye Agbigbo” (ostrich) were rampant. It also instructed him to go along with his father’s god, Orisa-Nla, being its custodian, which is known and called Orisa Ogiyan in Ejigbo, because this god would guard, guide and protect him throughout his journey. Akinjole then prepared himself and left Ile-Ife to start his adventure in the thick forest in which dwelled wild animals and evil spirits.

Beginning of Kingship

Tradition has it that Akinjole and Olusiji were living together and exchange views, then strangers, visitors, men and women started migrating into the present day Ejigbo
Ejigbo
Ejigbo is a prominent town in Yoruba Land and the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area, one of the oldest local government area of Osun State in Nigeria. Ejigbo is strategically placed in the middle position of 35 km to the North-East of Iwo, 30 km from Ogbomoso in the North and...

 (due to one reason or the other) from their original homes. Some people came as hunters, farmers, black-smiths, goldsmiths, traders e.t.c. These people were received by both Akinjole and Olusiji. They had them acculturated and assimilated since they spoke the same language.

Structure of the Palace

The Ogiyan palace is situated in the centre of the town surrounded by concrete wall. The Northern side of the place is occupied by the Town Hall, adjacent to the evening market and the imposing Central Mosque; its North-eastern side is occupied by the Cooperative Bank (now Skye Bank) while its Eastern side is occupied by the Ejigbo Local Government Shopping Centre.

The Palace chiefs and their functions

In the days preceding western influence in the interior of Yoruba land, Ejigbo palace procedure was a unique one. This can is supported by paragraph “30” of Dickson report which says:

"[The inner council consisted of the Elejigbo (Ogiyan)

and the three senior title holders ...

The procedure followed was similar to that of an army court marshal in England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

,

that is to say the junior member spoke first;

Aro, then the Apetumekun, then Ajeiku;

then Oye, Ejemu and Osolo (the first three chiefs are subordinates to the latter three chiefs respectively)

and finally the Elejigbo would sum up and make a decision.

The minor chiefs might have been consulted previously but did not attend the meeting.

Afterwards, Osolo announced the decision of the council to the people outside]”.

Death Of An Oba

When an Oba
Oba (ruler)
Oba is a West African synonym for monarch, one that is usually applied to the Yoruba and Edo rulers of the region. It is also often used by their traditional subjects to refer to other kings and queens, such as Elizabeth I of England, in their native languages.-Edo account of the word's origin:The...

 'waja' (dies), regardless of time spent in the position, before an announcement to the public is made, the priests of Orisa-Ogiyan and of other gods are the first people to see his dead body, in order to perform some special rites and rituals on the demised Oba.

Selecting a New Oba

The method of selection of a new Oba in Ejigbo
Ejigbo
Ejigbo is a prominent town in Yoruba Land and the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area, one of the oldest local government area of Osun State in Nigeria. Ejigbo is strategically placed in the middle position of 35 km to the North-East of Iwo, 30 km from Ogbomoso in the North and...

 in the days before the spread and conquest of Western Civilisation in Yorubaland, is quite different from the way it is selected today. Today, there are innovations, motivations and improvements in the selection of an Oba.

Orisa-Ogiyan

Ogiyan, is the name for the person who holds the title of Oba in Ejigbo. Ogiyan is the short form of “Ogiriniyan,” the father of the founder of Ejigbo (Akinjole). Therefore, the god worshipped by Ogiriniyan which Akinjole became its custodian was called Orisa-Ogiyan (The god of Ogiyan). Ogiyan festival is the only festival that unites all sons and daughters; Muslims and Christians of Ejigbo together every year during the month of August. The King’s palace (Aafin) is the centre of spiritual rites and social activities during this period. And the Oba, being the custodian of the god and all the activities, social, and spiritual are focused on him.

Conclusion

The founder of the present day Ejigbo was a priest of Ile Ife (Ogiriniyan’s sons, one of the youngest sons of Oduduwa) whose name was Akinjole. He left Ile Ife at the time Oranmiyan returned from Benin to Old Oyo Empire. Being the custodian of his fathers’ god – Orisa Nla, he left Ile Ife with it to found Ejigbo. The god later became to be known as ‘Orisa Ogiyan’ in Ejigbo.
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