Comprehension has the following meanings:
- In general usage, and more specifically in reference to education
Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual...
and psychologyPsychology is an academic and applied discipline involving the systematic, and sometimes scientific, study of human or animal mental functions and behavior...
, it has roughly the same meaning as understandingUnderstanding is a psychological process related to an abstract or physical object, such as a person, situation, or message whereby one is able to think about it and use concepts to deal adequately with that object....
.
- Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension is defined as the level of understanding of a writing.Proficient reading depends on the ability to recognize words quickly and effortlessly...
measures the understanding of a passage of text
- In logic
Logic, from the Greek λογική is the art and science of reasoning. More specifically, it is defined by the Penguin Encyclopedia to be "The formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning". As a discipline, logic dates back to Aristotle, who established its...
, the comprehensionIn logic, the comprehension of an object is the totality of intensions, that is, attributes, characters, marks, properties, or qualities, that the object possesses, or else the totality of intensions that are pertinent to the context of a given discussion...
of an object is the totality of intensionIn linguistics, logic, philosophy, and other fields, an intension is any property or quality connoted by a word, phrase or other symbol. In the case of a word, it is often implied by the word's definition...
s, that is, properties or qualities, that it possesses.
- Related to this, in Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures...
, comprehension (or comprehensiveness) refers to the theological inclusiveness and liturgical breadth thought to be integral to the definition of the tradition
- In set theory
The modern study of set theory was initiated by Cantor and Dedekind in the 1870s. After the discovery of paradoxes in informal set theory, numerous axiom systems were proposed in the early twentieth century, of which the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms, with the axiom of choice, are the best-known.The...
, comprehension is another name for the axiom schema of specificationIn axiomatic set theory and the branches of logic, mathematics, and computer science that use it, the axiom schema of specification, axiom schema of separation, subset axiom scheme or axiom schema of restricted comprehension, is a schema of axioms in Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory...
(or more specifically, the axiom schema of unrestricted specification).
- A related term in computer science
Computer science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems. It is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that create, describe and transform...
, list comprehension, denotes an adaptation of mathematical set notation to represent infinite lists.
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Comprehension has the following meanings:
- In general usage, and more specifically in reference to education
Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual...
and psychologyPsychology is an academic and applied discipline involving the systematic, and sometimes scientific, study of human or animal mental functions and behavior...
, it has roughly the same meaning as understandingUnderstanding is a psychological process related to an abstract or physical object, such as a person, situation, or message whereby one is able to think about it and use concepts to deal adequately with that object....
.
- Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension is defined as the level of understanding of a writing.Proficient reading depends on the ability to recognize words quickly and effortlessly...
measures the understanding of a passage of text
- In logic
Logic, from the Greek λογική is the art and science of reasoning. More specifically, it is defined by the Penguin Encyclopedia to be "The formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning". As a discipline, logic dates back to Aristotle, who established its...
, the comprehensionIn logic, the comprehension of an object is the totality of intensions, that is, attributes, characters, marks, properties, or qualities, that the object possesses, or else the totality of intensions that are pertinent to the context of a given discussion...
of an object is the totality of intensionIn linguistics, logic, philosophy, and other fields, an intension is any property or quality connoted by a word, phrase or other symbol. In the case of a word, it is often implied by the word's definition...
s, that is, properties or qualities, that it possesses.
- Related to this, in Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures...
, comprehension (or comprehensiveness) refers to the theological inclusiveness and liturgical breadth thought to be integral to the definition of the tradition
- In set theory
The modern study of set theory was initiated by Cantor and Dedekind in the 1870s. After the discovery of paradoxes in informal set theory, numerous axiom systems were proposed in the early twentieth century, of which the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms, with the axiom of choice, are the best-known.The...
, comprehension is another name for the axiom schema of specificationIn axiomatic set theory and the branches of logic, mathematics, and computer science that use it, the axiom schema of specification, axiom schema of separation, subset axiom scheme or axiom schema of restricted comprehension, is a schema of axioms in Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory...
(or more specifically, the axiom schema of unrestricted specification).
- A related term in computer science
Computer science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems. It is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that create, describe and transform...
, list comprehension, denotes an adaptation of mathematical set notation to represent infinite lists. Comprehensions are most closely associated with HaskellHaskell is a standardized, general-purpose purely functional programming language, with non-strict semantics and strong static typing. It is named after logician Haskell Curry.- History :...
, but are available in other languages such as PythonPython is a general-purpose high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to "[combine] remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive...
, Scheme and Common LispCommon Lisp, commonly abbreviated CL, is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in ANSI standard document ANSI INCITS 226-1994 , . Developed to standardize the divergent variants of Lisp which predated it, it is not an implementation but rather a language specification...
.