Edward Preston Young
Encyclopedia
Edward Preston "Teddy" Young DSO
, DSC
& bar
(17 November 1913 – 28 January 2003) was a British graphic designer, submariner and publisher. In 1935 he joined the then new publishing firm of Penguin Books
and was responsible for designing the cover scheme used by Penguin for many years as well as drawing the original penguin logo. During World War II
he served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) and became the first British RNVR officer to command a submarine. After the war he returned to the publishing world and eventually became managing director of the Rainbow Group. Having written his wartime biography, One Of Our Submarines, in 1952, he later wrote several other books.
, Trinidad
, but he moved to London as a child. He was educated at Highgate School
in London. At 18 he left school and joined publishers, The Bodley Head
remaining with the firm until 1935 when he moved to join Penguin Books as production manager.
. Previously managing director at Bodley Head, it was Lane who invited Young to join his new company. One of the first jobs given to Young was to go to London Zoo
to make sketches of penguins to be used as the symbol for Penguin Books. Reportedly he returned from this job with the comment "My God, how those birds stink!" but the logo he drew appeared on all Penguin books until 1949. Along with Lane, Young also devised the highly recognisable colour schemes used by the firm on book covers; orange/white/orange for novels, green for crime and detective novels, and pale blue for the Pelican series. The designs were noted as classics in 2009 when the Royal Mail
included Young's design in a series of stamps
celebrating British design classics. Young left Penguin in 1939 to join the The Reprint Society but left soon after with the outbreak of the war.
on 12 April 1940 and underwent initial training at , the main RNVR shore establishment at Hove
in Sussex. Volunteers were sought from suitable RNVR officers to join the submarine branch, Young volunteered with two others and after an interview and familarisation trip on was accepted for service into submarines. Before reporting for submarine officer training at he was required to undertake a period of service on a surface ship, so Young joined on patrol in the North Sea. He was lucky in that both the Commanding officer
and First Lieutenant
of Atherstone had served in submarines and were able to impart a lot of knowledge to Young.
In August 1940 Young reported to HMS Dolphin to find that he was the only one of the three RNVR volunteers to have progressed to training. Young therefore became the first executive branch officer of the RNVR to enter the submarine service. Young passed the course, top of the class, and was posted as a watchkeeping officer to based at Harwich
. After several operational patrols in the North Sea, H28 became part of Seventh Submarine Flotilla, a training flotilla
based at Rothesay
on the west coast of Scotland.
on 12 April, Umpire was a brand new boat still undergoing commissioning trials on the River Medway
. On commissioning the boat was ordered to join Third Submarine Flotilla at Dunoon
. Attached to a north bound convoy
, Umpire developed an engine problem and fell slightly behind the convoy. In the dark night of 19/20 July 1941 the boat was not seen by Peter Hendriks, an armed trawler escorting a south bound convoy, and the two ships collided. Umpire sank almost immediately. Young was not on duty at the time and after the collision found himself in a flooding boat resting on the bottom of the North Sea in 80 feet (24.4 m) of water. Having tried to surface the boat using compressed air and having searched for other survivors, Young ended up in the conning tower
with the First Lieutenant, an Engine Room Artificer (ERA) and an Able Seaman
. They estimated that as a result of the angle of the boat and the height of the conning tower there was only about 45 feet (13.7 m) above them and that they should attempt to swim to the surface. Closing the hatch below them, they forced open the upper hatch and escaped. The ERA was never seen again and the First Lieutenant drowned after reaching the surface. Young and the seaman were picked up together with several men who had escaped through the engine room hatch. The Commanding Officer, Lt M Wingfield, had already been rescued, having been on the bridge when the collision occurred. All told 2 officers and 20 ratings died with only 2 officers, Young and Wingfield, and 14 ratings surviving.
Officer to HMS Sealion
, an S-class
submarine. During his time on Sealion the boat operated in Arctic waters, being based for some time in Murmansk
. On return from Russia, Young was made First Lieutenant of Sealion until she was docked for a refit.
