The
Asuka Kiyomihara Code (飛鳥浄御原令,
Asuka Kiyomihara-ryō) refers to a collection of governing rules compiled and promulgated in 689, one of the first, if not the first collection of
Ritsuryōis the historical law system based on the philosophies of Confucianism and Chinese Legalism in Japan. The political system in accord to Ritsuryō is called "Ritsuryō-sei"...
laws in classical Japan. This also marks the initial appearance of the central administrative body called the
Daijō-kan (Council of State) composed of the three ministers -- the
Daijō-daijin (Chancellor), the
SadaijinSadaijin , most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Sadaijin in the context of a central...
(Minister of the Left) and the
UdaijinUdaijin , most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Udaijin in the context of a central...
(Minister of the Right).
In 662, Tenji is said to have compiled the first Japanese legal code known to modern historians.
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The
Asuka Kiyomihara Code (飛鳥浄御原令,
Asuka Kiyomihara-ryō) refers to a collection of governing rules compiled and promulgated in 689, one of the first, if not the first collection of
Ritsuryōis the historical law system based on the philosophies of Confucianism and Chinese Legalism in Japan. The political system in accord to Ritsuryō is called "Ritsuryō-sei"...
laws in classical Japan. This also marks the initial appearance of the central administrative body called the
Daijō-kan (Council of State) composed of the three ministers -- the
Daijō-daijin (Chancellor), the
SadaijinSadaijin , most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Sadaijin in the context of a central...
(Minister of the Left) and the
UdaijinUdaijin , most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Udaijin in the context of a central...
(Minister of the Right).
In 662, Tenji is said to have compiled the first Japanese legal code known to modern historians. The
Ōmi-ryōThe are a collection of governing rules compiled in 668AD, hence being the first collection of Ritsuryō laws in classical Japan. These laws were compiled by Fujiwara no Kamatari under the order of Emperor Tenji....
, consisting of 22 volumes, was promulgated in the last year of Tenji's reign. This legal codification is no longer extant, but it is said to have been refined in what is known as the Asuka Kiyomihara
ritsu-ryō of 689. The compilation was commenced in 681 under
Emperor Temmuwas the 40th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He ruled from 672 until his death in 686.-Genealogy:...
. The Emperor died in 686, but the finalization of the Code took a few more years. It was promulgated in 689. These are understood to have been a forerunner of the
Taihō ritsu-ryō of 701.
Although not "finalized" (not incorporating a penal code, a
ritsu, for instance), the code already incorporated several important regulations (for instance compulsory registration for citizens), which paved the way for the more complete
Taihō CodeThe was an administrative reorganization enacted in 701 in Japan, at the end of the Asuka period. It was historically one of the . It was compiled at the direction of Prince Osakabe, Fujiwara no Fuhito and Awata no Mahito at the request of Emperor Mommu and, like many other developments in the...
.