Campos dos Goytacazes is a
municipalityA municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. A municipality is typically governed by a mayor and a city council or municipal council.The notion of municipality...
and city located in the northern area of Rio de Janeiro State,
BrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the fifth largest country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the fifth most populous country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean...
, with a population of 431,839 inhabitants. Its area is 4,031.910 km², which makes it the largest municipality in the state and its elevation is 14 m. Its name comes from the geographical characteristic of the region, very flat with fields ("campos" in Portuguese) and from the Goytacazes Indians, that inhabited the region. Campos, as the city is usually known, is a macro region of the Northern Fluminense, and is a micro region of Campos dos Goytacazes. The city has a tropical climate.
The colonization of the area started in the 16th century, and on May 29, 1677 was created the São Salvador de Campos de Goytacazes village. On March 28, 1835 the village was promoted to city status.
The city's distance to
Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America. The city was the capital of Brazil for nearly two centuries, from 1763 to 1822 during the Portuguese colonial era, and...
city, which is the capital of the state, is 286 km, and the BR-101 is the access highway of the city of Campos. Regular air services are operated from its airport
Bartolomeu LysandroBartolomeu Lysandro Airport , sometimes also written as Bartolomeu Lisandro, is the airport serving the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, in the north of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, located 7 km from the city center....
. It is the easternmost municipality in Rio de Janeiro.
The
Roman Catholic Diocese of CamposThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Campos is a diocese located in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes in the Ecclesiastical province of Niterói in Brazil.-History:On December 4, 1922 it was established as the Diocese of Campos from the Diocese of Niterói....
was the see of Bishop
Antônio de Castro MayerAntônio de Castro Mayer, STL was a Brazilian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. A Traditionalist Catholic and ally of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, he was Bishop of Campos from 1949 until his resignation in 1981....
, nicknamed "The Lion of Campos", who was one of the bishops who opposed the Vatican II reforms and who teamed with Archbishop
Marcel LefebvreMarcel-François Lefebvre was a French Roman Catholic archbishop. Following a career as an Apostolic Delegate for West Africa and Superior General of the Holy Ghost Fathers, he took the lead in opposing the changes within the Church associated with the Second Vatican Council.In 1970, Lefebvre...
of Dakar to consecrate four independent bishops in Econe, Switzerland, 1991. Nowadays there are in Campos two Roman Catholic jurisdictions: a Diocese, whose Bishop is Monsignor Roberto Gomes Guimarães and the
Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary VianneyThe Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney was established on 18 January 2002 by Pope John Paul II for traditionalist Catholic clergy and laity within the Diocese of Campos in Brazil. It is the only Personal Apostolic Administration in existence...
, whose Apostolic Administrator is Monsignor Fernando Areas Rifan.
Economy
The GDP for the city was R$ 16,116,180,000 (2005).
The
per capita incomePer capita income means how much each individual receives, in monetary terms, of the yearly income generated in the country. This is what each citizen is to receive if the yearly national income is divided equally among everyone. Per capita income is usually reported in units of currency per year...
for the city was R$ 37,813 (2005).
Education
Portuguese languagePortuguese is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and northern Portugal. It is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago...
is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. But
EnglishEnglish is a West Germanic language that developed in England during the Anglo-Saxon era. As a result of the military, economic, scientific, political, and cultural influence of the British Empire during the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries, and of the United States since the mid 20th century,...
and
SpanishSpanish or Castilian is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that originated in northern Spain and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile, evolving into the principal language of government and trade in the Iberian peninsula...
are part of the official
high schoolHigh school is the name used in some parts of the world, particularly in Scotland, Northern America and Oceania, to describe an institution that provides all or part of secondary education...
curriculum.
Educational institutions
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense;
- Universidade Cândido Mendes
Universidade Cândido Mendes is a private university located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is Latin America's oldest private university.-History:...
;
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro;
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos;
- Faculdade de Direito de Campos;
- Faculdade de Odontologia Campos;
- CEFET-Campos;
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
The Fluminense Federal University is one of the four federally funded public universities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
;
- Universidade Salgado de Oliveira;
- Universidade Estácio de Sá;
- Faculdade Batista Fluminense;
- Ise-Censa;
- Unigranrio;
Sports
There are at least three football (soccer) clubs in the city:
Americano Futebol ClubeAmericano Futebol Clube, or Americano as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro, founded on June 1, 1914.They play in black and white stripes, black shorts and socks.-History:...
,
Goytacaz Futebol ClubeGoytacaz Futebol Clube, or Goytacaz as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro, founded on August 20, 1912.Home stadium is the Ary de Oliveira e Souza stadium, capacity 15,000...
and Clube Esportivo Rio Branco. The derby between Americano and Goytacaz is known as Goyta-cano.
External links