Burke Civil War 1333-38
Encyclopedia
The Burke Civil War was a conflict in Ireland in the 1330s between three leading members of the de Burgh
(Burke/Bourke
) family.
, was murdered by his household knights in June 1333. His only child, Elizabeth de Burgh
(1332–1363), succeeded as Countess of Ulster and legal heir to the de Burgh estate as an infant. But because she was an infant, and a female, she was taken by her mother to England
for safety.
Meanwhile, three members of the de Burgh family fought against each other in an attempt to preserve their own personal estates, and overall control of the massive de Burgh inheritance in Ireland. They were:
, which was reconquored within a year by the Gaelic
-Irish
.
The remaining de Burghs in Ireland fragmented into three distinct clans, all of which had several sub-septs. They were:
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William de Burgh
, died 1205. Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent
, d. 1243.
| (issue; John and Hubert)
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Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Baron of Connaught Hubert de Burgh, Bishop of Limerick, d. 1250. Richard Óge de Burgh
| (Burke of Clanricarde
)
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Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster
William Óg de Burgh
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Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
Edmond Albanach de Burgh
| (Mac William Íochtar
)
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John de Burgh Edmond de Burgh
, 1298-1338.
| (Clan William Bourke of Munster
)
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William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster
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Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
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Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster
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Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March
De Burgh
de Burgh is a surname, and may refer to:* Chris de Burgh , musician and songwriter* Edmond Albanach de Burgh , Lord of Connaught* Elizabeth de Burgh , Scottish royal consort...
(Burke/Bourke
Bourke
Bourke may refer to:* Bourke, New South Wales* Bourke engine* Bourke Street, Melbourne, a street in Melbourne, Australia-People with the surname:* Jamie Bourke, Australian ice hockey player...
) family.
Background
William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of UlsterWilliam Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster
William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster and 4th Baron of Connaught , was a noble in the Peerage of Ireland.-Background:...
, was murdered by his household knights in June 1333. His only child, Elizabeth de Burgh
Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, suo jure 4th Countess of Ulster and 5th Baroness of Connaught was a Norman-Irish noblewoman who married Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence.- Family :...
(1332–1363), succeeded as Countess of Ulster and legal heir to the de Burgh estate as an infant. But because she was an infant, and a female, she was taken by her mother to England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
for safety.
Meanwhile, three members of the de Burgh family fought against each other in an attempt to preserve their own personal estates, and overall control of the massive de Burgh inheritance in Ireland. They were:
- Sir Edmond de BurghEdmond de BurghSir Edmund de Burgh, Irish knight and ancestor of the Burke family of Clanwilliam, 1298–1338.-Background:De Burgh was the fifth and last surviving son of Richard, Lord of Connaught and Earl of Ulster...
of CastleconnellCastleconnellCastleconnell is a scenic village on the banks of the River Shannon, some from Limerick city and within a few minutes walk of the boundaries with counties Clare and Tipperary....
, only surviving uncle of the Brown Earl and senior member of the de Burgh dynasty.
- Sir Edmond Albanach de BurghEdmond Albanach de Burgh-Early life:Edmond Albanach was the son of Sir William Liath de Burgh. He acquired his nickname from the time he spent in Scotland from the spring of 1316 as a hostage for his father, after the latter's release by Robert the Bruce.-Mac William Íochtar:...
of north ConnachtConnachtConnacht , formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for...
, a cousin of the Brown Earl and Sir Edmond of Castleconnell.
- Sir Uilleag de Burgh of south ConnachtConnachtConnacht , formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for...
, chief of an illegitimate branch of the de Burghs.
Loss and divisions
The eventual outcome of the war was the loss of almost all the de Burgh lands in UlsterUlster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
, which was reconquored within a year by the Gaelic
Gaels
The Gaels or Goidels are speakers of one of the Goidelic Celtic languages: Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Manx. Goidelic speech originated in Ireland and subsequently spread to western and northern Scotland and the Isle of Man....
-Irish
Irish people
The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...
.
The remaining de Burghs in Ireland fragmented into three distinct clans, all of which had several sub-septs. They were:
- Clan William Bourke of County LimerickCounty LimerickIt is thought that humans had established themselves in the Lough Gur area of the county as early as 3000 BC, while megalithic remains found at Duntryleague date back further to 3500 BC...