Young was then transferred to again as First Lieutenant. Saracen was a new boat and on her "working up" patrol in the North Sea, Saracen sank U-boat
U-335. For his part in this action Young was Mentioned in Despatches. In the Mediterranean Saracen was part of Tenth Submarine Flotilla based in Malta
. She undertook a number of patrols and Young was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross
(DSC) following the sinking of the Italian submarine Granito in December 1942.
boat acquired by the Royal Navy in 1942. Young commanded the boat, known as State Express
after the cigarette brand, for three months before being appointed as commander of a new boat, then under construction. On his appointment to P555 Young was the first British RNVR officer to command a submarine.
on the River Mersey
. On commissioning Storm joined Third Submarine Flotilla and her first patrol was to northern Norway. This was to be the only patrol in European waters as Young and Storm sailed to the Pacific in late December 1943 to become part of Fourth Submarine Flotilla at Trincomalee
, Sri Lanka
(then Ceylon). Arriving in the Far East in February 1944 Storm carried out four patrols and one special mission from Sri Lanka
. During the first two patrols they sank a Japanese navy
minesweeper
as well as several merchant ships. After two patrols Storm landed an agent on the Japanese held island of Pulau Weh in northwest Sumatra
. Four days later, Storm returned to collect the agent, during which time the Japanese had prepared an ambush and Storm came under concerted gunfire as the two man special forces team rowed ashore to meet the agent. Young held Storm as close as possible to the shore to allow the two men to return to the boat. Once retrieved Young dived the submarine and made for home. One member of the crew had been wounded during the exhange of gunfire.
By the end of March 1943 Young was promoted to acting Lieutenant-Commander, this stopped a previous source of embarrassment to guests who did not know Young. Young a Lieutenant RNVR, wore the wavy stripes of the RNVR, while his First Lieutenant, Brian Mills, was a regular Royal Navy Lieutenant and wore the straight stripes of regular officer. Many visitors to Storm did not know Young and made the assumption that Mills, as the regular officer, was the commanding officer of the submarine. During a final patrol from Trincomalee, Young took Storm into Port Owen on Tavoy Island
and in a surface action sank several vessels. During another surface action on this patrol Storm became the first submarine to pick up a Japanese prisoner when a soldier, who was a passenger on a freighter sunk by Storm, was picked up. For this series of patrols Young was awarded the Distinguished Service Order
.
In September 1944 Storm was transferred to the Eighth Submarine Flotilla operating from Fremantle
, Australia. Two further patrols were undertaken while based in Australia and on the second of them a short lived record was set for the longest patrol by an S-class boat when the patrol lasted 37 days and covered 7151 miles (11,508.4 km). After this patrol Storm and her crew were directed to return to the United Kingdom. Leaving Australia at the end of January, Storm reached England on 8 April 1945 during which Young did suffer recollections of the Umpire sinking when Storm was almost rammed by a merchant ship during a fog in the Bay of Biscay. Once home Young parted company with Storm and was promoted to Commander
on 31 July 1945 with a staff appointment with Seventh Submarine Flotilla aboard . In June, for the patrols from Fremantle a bar
to the DSC was awarded, Young left the navy in November 1945.
Young briefly rejoined the Reprint Society and then moved to Pan Books
before moving to Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd as production director. In 1952, Young wrote his autobiography
entitled One Of Our Submarines which was printed by Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd. Two year later, Penguin Books honoured their former member of staff by making the paperback edition of One Of Our Submarines the 1000th Penguin publication.
He wrote three further non-fiction
works; Look at Lighthouses (1961), The Fifth Passenger (1962) and Look at Submarines (1964) before retirement in 1973 having ended his working career as managing director of the Rainbird Publishing Group.
Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other parts of the British Commonwealth and Empire, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat.Instituted on 6 September...
, DSC
Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross is the third level military decoration awarded to officers, and other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and British Merchant Navy and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries.The DSC, which may be awarded posthumously, is...
& bar
Medal bar
A medal bar or medal clasp is a thin metal bar attached to the ribbon of a military decoration, civil decoration, or other medal. It is most commonly used to indicate the campaign or operation the recipient received the award for, and multiple bars on the same medal are used to indicate that the...
