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Chimonanthus (wintersweet) is a genus of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s in the family Calycanthaceae
Calycanthaceae

The Calycanthaceae is a small family of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains four genera and only 6-11 species, restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions:...
, endemic
Endemic (ecology)

Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location, such as a specific island, Habitat type, nation, or other defined zone....
 to China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
. The genus includes three to six species depending on taxonomic interpretation; three are accepted by the Draft Flora of China. The name means winter flower in Greek.

are deciduous
Deciduous

Deciduous means falling off at maturity or tending to fall off and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe....
 or evergreen
Evergreen

In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant having leaf all year round. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage for part of the year....
 shrub
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
s growing to 2–13 m tall. The leaves
Leaf

In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant Organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues....
 are opposite, entire, 7–20cm long and 3–7 cm broad.






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Encyclopedia


Chimonanthus (wintersweet) is a genus of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s in the family Calycanthaceae
Calycanthaceae

The Calycanthaceae is a small family of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains four genera and only 6-11 species, restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions:...
, endemic
Endemic (ecology)

Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location, such as a specific island, Habitat type, nation, or other defined zone....
 to China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
. The genus includes three to six species depending on taxonomic interpretation; three are accepted by the Draft Flora of China. The name means winter flower in Greek.

Description

They are deciduous
Deciduous

Deciduous means falling off at maturity or tending to fall off and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe....
 or evergreen
Evergreen

In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant having leaf all year round. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage for part of the year....
 shrub
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
s growing to 2–13 m tall. The leaves
Leaf

In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant Organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues....
 are opposite, entire, 7–20cm long and 3–7 cm broad. The flower
Flower

A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproduction structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds....
s are 2–3 cm wide, with numerous spirally-arranged yellow or white tepal
Tepal

Tepals are elements of the perianth, or outer part of a flower, which include the petals or sepals. The term tepal is usually used when all segments of the perianth are of similar shape and color, or undifferentiated....
s; they are strongly scented, and produced in late winter or early spring before the new leaves. The fruit
Fruit

The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
 is an elliptic dry capsule
Capsule (fruit)

In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. A capsule is a dehiscent structure composed of two or more carpels, that, at maturity, split apart to release the seeds within....
 3–4 cm long.

Species

  • Chimonanthus caespitosus T.B. Chao
  • Chimonanthus campanulatus R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding
  • Chimonanthus grammatus M.C. Liu
  • Chimonanthus nitens
    Chimonanthus nitens

    Chimonanthus nitens is a species of the genus of wintersweets Chimonanthus and member of the family Calycanthaceae ....
     Oliv.
    • Chimonanthus campanulatus R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding
    • Chimonanthus zhejiangensis M.C. Liu
  • Chimonanthus praecox
    Chimonanthus praecox

    Chimonanthus praecox also known as Japanese allspice is a species of the wintersweet genus Chimonanthus and a member of the family Calycanthaceae....
     (L.) Link
    • Chimonanthus fragrans Lindl.
    • Chimonanthus parviflorus Raf.
    • Chimonanthus yunnanensis W.W. Sm.
  • Chimonanthus salicifolius
    Chimonanthus salicifolius

    Chimonanthus salicifolius is a species of the genus of wintersweets Chimonanthus and member of the family Calycanthaceae....
     S.Y. Hu
Source: MBG

Cultivation and uses

Chimonanthus praecox is widely grown as an ornamental plant
Ornamental plant

Ornamental plants are typically grown in the flower garden or as house plants. Most commonly they are grown for the display of their flowers. Other common ornamental features include leaves, scent, fruit, Plant stem and bark....
 for its spicily scented winter flowers; these are also used in floristry as cut flowering branches, which can also be forced as with forsythia. The plant prefers medium exposure to sunlight or partial shadow, fresh climate, and soft, acid
Acid

An acid is traditionally considered any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion Activity greater than in pure water, i.e....
ic permeable ground.

At the end of its flowering, since it flowers most freely on ripened young wood and has little summer and autumn interest, it is thinned by pruning, partly headed back and a few thick old stems removed at the ground,.

Chimonanthus are frequently subject to attacks from aphids, and may be attacked by mites
MITES

MITES, or Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science, is a six-week summer program for rising high school seniors held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology....
 and leaf beetle
Leaf beetle

Beetles in the family Chrysomelidae are commonly known as leaf beetles. This is a family of over 35,000 species in more than 2,500 Genus, one of the largest and most commonly-encountered of all beetle families....
s.

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