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Rabbeinu Asher ben Meshullam was a Jew
Jew

A Jew is a member of the Jewish people, an ethnoreligious group that traces its ancestry to the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East....
ish theologian and Talmudic scholar who lived at Lunel
Lunel

Lunel is a Communes of France in the H?rault Departments of France in southern France.Lunel is located east of Montpellier and southwest of N?mes ....
 in the second half of the twelfth century CE. A renowned Talmudist, he was a son of the well-known Rabbeinu Meshullam ben Jacob
Meshullam ben Jacob

Rabbeinu Meshullam son of Jacob also known as Rabbeinu Meshullam hagodol was a History of the Jews in France Talmudist of the twelfth century CE....
 (Rabbeinu Meshullam hagodol), and a pupil of Rabbeinu Joseph ibn Plat
Joseph ibn Plat

Joseph ibn Plat was a Rabbinical authority of the twelfth century CE. He is presumed to have been born in southern Spain, whence he went to Provence and settled in Lunel, though Epstein is of opinion that he was born in the Byzantine Empire....
 and the Ravad
Abraham ben David

Rabbeinu Abraham ben David was a Proven?al rabbi, a great commentator on the Talmud, Sefer Halachot of rabbi Yitzhak Alfasi and Mishne Torah of Maimonides, and is regarded as a father of Kabbalah and one of the key and important links in the chain of Jewish mystics....
 (Rabbeinu Avrohom ben Dovid) of Posquières, whose ascctic tendencies he shared. Benjamin of Tudela
Benjamin of Tudela

Benjamin of Tudela was a medieval Kingdom of Navarre, sometimes called "Rabbi", was a medieval explorer from Spain who traveled through Europe, Asia, and Africa in the 12th century....
, in the first part of his "Travels," says that Rabbeinu Asher lived in complete seclusion, wholly devoted to the study of the Torah
Torah

The term "Torah" , or Five Books of Moses or Pentateuch, refers to the entirety of Judaism's founding Halakha and ethical religious texts....
, and that he never tasted meat
Vegetarianism

File:Foods.jpgVegetarianism is the practice of a diet that excludes meat , fish and poultry.There are several variants of the diet, some of which also exclude egg and/or some products produced from animal labour such as dairy products and honey....
.






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Rabbeinu Asher ben Meshullam was a Jew
Jew

A Jew is a member of the Jewish people, an ethnoreligious group that traces its ancestry to the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East....
ish theologian and Talmudic scholar who lived at Lunel
Lunel

Lunel is a Communes of France in the H?rault Departments of France in southern France.Lunel is located east of Montpellier and southwest of N?mes ....
 in the second half of the twelfth century CE. A renowned Talmudist, he was a son of the well-known Rabbeinu Meshullam ben Jacob
Meshullam ben Jacob

Rabbeinu Meshullam son of Jacob also known as Rabbeinu Meshullam hagodol was a History of the Jews in France Talmudist of the twelfth century CE....
 (Rabbeinu Meshullam hagodol), and a pupil of Rabbeinu Joseph ibn Plat
Joseph ibn Plat

Joseph ibn Plat was a Rabbinical authority of the twelfth century CE. He is presumed to have been born in southern Spain, whence he went to Provence and settled in Lunel, though Epstein is of opinion that he was born in the Byzantine Empire....
 and the Ravad
Abraham ben David

Rabbeinu Abraham ben David was a Proven?al rabbi, a great commentator on the Talmud, Sefer Halachot of rabbi Yitzhak Alfasi and Mishne Torah of Maimonides, and is regarded as a father of Kabbalah and one of the key and important links in the chain of Jewish mystics....
 (Rabbeinu Avrohom ben Dovid) of Posquières, whose ascctic tendencies he shared. Benjamin of Tudela
Benjamin of Tudela

Benjamin of Tudela was a medieval Kingdom of Navarre, sometimes called "Rabbi", was a medieval explorer from Spain who traveled through Europe, Asia, and Africa in the 12th century....
, in the first part of his "Travels," says that Rabbeinu Asher lived in complete seclusion, wholly devoted to the study of the Torah
Torah

The term "Torah" , or Five Books of Moses or Pentateuch, refers to the entirety of Judaism's founding Halakha and ethical religious texts....
, and that he never tasted meat
Vegetarianism

