Bartolomé Morales
Encyclopedia
Bartolome Morales was a lieutenant colonel of the Spanish infantry that reached the post of lieutenant governor in several cities of Cuba
and influenced politically in Bayamo
, Santiago del Prado Real de Minas de Cobre and Holguín
(1763 to 1774). He also was interim governor of East Florida
(March 1796 - June 1796).
, Cádiz
(Andalusia
, Spain
), but he grew up in Seville
. He worked as Staff Assistant in the Infantry Regiment of Navarre as part of the Regiment newcomer Córdoba
. Sometime before 1763, Bartolomé fought against Muslims in Ceuta
.
of Cuba Volunteer Militia decided that the Infantry
of the island was earmarked Officers
,
sergeant
s and corporal
s of other places that instruct the soldier
s, bearing in mind that discipline should be achieved with as little tax as possible to the wages of the militia. It should make choices based on the quality of the subjects.
Bartolome Morales is one of the elected officials to march to the Cuban Militia, and he will become Lieutenant
of the Third Company of that body shall exercise the degree that he, as an officer graduated from the March 30, 1763, but he will begin to enjoy from May 23, 1766, six days after marriage. The Regiment
of Córdoba
, which belonged Bartolomé, left the port of Cadiz
on 27 April of that year, and this arrived at the port of Havana
on 30 July. Just arrived at the port, Bartolomé and Sergeant Francisco Varela Pérez, were housed in the fortress of San Carlos de la Cabaña
, where he miraculously escaped the ravages that the black vomit, fever
and other tropical epidemics, made of the helpless and misfits soldiers killed.
In 1764, under the plan of reorganization of all forces on the island, were also organized militia volunteer infantry white and colored by the Rules of O'Reilly, in which the inhabitants of major cities were prepared militarily to defend themselves from pirate attacks, bands of outlaws or the armies of other powers. With this objective were created 16 companies of this kind in the country. Within this new military structure, Bartolomé was appointed to the White Volunteer troops Cuba, Bayamo
and Holguín
. Thus, Bartolomé will his early years in eastern Cuba, lived at different times in the cities of Bayamo
, Santiago del Prado Real de Minas de Cobre and Holguín
.
In Bayamo, using ideas and techniques regulated by his superiors, he recruited militants reasons in the sense of pride in defending their lands, their property and their country, using as a slogan, the one assigned to his troops: "Ever onward is glory. "
Gradually, Bartolomé, for his responsibility, readiness, discipline and obedience to achieve new tasks entrusted with greater responsibility. Thus, between 1767 and 1770, he is Cape Commander, the highest authority of the town of Santiago del Prado (El Cobre).
In this village of El Cobre, he will have the responsibility to serve not only military and administrative functions, but also the attention to King's slaves who work there.
In this mining town, the young soldier should care for the preservation of peace and good social harmony, trying not to develop conflicts or disputes, with prudence and respect for people and customs.
When meeting off mining, it ensures that the residents of the village, slaves and primarily apply to the cultivation and planting of rice, vegetables and fruits to avoid idleness and misery.
He visits with mayors all the rooms and fields of the neighborhood, stimulating productive activity and report the use and exploitation of land, while he called the owners of uncultivated land and to ensure that workers idle.
Among the administrative activities under his supervision is that of attending to the details on the supply of meat to the population and price controls, which should not exceed the possibilities of purchasing, licensing discretion to owners of farms to kill cattle, no more than two to eat and to make jerky, thus ensuring that residents are not tyrannized by the sellers of meat or for any other producers of supplies, it is only allowed in any sale, a regular income.
As top military authority of the people he will be attentive to those persons considered criminals who are a problem for society, treating them with firmness and inviting them to think better in your situation.
He also made the censuses of population and slaves of the King, to track its location, bordering where necessary, licensing is transferred from one place to another, except in cases of urgent necessity.
He participates in collaboration with the local priest in ordinary elections of mayors and aldermen at the beginning of each year, ensuring that these dignities relapse in subjects well, white, with good intentions and are unfit for work, mainly elderly.
He also attends the election of the Holy Brotherhood, which deals to pursue runaway slaves, so they have good behavior, and they are not harmful or complaints promote among the population.
Later, in San Isidoro de Holguín
, between 1771 and 1772, as in other regions that he had to attend, he will focus on establishing and training the troops of volunteers and educate young people in military discipline, while he reaches the high dignity of the Lieutenant Governor of that city, from where it will, later, to the city of Cuba
to work directly with the Governor of this important city. In 1773, he began working in the Department of Inspection of troops on the island and finally in 1774, he will go to Havana
, requesting their inclusion in the Volunteer Corps that city to prosper and move up the career Military Fixed Infantry Regiment, where he recognized his meritorious service and seniority.
