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Doublespeak

 

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Doublespeak



 
 
Doublespeak (sometimes called doubletalk) is language constructed to disguise or distort its actual meaning, often resulting in a communication bypass
Bypassing

In communications and linguistics, bypassing refers to the misunderstanding which develops when the recipient of a message infers a different Definition from the message than that intended by the communication source....
. Doublespeak may take the form of bald euphemism
Euphemism

A euphemism is a substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener, or in the case of #Doublespeak, to make it less troublesome for the speaker....
s (e.g., "downsizing" for layoff
Layoff

Layoff is the temporary suspension or permanent termination of employment of an employee or a group of employees for business reasons, such as the decision that certain positions are no longer necessary or a business slow-down or interruption in work....
s) or deliberate ambiguity
Ambiguity

Ambiguity is the property of being ambiguous, where a word, term, notation, sign, symbol, phrase, Sentence , or any other form used for communication, is called ambiguous if it can be interpreted in more than one way....
.

term doublespeak was coined in the early 1950s. It is often incorrectly attributed to George Orwell
George Orwell

Eric Arthur Blair , better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an England author. His work is marked by a profound consciousness of social injustice, an intense dislike of totalitarianism, and a passion for clarity in language....
 and his 1949 dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four
Nineteen Eighty-Four

Nineteen Eighty-Four is a classic utopian and dystopian fiction by English author George Orwell. Published in 1949 in literature, it is set in the eponymous year and focuses on a repressive, totalitarian regime....
. The term does not appear in that novel, although Orwell did coin newspeak
Newspeak

Newspeak is a fictional language in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. In the novel, it is described as being "the only language in the world whose vocabulary gets smaller every year"....
, oldspeak, and doublethink
Doublethink

Doublethink is the act of simultaneously accepting as correct two mutually contradictory beliefs. It is related to, but distinct from, hypocrisy and Neutrality ....
, and his novel made fashionable composite nouns with speak as the second element, which were previously unknown in English
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
.






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Encyclopedia


Doublespeak (sometimes called doubletalk) is language constructed to disguise or distort its actual meaning, often resulting in a communication bypass
Bypassing

In communications and linguistics, bypassing refers to the misunderstanding which develops when the recipient of a message infers a different Definition from the message than that intended by the communication source....
. Doublespeak may take the form of bald euphemism
Euphemism

A euphemism is a substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener, or in the case of #Doublespeak, to make it less troublesome for the speaker....
s (e.g., "downsizing" for layoff
Layoff

Layoff is the temporary suspension or permanent termination of employment of an employee or a group of employees for business reasons, such as the decision that certain positions are no longer necessary or a business slow-down or interruption in work....
s) or deliberate ambiguity
Ambiguity

Ambiguity is the property of being ambiguous, where a word, term, notation, sign, symbol, phrase, Sentence , or any other form used for communication, is called ambiguous if it can be interpreted in more than one way....
.

History

The term doublespeak was coined in the early 1950s. It is often incorrectly attributed to George Orwell
George Orwell

Eric Arthur Blair , better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an England author. His work is marked by a profound consciousness of social injustice, an intense dislike of totalitarianism, and a passion for clarity in language....
 and his 1949 dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four
Nineteen Eighty-Four

Nineteen Eighty-Four is a classic utopian and dystopian fiction by English author George Orwell. Published in 1949 in literature, it is set in the eponymous year and focuses on a repressive, totalitarian regime....
. The term does not appear in that novel, although Orwell did coin newspeak
Newspeak

Newspeak is a fictional language in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. In the novel, it is described as being "the only language in the world whose vocabulary gets smaller every year"....
, oldspeak, and doublethink
Doublethink

Doublethink is the act of simultaneously accepting as correct two mutually contradictory beliefs. It is related to, but distinct from, hypocrisy and Neutrality ....
, and his novel made fashionable composite nouns with speak as the second element, which were previously unknown in English
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
. Doublespeak may be considered, in Orwell's lexicography
Lexicography

The pursuit of lexicography is divided into two related disciplines:*Practical lexicography is the art or craft of compiling, writing and editing dictionary....
, as the vocabulary of Newspeak, words "deliberately constructed for political purposes: words, that is to say, which not only had in every case a political implication, but were intended to impose a desirable mental attitude upon the person using them." The term double talk (with a similar meaning) dates back to at least 1936.

See also

  • Double entendre
    Double entendre

    A double entendre is a figure of speech in which a spoken phrase can be understood in either of two ways. In most cases, the first meaning is presumed to be innocent and straightforward, while the second meaning is risqu?, inappropriate, or at least irony, requiring the hearer to have some additional knowledge....
  • Polite fiction
    Polite fiction

    Polite fiction refers to a social scenario in which all participants are aware of a truth, but pretend to believe in some alternate version of events to avoid conflict or embarrassment....


External links

  • A short essay by William Lutz
  • by Michele Damron (1998)