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The custard-apple, also called bullock's heart or bull's heart, is the fruit
Fruit

The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
 of the tree Annona reticulata
Annona reticulata

Annona reticulata is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae.It is best known for its fruit, called Custard-apple, a name it shares with fruits of other species from the same family: Annona cherimola and Annona squamosa or sometimes it is called Wild-sweetsop....
. This tree is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree
TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
 sometimes reaching tall and a native of the tropical New World
New World

The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth, specifically the Americas and Australasia. When the term originated in the late 15th century, the Americas were new to the Europeans, who previously thought of the world as consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa ....
 that prefers low elevations, and a warm, humid climate. It also occurs as feral
Feral

A feral organism is one that has escaped from domestication and returned, partly or wholly, to its wildlife state. The introduction of feral animals or plants, like any introduced species, can disrupt ecosystems and may, in some cases, contribute to extinction of indigenous species....
 populations in many parts of the world including Southeast Asia, Taiwan, India, Australia, and Africa.






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Encyclopedia


The custard-apple, also called bullock's heart or bull's heart, is the fruit
Fruit

The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
 of the tree Annona reticulata
Annona reticulata

Annona reticulata is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae.It is best known for its fruit, called Custard-apple, a name it shares with fruits of other species from the same family: Annona cherimola and Annona squamosa or sometimes it is called Wild-sweetsop....
. This tree is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree
TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
 sometimes reaching tall and a native of the tropical New World
New World

The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth, specifically the Americas and Australasia. When the term originated in the late 15th century, the Americas were new to the Europeans, who previously thought of the world as consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa ....
 that prefers low elevations, and a warm, humid climate. It also occurs as feral
Feral

A feral organism is one that has escaped from domestication and returned, partly or wholly, to its wildlife state. The introduction of feral animals or plants, like any introduced species, can disrupt ecosystems and may, in some cases, contribute to extinction of indigenous species....
 populations in many parts of the world including Southeast Asia, Taiwan, India, Australia, and Africa.

The fruits are variable in shape, heart shaped, oblong or irregular. The size ranges from to . When ripe, the fruit is brown or yellowish, with red highlights and a varying degree of reticulation, depending on variety. The flavor is sweet and pleasant.

In some regions of the world, "custard-apple" is another name for sugar-apple
Sugar-apple

Annona squamosa is a species of Annona native to the tropical Americas. Its exact native range is unknown due to extensive cultivation, but thought to be in the Caribbean; the species was described from Jamaica....
 or sweetsop (Annona squamosa
Annona squamosa

|image = Sugar-apple.jpg|image_caption = Sugar-apple|regnum = Plantae|unranked_divisio = Angiosperms|unranked_classis = Magnoliids|ordo = Magnoliales...
), a different plant in the same genus
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
. In Britain, "custard-apple" refers to cherimoya
Cherimoya

The cherimoya is a species of Annona native to the Andes-highland valleys of Ecuador and Peru. It is a deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub or small tree reaching 7 m tall....
, the fruit of Annona cherimola
Annona cherimola

Originally called Chirimuya by the Inca Empire who lived where it was growing in the Andes of South America, Annona cherimola is an edible fruit bearing species of the genus Annona from the family Annonaceae is now widely cultivated mostly for its sweet fruits that share the name Custard-apple with others in its family....
, a third plant in the same genus.

Uses

The fruits are tasty and nutritious but all parts of this tree can be useful. Food:The fruit is good to eat as is but also makes a sweet drink and can be used as a milk substitute
Milk substitute

A milk substitute is a liquid that replaces milk in a Diet or recipe. This overlaps with but is distinct from the group of milk-like liquids called "milks" because of their similarity to the liquid produced by mammary glands....
. Medicinal: The unripe fruit has been used to assist against diarrhea
Diarrhea

In medicine, diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea , is characterized by frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. The spelling of "diarrhea" is an appropriation of the Greek "diarrhoia" meaning "a flowing through." ....
 and dysentery
Dysentery

Dysentery is a disorder of the digestive system that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and/or blood in the feces. If untreated, Dysentery can be fatal....
. The tree bark is used for skin
Skin

The skin is the outer covering of the body, also known as the epidermis. It is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of epithelial biological tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and organ s....
 and mucosae
Mucous membrane

The mucous membranes are linings of mostly germ layer origin, covered in epithelium, which are involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organ ....
 medicines and the seed bark contains useful tannins and astringent
Astringent