In that body he enlisted as an officer, while he will continue working in the Department of Inspection of troops from Cuba, a position he played from 1773.
and joined the Third Battalion Cuban Regiment located in the Castillo de San Marcos
in St. Augustine, Florida
, which was then a unit of the Captaincy General of Cuba
. He arrived there with his daughter Rita Josefa and his grandson Felix Varela, aged four, whose mother, Maria Josefa Ignacia, died a few days after giving birth. He obtained the post of acting governor of East Florida
in March 1796 and he left in June of that year and was replaced by Enrique White.
Pedro Medina Barrios, whom he met in 1764, when he was sent to Cuba
. She was a native of the city of Cuba. His father was a sergeant and small landowner dedicated to the cultivation of snuff, which he produced on land owned in the town of Santiago del Prado, (El Cobre).
Bartolomé will join in this town, and he will live folk customs, among which is the devotion to the Virgen Morena, Our Lady of Charity
, linked to the religious tradition of the Cubans
. There, the couple have three daughters: Maria Josefa Ignacia, Rita and Maria Josefa Morales, born in the town of Cuba. The first one died a few days after giving birth, so that his son Félix (1788?-1853) was raised by his aunts, especially by Rita. In 1790 Bartolomé, his daughter Rita and her grandson Félix, of two year (four of six year, according others sources), settled in Florida
, after serving in this place as commander. Bartolomé wanted to turn his grandson in a military. So, when he was 14 he proposed start the race as a cadet at a military school, but he refused, saying that his vocation was not to kill people, but save him. So Varela asked enter a seminary to become a priest. Félix Varela
, who was raised in Florida until he was fourteen, later became a priest very important in Latin America
.
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
and influenced politically in Bayamo
Bayamo
Bayamo is the capital city of the Granma Province of Cuba, and one of the largest cities in the Oriente region.The community of Bayamo lies on a plain by the Bayamon River...
, Santiago del Prado Real de Minas de Cobre and Holguín
Holguín
Holguín is a municipality and city, the capital of the Cuban Province of Holguín. It also includes a tourist area, offering beach resorts in the outskirts of the region.-History:...
(1763 to 1774). He also was interim governor of East Florida
East Florida
East Florida was a colony of Great Britain from 1763–1783 and of Spain from 1783–1822. East Florida was established by the British colonial government in 1763; as its name implies it consisted of the eastern part of the region of Florida, with West Florida comprising the western parts. Its capital...
(March 1796 - June 1796).
Early years
Bartolomé Félix Morales y Ramírez was born in 1737 in AlgecirasAlgeciras
Algeciras is a port city in the south of Spain, and is the largest city on the Bay of Gibraltar . Port of Algeciras is one of the largest ports in Europe and in the world in three categories: container,...
, Cádiz
Cádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
(Andalusia
Andalusia
Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...
, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
), but he grew up in Seville
Seville
Seville is the artistic, historic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level...
. He worked as Staff Assistant in the Infantry Regiment of Navarre as part of the Regiment newcomer Córdoba
Córdoba, Spain
-History:The first trace of human presence in the area are remains of a Neanderthal Man, dating to c. 32,000 BC. In the 8th century BC, during the ancient Tartessos period, a pre-urban settlement existed. The population gradually learned copper and silver metallurgy...
. Sometime before 1763, Bartolomé fought against Muslims in Ceuta
Ceuta
Ceuta is an autonomous city of Spain and an exclave located on the north coast of North Africa surrounded by Morocco. Separated from the Iberian peninsula by the Strait of Gibraltar, Ceuta lies on the border of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Ceuta along with the other Spanish...
.
Military career in Cuba
On the other hand, in that year (1763), Regulation of the MilitiaMilitia
The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
of Cuba Volunteer Militia decided that the Infantry
Infantry
Infantrymen are soldiers who are specifically trained for the role of fighting on foot to engage the enemy face to face and have historically borne the brunt of the casualties of combat in wars. As the oldest branch of combat arms, they are the backbone of armies...
of the island was earmarked Officers
Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...
,
sergeant
Sergeant
Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organizations around the world. Its origins are the Latin serviens, "one who serves", through the French term Sergent....
s and corporal
Corporal
Corporal is a rank in use in some form by most militaries and by some police forces or other uniformed organizations. It is usually equivalent to NATO Rank Code OR-4....
s of other places that instruct the soldier
Soldier
A soldier is a member of the land component of national armed forces; whereas a soldier hired for service in a foreign army would be termed a mercenary...
s, bearing in mind that discipline should be achieved with as little tax as possible to the wages of the militia. It should make choices based on the quality of the subjects.
