COMES
Encyclopedia
The French Solar Energy Authority (Commissariat à l'Energie Solaire, ComES), a public scientific and industrial
entity, was set up in 1978 to promote a comprehensive energy policy based on energy savings, on efficient energy management, and on renewable sources of energy
(photovoltaic, solar thermal, wind
, hydraulic
, biomass
). It was supervised by the Ministry for Industry and by the Ministry for Research. When it was discontinued, its duties were taken up by the French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management, ADEME.
The first Managing Director and Chief Executive of ComES was M. Henry Durand, an engineer.
As a national agency, COMES defined, financed and evaluated projects using renewable energies. Shortly after this agency was created, its Department of International Affairs was set up (by Jean-Jacques Subrenat
, a career diplomat), and became involved in a number of projects, both multilateral and in the context of bilateral relations between France
and partner countries.
A new distribution of tasks among public agencies led to the French Solar Energy Authority being discontinued: its tasks were taken over, and expanded, by the Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME) which, compared with its predecessors, has a wider purview which includes the environment.
Industry
Industry refers to the production of an economic good or service within an economy.-Industrial sectors:There are four key industrial economic sectors: the primary sector, largely raw material extraction industries such as mining and farming; the secondary sector, involving refining, construction,...
entity, was set up in 1978 to promote a comprehensive energy policy based on energy savings, on efficient energy management, and on renewable sources of energy
Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable . About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewables, with 10% coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 3.4% from...
(photovoltaic, solar thermal, wind
Wind power
Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electricity, windmills for mechanical power, windpumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships....
, hydraulic
Hydropower
Hydropower, hydraulic power, hydrokinetic power or water power is power that is derived from the force or energy of falling water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Since ancient times, hydropower has been used for irrigation and the operation of various mechanical devices, such as...
, biomass
Biomass
Biomass, as a renewable energy source, is biological material from living, or recently living organisms. As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly, or converted into other energy products such as biofuel....
). It was supervised by the Ministry for Industry and by the Ministry for Research. When it was discontinued, its duties were taken up by the French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management, ADEME.
The first Managing Director and Chief Executive of ComES was M. Henry Durand, an engineer.
As a national agency, COMES defined, financed and evaluated projects using renewable energies. Shortly after this agency was created, its Department of International Affairs was set up (by Jean-Jacques Subrenat
Jean-Jacques Subrenat
Jean-Jacques Subrenat is a French diplomat who served as ambassador, permanent representative to the WEU in Brussels , ambassador to Estonia and to Finland . He represented France at the Board of Governors of the Asia-Europe Foundation in 2005. He retired from the diplomatic service in September...
, a career diplomat), and became involved in a number of projects, both multilateral and in the context of bilateral relations between France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and partner countries.
A new distribution of tasks among public agencies led to the French Solar Energy Authority being discontinued: its tasks were taken over, and expanded, by the Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME) which, compared with its predecessors, has a wider purview which includes the environment.