(17 November 1913 – 28 January 2003) was a British graphic designer, submariner and publisher. In 1935 he joined the then new publishing firm of Penguin Books
Penguin Books
Penguin Books is a publisher founded in 1935 by Sir Allen Lane and V.K. Krishna Menon. Penguin revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its high quality, inexpensive paperbacks, sold through Woolworths and other high street stores for sixpence. Penguin's success demonstrated that large...
and was responsible for designing the cover scheme used by Penguin for many years as well as drawing the original penguin logo. During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
he served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) and became the first British RNVR officer to command a submarine. After the war he returned to the publishing world and eventually became managing director of the Rainbow Group. Having written his wartime biography, One Of Our Submarines, in 1952, he later wrote several other books.
Early life
Young was born in San FernandoSan Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
The City of San Fernando with a population of 55,419 according to the 2000 census, is the larger of Trinidad and Tobago's two cities and the second largest municipality after Chaguanas. It occupies 18 km² and is located in the southwestern part of the island of Trinidad...
, Trinidad
Trinidad
Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the two major islands and numerous landforms which make up the island nation of Trinidad and Tobago. It is the southernmost island in the Caribbean and lies just off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. With an area of it is also the fifth largest in...
, but he moved to London as a child. He was educated at Highgate School
Highgate School
-Notable members of staff and governing body:* John Ireton, brother of Henry Ireton, Cromwellian General* 1st Earl of Mansfield, Lord Chief Justice, owner of Kenwood, noted for judgment finding contracts for slavery unenforceable in English law* T. S...
in London. At 18 he left school and joined publishers, The Bodley Head
The Bodley Head
The Bodley Head is an English publishing house, founded in 1887 and existing as an independent entity until the 1970s. The name has been used as an imprint of Random House Children's Books since 1987...
remaining with the firm until 1935 when he moved to join Penguin Books as production manager.
Penguin Books
Penguin Books was newly formed in 1935 by Allen LaneAllen Lane
Sir Allen Lane was a British publisher who founded Penguin Books, bringing high quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market.-Early life and family:...
. Previously managing director at Bodley Head, it was Lane who invited Young to join his new company. One of the first jobs given to Young was to go to London Zoo
London Zoo
London Zoo is the world's oldest scientific zoo. It was opened in London on 27 April 1828, and was originally intended to be used as a collection for scientific study. It was eventually opened to the public in 1847...
to make sketches of penguins to be used as the symbol for Penguin Books. Reportedly he returned from this job with the comment "My God, how those birds stink!" but the logo he drew appeared on all Penguin books until 1949. Along with Lane, Young also devised the highly recognisable colour schemes used by the firm on book covers; orange/white/orange for novels, green for crime and detective novels, and pale blue for the Pelican series. The designs were noted as classics in 2009 when the Royal Mail
Royal Mail
Royal Mail is the government-owned postal service in the United Kingdom. Royal Mail Holdings plc owns Royal Mail Group Limited, which in turn operates the brands Royal Mail and Parcelforce Worldwide...
included Young's design in a series of stamps
Postage stamp
A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage. Typically, stamps are made from special paper, with a national designation and denomination on the face, and a gum adhesive on the reverse side...
celebrating British design classics. Young left Penguin in 1939 to join the The Reprint Society but left soon after with the outbreak of the war.
War service
Having been a keen yachtsman before the war, Young was appointed to the RNVR as a probationary sub-lieutenantSub-Lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant is a military rank. It is normally a junior officer rank.In many navies, a sub-lieutenant is a naval commissioned or subordinate officer, ranking below a lieutenant. In the Royal Navy the rank of sub-lieutenant is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the British Army and of...
on 12 April 1940 and underwent initial training at , the main RNVR shore establishment at Hove
Hove
Hove is a town on the south coast of England, immediately to the west of its larger neighbour Brighton, with which it forms the unitary authority Brighton and Hove. It forms a single conurbation together with Brighton and some smaller towns and villages running along the coast...
in Sussex. Volunteers were sought from suitable RNVR officers to join the submarine branch, Young volunteered with two others and after an interview and familarisation trip on was accepted for service into submarines. Before reporting for submarine officer training at he was required to undertake a period of service on a surface ship, so Young joined on patrol in the North Sea. He was lucky in that both the Commanding officer
Commanding officer
The commanding officer is the officer in command of a military unit. Typically, the commanding officer has ultimate authority over the unit, and is usually given wide latitude to run the unit as he sees fit, within the bounds of military law...
and First Lieutenant
First Lieutenant
First lieutenant is a military rank and, in some forces, an appointment.The rank of lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations , but the majority of cases it is common for it to be sub-divided into a senior and junior rank...
of Atherstone had served in submarines and were able to impart a lot of knowledge to Young.
