Dianthovirus
Encyclopedia
The viruses of the genus
Dianthovirus belong to the family
Tombusviridae
. Dianthoviruses are plant viruses. Examples of species of this genus include the type species, Carnation ringspot virus
, Red clover necrotic mosaic virus and Sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus. The virus probably has a worldwide distribution (1). The viruses can be (and have been) transmitted via nematodes, by mechanical inoculation, by grafting of plants and by contact between infected hosts with previously uninfected host
(1).
of their isoelectric point
is 4.5 (1). The virions become inactive from about 80-90 °C and are inactive above those temperatures. They are viable in vitro
for about 50-70 days (1). Treatment with ether
either decreases or does not alter their infectivity
(1). No lipids have so far been reported (1).
genomes that are linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
(1). These genomes are about 5300 nucleotides in length (1). They have a methylated cap at the 5'-end whose sequence type is m7GpppA (1). The genome
also codes for non-structural proteins as well as structural proteins (1). Three non-structural proteins have been found (1).
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Dianthovirus belong to the family
Family
In human context, a family is a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence. In most societies it is the principal institution for the socialization of children...
Tombusviridae
Tombusviridae
Tombusviridae is a family of single-stranded positive sense RNA plant viruses. The name is derived from the type species of the Tombusvirus genus, Tomato bushy stunt virus...
. Dianthoviruses are plant viruses. Examples of species of this genus include the type species, Carnation ringspot virus
Carnation ringspot virus
Carnation ringspot virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Tombusviridae.-External links:**...
, Red clover necrotic mosaic virus and Sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus. The virus probably has a worldwide distribution (1). The viruses can be (and have been) transmitted via nematodes, by mechanical inoculation, by grafting of plants and by contact between infected hosts with previously uninfected host
Host (biology)
In biology, a host is an organism that harbors a parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter. In botany, a host plant is one that supplies food resources and substrate for certain insects or other fauna...
(1).
Particles
Viruses of this genus have round, non-enveloped capsids with icosahedral symmetry and a “hexagonal” appearance (1). The capsid is 31-35 nm in diameter. The buoyant density in CsCl of virions is between 1.363-1.366 g cm-3(1). They have a sedimentation coefficient of 126-132-135 S20w (1). The pHPH
In chemistry, pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Pure water is said to be neutral, with a pH close to 7.0 at . Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline...
of their isoelectric point
Isoelectric point
The isoelectric point , sometimes abbreviated to IEP, is the pH at which a particular molecule or surface carries no net electrical charge....
is 4.5 (1). The virions become inactive from about 80-90 °C and are inactive above those temperatures. They are viable in vitro
In vitro
In vitro refers to studies in experimental biology that are conducted using components of an organism that have been isolated from their usual biological context in order to permit a more detailed or more convenient analysis than can be done with whole organisms. Colloquially, these experiments...
for about 50-70 days (1). Treatment with ether
Ether
Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R'. A typical example is the solvent and anesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether"...
either decreases or does not alter their infectivity
Infectivity
In epidemiology, infectivity refers to the ability of a pathogen to establish an infection. More specifically, infectivity is a pathogen's capacity for horizontal transmission that is, how frequently it spreads among hosts that are not in a parent-child relationship...
(1). No lipids have so far been reported (1).
Genome
These viruses have segmented, bipartiteBipartite
Bipartite means having two parts, or an agreement between two parties. More specifically, it may refer to any of the following:-Mathematics:* 2 * bipartite graph* bipartite cubic, a type of cubic function-Medicine:...
genomes that are linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
RNA
Ribonucleic acid , or RNA, is one of the three major macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life....
(1). These genomes are about 5300 nucleotides in length (1). They have a methylated cap at the 5'-end whose sequence type is m7GpppA (1). The genome
Genome
In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the entirety of an organism's hereditary information. It is encoded either in DNA or, for many types of virus, in RNA. The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA....
also codes for non-structural proteins as well as structural proteins (1). Three non-structural proteins have been found (1).