- Mac William ÍochtarMac William ÍochtarMac William Íochtar was a term meaning both a territory and a title in Ireland. The territory covered much of the northern part of the province of Connacht. The Mac William Íochtar functioned as a regional king and received the White Rod...
of County MayoCounty MayoCounty Mayo is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Mayo, which is now generally known as Mayo Abbey. Mayo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 130,552... - Mac William Uachtar/ClanricardeClanricardeClanricarde was a term meaning both a territory and a title in Ireland between the 13th and early 20th centuries.-Territory:The territory, in what is now County Galway, Ireland, stretched from the barony of County Clare in the north-west along the borders of County Mayo, to the River Shannon in the...
Burke of County GalwayCounty GalwayCounty Galway is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the city of Galway. Galway County Council is the local authority for the county. There are several strongly Irish-speaking areas in the west of the county...
Clan William, Mac William, Clanricarde
Walter de Burgh|
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William de Burgh
William de Burgh
William de Burgh, founder of the de Burgh/Burke/Bourke family of Ireland, d. 1206.-In Ireland:He arrived in Ireland in 1185 and was closely associated with Prince John....
, died 1205. Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent
Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent
Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent was Earl of Kent, Justiciar of England and Ireland, and one of the most influential men in England during the reigns of John and Henry III.-Birth and family:...
, d. 1243.
| (issue; John and Hubert)
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Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Baron of Connaught Hubert de Burgh, Bishop of Limerick, d. 1250. Richard Óge de Burgh
Richard Óge de Burgh
Richard Óge de Burgh, Anglo-Irish noble and soldier, ancestor of Burke of Clanricarde, fl. early-to-mid 13th century.-Background:De Burgh was a younger, illegitimate son, of William de Burgh...
| (Burke of Clanricarde
Clanricarde
Clanricarde was a term meaning both a territory and a title in Ireland between the 13th and early 20th centuries.-Territory:The territory, in what is now County Galway, Ireland, stretched from the barony of County Clare in the north-west along the borders of County Mayo, to the River Shannon in the...
)
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Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster
Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster
Walter de Burgh was 2nd Lord of Connaught and 1st Earl of Ulster .De Burgh was the second son of Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Lord of Connaught and Egidia de Lacy. He founded Athassel Priory....
William Óg de Burgh
William Og de Burgh
Sir William Óg de Burgh, Anglo-Irish noble and soldier, died 1270.Sir William Óg was the third son of Richard Mor de Burgh, Lord of Connaught. De Burgh served with distinction in France with King Henry III in 1245 and later in Scotland. He was involved in fierce feudal warfare in Ireland where he...
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Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster and 3rd Baron of Connaught , called The Red Earl, was one of the most powerful Irish nobles of the late 13th and early 14th centuries.-Early life:...
Edmond Albanach de Burgh
Edmond Albanach de Burgh
-Early life:Edmond Albanach was the son of Sir William Liath de Burgh. He acquired his nickname from the time he spent in Scotland from the spring of 1316 as a hostage for his father, after the latter's release by Robert the Bruce.-Mac William Íochtar:...
| (Mac William Íochtar
Mac William Íochtar
Mac William Íochtar was a term meaning both a territory and a title in Ireland. The territory covered much of the northern part of the province of Connacht. The Mac William Íochtar functioned as a regional king and received the White Rod...
)
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John de Burgh Edmond de Burgh
Edmond de Burgh
Sir Edmund de Burgh, Irish knight and ancestor of the Burke family of Clanwilliam, 1298–1338.-Background:De Burgh was the fifth and last surviving son of Richard, Lord of Connaught and Earl of Ulster...
, 1298-1338.
| (Clan William Bourke of Munster
Munster
Munster is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the south of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes...
)
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William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster
William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster
William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster and 4th Baron of Connaught , was a noble in the Peerage of Ireland.-Background:...
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Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, suo jure 4th Countess of Ulster and 5th Baroness of Connaught was a Norman-Irish noblewoman who married Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence.- Family :...
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Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster
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Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March