Bartolome Morales is one of the elected officials to march to the Cuban Militia, and he will become Lieutenant
Lieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...
of the Third Company of that body shall exercise the degree that he, as an officer graduated from the March 30, 1763, but he will begin to enjoy from May 23, 1766, six days after marriage. The Regiment
Regiment
A regiment is a major tactical military unit, composed of variable numbers of batteries, squadrons or battalions, commanded by a colonel or lieutenant colonel...
of Córdoba
Córdoba, Spain
-History:The first trace of human presence in the area are remains of a Neanderthal Man, dating to c. 32,000 BC. In the 8th century BC, during the ancient Tartessos period, a pre-urban settlement existed. The population gradually learned copper and silver metallurgy...
, which belonged Bartolomé, left the port of Cadiz
Cádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
on 27 April of that year, and this arrived at the port of Havana
Havana
Havana is the capital city, province, major port, and leading commercial centre of Cuba. The city proper has a population of 2.1 million inhabitants, and it spans a total of — making it the largest city in the Caribbean region, and the most populous...
on 30 July. Just arrived at the port, Bartolomé and Sergeant Francisco Varela Pérez, were housed in the fortress of San Carlos de la Cabaña
La Cabaña
The Fortaleza de San Carlos de la Cabaña, known as La Cabaña , is an 18th-century fortress complex, the biggest in the Americas, located on the elevated eastern side of the harbor entrance in Havana, Cuba...
, where he miraculously escaped the ravages that the black vomit, fever
Fever
Fever is a common medical sign characterized by an elevation of temperature above the normal range of due to an increase in the body temperature regulatory set-point. This increase in set-point triggers increased muscle tone and shivering.As a person's temperature increases, there is, in...
and other tropical epidemics, made of the helpless and misfits soldiers killed.
In 1764, under the plan of reorganization of all forces on the island, were also organized militia volunteer infantry white and colored by the Rules of O'Reilly, in which the inhabitants of major cities were prepared militarily to defend themselves from pirate attacks, bands of outlaws or the armies of other powers. With this objective were created 16 companies of this kind in the country. Within this new military structure, Bartolomé was appointed to the White Volunteer troops Cuba, Bayamo
Bayamo
Bayamo is the capital city of the Granma Province of Cuba, and one of the largest cities in the Oriente region.The community of Bayamo lies on a plain by the Bayamon River...
and Holguín
Holguín
Holguín is a municipality and city, the capital of the Cuban Province of Holguín. It also includes a tourist area, offering beach resorts in the outskirts of the region.-History:...
. Thus, Bartolomé will his early years in eastern Cuba, lived at different times in the cities of Bayamo
Bayamo
Bayamo is the capital city of the Granma Province of Cuba, and one of the largest cities in the Oriente region.The community of Bayamo lies on a plain by the Bayamon River...
, Santiago del Prado Real de Minas de Cobre and Holguín
Holguín
Holguín is a municipality and city, the capital of the Cuban Province of Holguín. It also includes a tourist area, offering beach resorts in the outskirts of the region.-History:...
.
In Bayamo, using ideas and techniques regulated by his superiors, he recruited militants reasons in the sense of pride in defending their lands, their property and their country, using as a slogan, the one assigned to his troops: "Ever onward is glory. "
Gradually, Bartolomé, for his responsibility, readiness, discipline and obedience to achieve new tasks entrusted with greater responsibility. Thus, between 1767 and 1770, he is Cape Commander, the highest authority of the town of Santiago del Prado (El Cobre).
In this village of El Cobre, he will have the responsibility to serve not only military and administrative functions, but also the attention to King's slaves who work there.
In this mining town, the young soldier should care for the preservation of peace and good social harmony, trying not to develop conflicts or disputes, with prudence and respect for people and customs.
When meeting off mining, it ensures that the residents of the village, slaves and primarily apply to the cultivation and planting of rice, vegetables and fruits to avoid idleness and misery.
He visits with mayors all the rooms and fields of the neighborhood, stimulating productive activity and report the use and exploitation of land, while he called the owners of uncultivated land and to ensure that workers idle.
Among the administrative activities under his supervision is that of attending to the details on the supply of meat to the population and price controls, which should not exceed the possibilities of purchasing, licensing discretion to owners of farms to kill cattle, no more than two to eat and to make jerky, thus ensuring that residents are not tyrannized by the sellers of meat or for any other producers of supplies, it is only allowed in any sale, a regular income.
As top military authority of the people he will be attentive to those persons considered criminals who are a problem for society, treating them with firmness and inviting them to think better in your situation.
He also made the censuses of population and slaves of the King, to track its location, bordering where necessary, licensing is transferred from one place to another, except in cases of urgent necessity.
He participates in collaboration with the local priest in ordinary elections of mayors and aldermen at the beginning of each year, ensuring that these dignities relapse in subjects well, white, with good intentions and are unfit for work, mainly elderly.