In August 1940 Young reported to HMS Dolphin to find that he was the only one of the three RNVR volunteers to have progressed to training. Young therefore became the first executive branch officer of the RNVR to enter the submarine service. Young passed the course, top of the class, and was posted as a watchkeeping officer to based at Harwich
Harwich
Harwich is a town in Essex, England and one of the Haven ports, located on the coast with the North Sea to the east. It is in the Tendring district. Nearby places include Felixstowe to the northeast, Ipswich to the northwest, Colchester to the southwest and Clacton-on-Sea to the south...
. After several operational patrols in the North Sea, H28 became part of Seventh Submarine Flotilla, a training flotilla
Flotilla
A flotilla , or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. A flotilla is usually composed of a homogeneous group of the same class of warship, such as frigates, destroyers, torpedo boats, submarines, gunboats, or minesweepers...
based at Rothesay
Rothesay, Argyll and Bute
The town of Rothesay is the principal town on the Isle of Bute, in the council area of Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It can be reached by ferry from Wemyss Bay which offers an onward rail link to Glasgow. At the centre of the town is Rothesay Castle, a ruined castle which dates back to the 13th...
on the west coast of Scotland.
HMS Umpire
On 23 March 1941, Young was posted to the submarine , and was promoted to LieutenantLieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...
on 12 April, Umpire was a brand new boat still undergoing commissioning trials on the River Medway
River Medway
The River Medway, which is almost entirely in Kent, England, flows for from just inside the West Sussex border to the point where it enters the Thames Estuary....
. On commissioning the boat was ordered to join Third Submarine Flotilla at Dunoon
Dunoon
Dunoon is a resort town situated on the Cowal Peninsula in Argyll, Scotland. It sits on the Firth of Clyde to the south of Holy Loch and to the west of Gourock.-Waterfront:...
. Attached to a north bound convoy
Convoy
A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection. Often, a convoy is organized with armed defensive support, though it may also be used in a non-military sense, for example when driving through remote areas.-Age of Sail:Naval...
, Umpire developed an engine problem and fell slightly behind the convoy. In the dark night of 19/20 July 1941 the boat was not seen by Peter Hendriks, an armed trawler escorting a south bound convoy, and the two ships collided. Umpire sank almost immediately. Young was not on duty at the time and after the collision found himself in a flooding boat resting on the bottom of the North Sea in 80 feet (24.4 m) of water. Having tried to surface the boat using compressed air and having searched for other survivors, Young ended up in the conning tower
Conning tower
A conning tower is a raised platform on a ship or submarine, often armored, from which an officer can con the vessel; i.e., give directions to the helmsman. It is usually located as high on the ship as practical, to give the conning team good visibility....
with the First Lieutenant, an Engine Room Artificer (ERA) and an Able Seaman
Able seaman
An able seaman is an unlicensed member of the deck department of a merchant ship. An AB may work as a watchstander, a day worker, or a combination of these roles.-Watchstander:...
. They estimated that as a result of the angle of the boat and the height of the conning tower there was only about 45 feet (13.7 m) above them and that they should attempt to swim to the surface. Closing the hatch below them, they forced open the upper hatch and escaped. The ERA was never seen again and the First Lieutenant drowned after reaching the surface. Young and the seaman were picked up together with several men who had escaped through the engine room hatch. The Commanding Officer, Lt M Wingfield, had already been rescued, having been on the bridge when the collision occurred. All told 2 officers and 20 ratings died with only 2 officers, Young and Wingfield, and 14 ratings surviving.