An astringent substance is a chemical that tends to shrink or constrict body tissues, usually locally after topical medicinal application. The word "astringent" derives from Latin adstringere, meaning "to bind fast"....
s. The leaves are believed to have healing properties and have been used against tumor
Tumor

A tumor or tumour is the name for a swelling or lesion formed by an abnormal growth of cells . Tumor is not synonymous with cancer. A tumor can be Benign neoplasm, Carcinoma in situ or malignant, whereas cancer is by definition malignant....
s and cancer
Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cell display uncontrolled growth , invasion , and sometimes metastasis . These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, do not invade or metastasize....
s. The bark has been used on gums to relieve toothaches. Other: The leaves also provide ingredients used to make dye
Dye

A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an Chemical affinity to the Wiktionary:substrate to which it is being applied....
s, stain
Stain

A stain is a discoloration that can be clearly distinguished from the surface, material, or medium it is found upon. Stains are caused by the chemical or physical interaction of two dissimilar materials....
s, ink
Ink

An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to produce an , writing, or design. Ink is used for drawing and/or writing with a pen, brush or quill....
s, tattoo
Tattoo

A tattoo is a permanent marking made by inserting ink into the layers of skin to change the pigment for decorative or other reasons. Tattoos on humans are a type of decorative body modification, while tattoos on animals are most commonly used for identification or branding....
s and mordant
Mordant

A mordant is a substance used to set dyes on fabrics by forming an insoluble compound with the dye. It may be used for dyeing fabrics, or for intensifying stains in cell or tissue preparations....
s. The whole plant is a source of hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide

Hydrogen cyanide is a chemical compound with chemical formula HCN. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water is called hydrocyanic acid. Hydrogen cyanide is a colorless, extremely poisonous, and highly volatility liquid that boiling slightly above room temperature at 26 Celsius ....
.
Fatty-acid methyl ester
Ester

An ester is an often Aroma compound organic chemistry or partially organic compound formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol or aromatic alcohol with the elimination of water....
 of the seed oil meets all of the major biodiesel
Biodiesel

Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based diesel fuel consisting of long chain alkyl esters, made by transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fat , which can be used in unmodified diesel-engine vehicles....
 requirements in the USA (ASTM D 6751-02, ASTM PS 121-99), Germany (DIN V 51606) and European Union (EN 14214).



Cultivars

Tikal: is of excellent quality and medium yield; its flesh is bright-red, except in the white areas surrounding the seeds.

Canul: has a medium fruit with a waxy, shiny dark-red surface and purplish red flesh; it is very aromatic and deliciously sweet with few concretions of hard cells.

Sartenaya: has a medium fruit with a waxy, shiny red surface and pink flesh with a magnificent taste and texture. Although the fruit is not as attractive in appearance as that of the previous two cultivars. the tree is sturdier.

San Pablo: has a long, large fruit with an opaque, light-red surface. The flesh is dark-pink with a good aroma and taste. It is a vigorous, productive cultivar.

Benque: has a big conical fruit with a dark-red surface and very tasty dark-pink flesh.

Caledonia: has a small fruit with a dark surface: it is very attractive to cochineal insects (Philophaedra sp.), which are not very common in other varieties. The flesh is pink and has an excellent taste.

Chonox: has a medium fruit with a red skin and juicy. very tasty pink flesh; it is very productive and, for this reason, often has low-quality fruit. It produces abundant flowers in groups of up to 16.


Names in other languages

  • Arabic - shajarat il-qisha (???? ??????)
  • Assamese - at.loch
  • Kannada - sithaphala
  • Bangla - atta
  • French - cachiman
  • Haitian Creole - kachiman
  • Hindi/Marathi - Ramphal/Ram's fruit or Sitafal/Sita's fruit
  • Malayalam - aattha chakka (chakka = fruit)
  • Tamil - sita pazham (???? ????)
  • Telugu - sita phalam
  • Thai - noi-na (????????)
  • Urdu - shareefah (?????)
  • Vietnamese - bình bát or mãng c?u
  • Spanish (Puerto Rico
    Puerto Rico

    Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is a Autonomy Territories of the United States of the United States located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands....
    ) - corazón (Heart
    Heart

    The heart is a muscle organ in all vertebrates responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in annelids, mollusks, and arthropods....
    )
  • Sinhala - aththa/anoda
  • Tagalog - anonas


Shariffa- Apple Custard in Hindi

External links