He also attends the election of the Holy Brotherhood, which deals to pursue runaway slaves, so they have good behavior, and they are not harmful or complaints promote among the population.
Later, in San Isidoro de Holguín
Holguín
Holguín is a municipality and city, the capital of the Cuban Province of Holguín. It also includes a tourist area, offering beach resorts in the outskirts of the region.-History:...
, between 1771 and 1772, as in other regions that he had to attend, he will focus on establishing and training the troops of volunteers and educate young people in military discipline, while he reaches the high dignity of the Lieutenant Governor of that city, from where it will, later, to the city of Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
to work directly with the Governor of this important city. In 1773, he began working in the Department of Inspection of troops on the island and finally in 1774, he will go to Havana
Havana
Havana is the capital city, province, major port, and leading commercial centre of Cuba. The city proper has a population of 2.1 million inhabitants, and it spans a total of — making it the largest city in the Caribbean region, and the most populous...
, requesting their inclusion in the Volunteer Corps that city to prosper and move up the career Military Fixed Infantry Regiment, where he recognized his meritorious service and seniority.
In that body he enlisted as an officer, while he will continue working in the Department of Inspection of troops from Cuba, a position he played from 1773.
Florida Government
Later, in 1790, Bartolomé Morales was promoted to captain and the following year he was promoted to colonel or commander by King Charles IV of SpainCharles IV of Spain
Charles IV was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.-Early life:...
and joined the Third Battalion Cuban Regiment located in the Castillo de San Marcos
Castillo de San Marcos
The Castillo de San Marcos site is the oldest masonry fort in the United States. It is located in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. Construction was begun in 1672 by the Spanish when Florida was a Spanish territory. During the twenty year period of British possession from 1763 until 1784, the...
in St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine is a city in the northeast section of Florida and the county seat of St. Johns County, Florida, United States. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer and admiral Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, it is the oldest continuously occupied European-established city and port in the continental United...
, which was then a unit of the Captaincy General of Cuba
Captaincy General of Cuba
The Captaincy General of Cuba was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire created in 1607 as part of Habsburg Spain's attempt better to defend the Caribbean against foreign powers, which also involved creating captaincies general in Puerto Rico, Guatemala and Yucatán. The restructuring of...
. He arrived there with his daughter Rita Josefa and his grandson Felix Varela, aged four, whose mother, Maria Josefa Ignacia, died a few days after giving birth. He obtained the post of acting governor of East Florida
East Florida
East Florida was a colony of Great Britain from 1763–1783 and of Spain from 1783–1822. East Florida was established by the British colonial government in 1763; as its name implies it consisted of the eastern part of the region of Florida, with West Florida comprising the western parts. Its capital...
in March 1796 and he left in June of that year and was replaced by Enrique White.
Personal life
On May 17, 1766, Bartolomé married María of Medina Barsaga Soledad, the daughter of one of his subordinate, SergeantSergeant
Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organizations around the world. Its origins are the Latin serviens, "one who serves", through the French term Sergent....
Pedro Medina Barrios, whom he met in 1764, when he was sent to Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
. She was a native of the city of Cuba. His father was a sergeant and small landowner dedicated to the cultivation of snuff, which he produced on land owned in the town of Santiago del Prado, (El Cobre).
Bartolomé will join in this town, and he will live folk customs, among which is the devotion to the Virgen Morena, Our Lady of Charity
Our Lady of Charity
Our Lady of Charity also known as Our Lady of Cobre is the patroness of Cuba, whose basilica named, Basílica Santuario Nacional de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad del Cobre built in 1926 is situated in village El Cobre, near Santiago de Cuba, Cuba...
, linked to the religious tradition of the Cubans
Cubans
Cubans or Cuban people are the inhabitants or citizens of Cuba. Cuba is a multi-ethnic nation, home to people of different ethnic and national backgrounds...
. There, the couple have three daughters: Maria Josefa Ignacia, Rita and Maria Josefa Morales, born in the town of Cuba. The first one died a few days after giving birth, so that his son Félix (1788?-1853) was raised by his aunts, especially by Rita. In 1790 Bartolomé, his daughter Rita and her grandson Félix, of two year (four of six year, according others sources), settled in Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
, after serving in this place as commander. Bartolomé wanted to turn his grandson in a military. So, when he was 14 he proposed start the race as a cadet at a military school, but he refused, saying that his vocation was not to kill people, but save him. So Varela asked enter a seminary to become a priest. Félix Varela
Félix Varela
Félix Varela y Morales was a notable figure in the Roman Catholic Church in both Cuba and the United States.-Life:Varela was born in Havana, Cuba and died in St. Augustine, Florida, United States...
, who was raised in Florida until he was fourteen, later became a priest very important in Latin America
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...
.