S-class boats
Following the sinking of Umpire Young was posted as TorpedoTorpedo
The modern torpedo is a self-propelled missile weapon with an explosive warhead, launched above or below the water surface, propelled underwater towards a target, and designed to detonate either on contact with it or in proximity to it.The term torpedo was originally employed for...
Officer to HMS Sealion
HMS Sealion (72S)
HMS Sealion was a Royal Navy S-class submarine which was launched 16 March 1934 and fought in the Second World War.She had an eventful career after the outbreak of war. Under the command of LCdr Ben Bryant, she attacked U-21 off the Dogger Bank in November 1939, but failed to sink her...
, an S-class
British S class submarine (1931)
The S-class submarines of the Royal Navy were originally designed and built during the modernisation of the submarine force in the early 1930s to meet the need for smaller boats to patrol the restricted waters of the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea replacing the British H class submarines...
submarine. During his time on Sealion the boat operated in Arctic waters, being based for some time in Murmansk
Murmansk
Murmansk is a city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It serves as a seaport and is located in the extreme northwest part of Russia, on the Kola Bay, from the Barents Sea on the northern shore of the Kola Peninsula, not far from Russia's borders with Norway and Finland...
. On return from Russia, Young was made First Lieutenant of Sealion until she was docked for a refit.
Young was then transferred to again as First Lieutenant. Saracen was a new boat and on her "working up" patrol in the North Sea, Saracen sank U-boat
U-boat
U-boat is the anglicized version of the German word U-Boot , itself an abbreviation of Unterseeboot , and refers to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in World War I and World War II...
U-335. For his part in this action Young was Mentioned in Despatches. In the Mediterranean Saracen was part of Tenth Submarine Flotilla based in Malta
Malta
Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in...
. She undertook a number of patrols and Young was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross
Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross is the third level military decoration awarded to officers, and other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and British Merchant Navy and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries.The DSC, which may be awarded posthumously, is...
(DSC) following the sinking of the Italian submarine Granito in December 1942.
First command
Returning to port on Christmas Day 1942, Young received a signal ordering him to return to the United Kingdom to attend the Commanding Officer's Qualifying Course (COQC). Arriving back in England in January 1943 Young passed the COQC (or perisher as it was commonly known) and was appointed Commanding Officer of , an American S classUnited States S class submarine
The United States' S-class submarines, often simply called S-boats , were the first class of submarines built to a United States Navy design....
boat acquired by the Royal Navy in 1942. Young commanded the boat, known as State Express
State Express 555
State Express 555 is a brand of cigarette manufactured by British American Tobacco. It was first launched in 1895 and is a very popular brand in Asia, especially China where it is BAT's most popular brand.-Sponsorship:...
after the cigarette brand, for three months before being appointed as commander of a new boat, then under construction. On his appointment to P555 Young was the first British RNVR officer to command a submarine.
HMS Storm
The boat was then being built by Cammell LairdCammell Laird
Cammell Laird, one of the most famous names in British shipbuilding during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, came about following the merger of Laird, Son & Co. of Birkenhead and Johnson Cammell & Co. of Sheffield at the turn of the twentieth century.- Founding of the business :The Company...
on the River Mersey
River Mersey
The River Mersey is a river in North West England. It is around long, stretching from Stockport, Greater Manchester, and ending at Liverpool Bay, Merseyside. For centuries, it formed part of the ancient county divide between Lancashire and Cheshire....
. On commissioning Storm joined Third Submarine Flotilla and her first patrol was to northern Norway. This was to be the only patrol in European waters as Young and Storm sailed to the Pacific in late December 1943 to become part of Fourth Submarine Flotilla at Trincomalee
Trincomalee
Trincomalee is a port city in Eastern Province, Sri Lanka and lies on the east coast of the island, about 113 miles south of Jaffna. It has a population of approximately 100,000 . The city is built on a peninsula, which divides the inner and outer harbours. Overlooking the Kottiyar Bay,...
, Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
(then Ceylon). Arriving in the Far East in February 1944 Storm carried out four patrols and one special mission from Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
. During the first two patrols they sank a Japanese navy
Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1869 until 1947, when it was dissolved following Japan's constitutional renunciation of the use of force as a means of settling international disputes...
minesweeper
Minesweeper (ship)
A minesweeper is a small naval warship designed to counter the threat posed by naval mines. Minesweepers generally detect then neutralize mines in advance of other naval operations.-History:...
as well as several merchant ships. After two patrols Storm landed an agent on the Japanese held island of Pulau Weh in northwest Sumatra
Sumatra
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
. Four days later, Storm returned to collect the agent, during which time the Japanese had prepared an ambush and Storm came under concerted gunfire as the two man special forces team rowed ashore to meet the agent. Young held Storm as close as possible to the shore to allow the two men to return to the boat. Once retrieved Young dived the submarine and made for home. One member of the crew had been wounded during the exhange of gunfire.
By the end of March 1943 Young was promoted to acting Lieutenant-Commander, this stopped a previous source of embarrassment to guests who did not know Young. Young a Lieutenant RNVR, wore the wavy stripes of the RNVR, while his First Lieutenant, Brian Mills, was a regular Royal Navy Lieutenant and wore the straight stripes of regular officer. Many visitors to Storm did not know Young and made the assumption that Mills, as the regular officer, was the commanding officer of the submarine. During a final patrol from Trincomalee, Young took Storm into Port Owen on Tavoy Island
Mali Kyun
Mali Kyun is an island in the Mergui Archipelago, Burma . Its area is 99 km²....
and in a surface action sank several vessels. During another surface action on this patrol Storm became the first submarine to pick up a Japanese prisoner when a soldier, who was a passenger on a freighter sunk by Storm, was picked up. For this series of patrols Young was awarded the Distinguished Service Order
Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other parts of the British Commonwealth and Empire, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat.Instituted on 6 September...
.
In September 1944 Storm was transferred to the Eighth Submarine Flotilla operating from Fremantle
Fremantle
Freemantle is a suburb of Southampton in England.Fremantle or Freemantle may also refer to:- Places :* Fremantle, the port city to the capital Perth, Western Australia...
, Australia. Two further patrols were undertaken while based in Australia and on the second of them a short lived record was set for the longest patrol by an S-class boat when the patrol lasted 37 days and covered 7151 miles (11,508.4 km). After this patrol Storm and her crew were directed to return to the United Kingdom. Leaving Australia at the end of January, Storm reached England on 8 April 1945 during which Young did suffer recollections of the Umpire sinking when Storm was almost rammed by a merchant ship during a fog in the Bay of Biscay. Once home Young parted company with Storm and was promoted to Commander
Commander
Commander is a naval rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. Commander is also used as a rank or title in some organizations outside of the armed forces, particularly in police and law enforcement.-Commander as a naval...
on 31 July 1945 with a staff appointment with Seventh Submarine Flotilla aboard . In June, for the patrols from Fremantle a bar
Medal bar
A medal bar or medal clasp is a thin metal bar attached to the ribbon of a military decoration, civil decoration, or other medal. It is most commonly used to indicate the campaign or operation the recipient received the award for, and multiple bars on the same medal are used to indicate that the...
to the DSC was awarded, Young left the navy in November 1945.
Post war career
On being de-mobilizedDemobilization
Demobilization is the process of standing down a nation's armed forces from combat-ready status. This may be as a result of victory in war, or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and military force will not be necessary...
Young briefly rejoined the Reprint Society and then moved to Pan Books
Pan Books
Pan Books is an imprint which first became active in the 1940s and is now part of the British-based Macmillan Publishers owned by German publishers, Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group....
before moving to Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd as production director. In 1952, Young wrote his autobiography
Autobiography
An autobiography is a book about the life of a person, written by that person.-Origin of the term:...
entitled One Of Our Submarines which was printed by Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd. Two year later, Penguin Books honoured their former member of staff by making the paperback edition of One Of Our Submarines the 1000th Penguin publication.
He wrote three further non-fiction
Non-fiction
Non-fiction is the form of any narrative, account, or other communicative work whose assertions and descriptions are understood to be fact...
works; Look at Lighthouses (1961), The Fifth Passenger (1962) and Look at Submarines (1964) before retirement in 1973 having ended his working career as managing director of the Rainbird Publishing Group.