File:Foods.jpgVegetarianism is the practice of a diet that excludes meat , fish and poultry.There are several variants of the diet, some of which also exclude egg and/or some products produced from animal labour such as dairy products and honey....
. At the same time Rabbeinu Asher was not hostile to philosophy
Philosophy

Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, truth, beauty, justice, validity, mind, and language....
. Rabbeinu Yehudah Ibn Tibbon
Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon

Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon was a translator and physician.Born in Granada, he left Spain in 1150, probably on account persecution by the Almohades, and went to Lunel in southern France....
 in a letter to Rabbeinu Asher, praised his fondness for science, and in his testament exhorted his son to cultivate Rabbeinu Asher's friendship. Rabbeinu Asher's alleged leaning toward the Kabbalah
Kabbalah

Kabbalah is a discipline and school of thought discussing the mysticism aspect of Judaism. It is a set of esoteric teachings that are meant to explain the relationship between an infinite, eternal and essentially unknowable Creator deity with the finite and mortal universe of His creation....
, mentioned by Heinrich Graetz
Heinrich Graetz

Heinrich Graetz was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective.Born Tzvi Hirsh Graetz to a butcher family in Ksiaz-Wielkopolski in Germany , he obtained his doctorate from the University of Jena....
, is countered; that the fact that he was responsible for the translation of Solomon ibn Gabirol
Solomon ibn Gabirol

Solomon ibn Gabirol, also Solomon ben Judah was an al-Andalus Hebrew poet and Jewish philosopher. He was born in M?laga about 1021; died about 1058 in Valencia ....
's Tikkun Midoth ha-Nefesh is no proof for or against his kabbalistic leanings; the kabbalists had a strong leaning toward ibn Gabirol's mysticism
Mysticism

Mysticism is the pursuit of communion with, Unio Mystica with, or conscious awareness of an ultimate reality, divinity, Spirituality, or God through direct experience, intuition, or insight....
; and, after all, the above-mentioned work of Gabirol is moral, rather than strictly philosophical, in its tendencies.

Rabbeinu Asher was the author of several Talmudic works, of which the following are cited by title: Hilchoth Yom-Tov, ("Rules for the Holidays"); Sefer ha-Matanoth, ("The Book of Gifts") a work referring perhaps to the tithe
Tithe

A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a voluntary contribution or as a tax or levy, usually to support a Christian religious organization....
s payable to the kohanim. Neither of these writings seems to have been preserved. According to an entry in the manuscript of the small Midrash
Midrash

Midrash is a Hebrew language term referring to the not exact, but comparative method of exegesis of Biblical texts, which is one of four methods cumulatively called Pardes ....
 Aseret ha-Dibberot
Decalogue

Decalogue may refer to:* Ethical Decalogue, or Ten Commandments, a list of religious and moral imperatives told to be written by the Abrahamic God and given to Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of two stone tablets...
, Rabbeinu Asher was its author, but the statement is not verifiable.

Resources

Jewish Encyclopedia
Jewish Encyclopedia

The Jewish Encyclopedia was an encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. It contained over 15,000 articles in 12 volumes on the history and then-current state of Judaism and the Jews as of 1901....
. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906; which contains the following bibliography:
  • Chaim Joseph David Azulai
    Chaim Joseph David Azulai

    Rabbi Chaim Joseph David ben Isaac Zerachia Azulai , commonly known as the Chida , was a rabbinical scholar and a noted bibliophile, who pioneered the history of Jewish religious writings....
    , Shem ha-Gedolim, ed. Wilna, p. 34;
  • Heinrich Graetz
    Heinrich Graetz

    Heinrich Graetz was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective.Born Tzvi Hirsh Graetz to a butcher family in Ksiaz-Wielkopolski in Germany , he obtained his doctorate from the University of Jena....
    , Geschichte der Juden, 3d ed., vi. 203;
  • Henri Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 280-281;
  • Ernest Renan
    Ernest Renan

    Ernest Renan was a France philosopher and writer, deeply attached to his native province of Brittany. He is best known for his influential historical works on early Christianity and his political theory theories....
     and Adolphe Neubauer, Les Ecrivains Juifs Français, pp. 468-469;
  • Yakov Reifmann, Toledot Rabbenu Zerahaya, p. 48;
  • Literaturblatt des Orients, 1849, p. 481;
  • Michael, Or ha-?ayyim, No. 552.K. L. G.