Archduchess Clementina, Princess of Salerno
Encyclopedia
Clementina of Austria was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Salerno upon her marriage to Prince Leopold of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno
.
in Vienna, she was the third surviving daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
, later Francis I of Austria after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire
, and his wife Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily.
Maria Clementina was a younger sister of Marie Louise, Empress of France
, Ferdinand I of Austria
, and Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil
. She was also an older sister of Marie Caroline, Crown Princess of Saxony
, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria.
Through her sister, Marie Louise, she was a sister-in-law of Napoleon I of France
; through Maria Leopoldina a sister-in-law of Peter I of Brazil
; through Marie Caroline a sister-in-law of Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
.
Maria Clementina was married, 28 July 1816, at Schönbrunn Palace
, Vienna
, to her mother's younger brother, Prince Leopoldo of the Two Sicilies
, Prince of Salerno, the youngest son of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria
.
Three of the couple's four children died in their first year: Prince Ludovico (1824-1824) and two infants.
They had a surviving daughter, Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies (1822–1869), who on 25 November 1844, in Naples
, married her paternal first cousin, Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale (1822–1897). Henri was the fourth (and second-youngest) surviving son of King Louis-Philippe of France
and his wife Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily.
Through their daughter, Maria Clementina and Leopoldo had four grandchildren, two of whom reached adulthood. However, neither of these grandchildren married or produced children of their own.
Maria Clementina died 3 September 1881 at the Chateau de Chantilly
, France, the home of her widowed son-in-law Duke Henry. She was eighty-three years old; all her descendants having predeceased her. She was buried at the Basilica of Santa Chiara
in Naples
.
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Leopold, Prince of Salerno
Prince Leopoldo Giovanni Giuseppe Michele of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and a Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.-Biography:Born Leopoldo of Naples and Sicily, he was the sixth son of Ferdinand IV of Naples and wife Maria...
.
Biography
Born at the Hofburg Imperial PalaceHofburg Imperial Palace
Hofburg Palace is a palace located in Vienna, Austria, that has housed some of the most powerful people in Austrian history, including the Habsburg dynasty, rulers of the Austro-Hungarian empire. It currently serves as the official residence of the President of Austria...
in Vienna, she was the third surviving daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...
, later Francis I of Austria after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
, and his wife Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily.
Maria Clementina was a younger sister of Marie Louise, Empress of France
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma
Marie Louise of Austria was the second wife of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French and later Duchess of Parma...
, Ferdinand I of Austria
Ferdinand I of Austria
Ferdinand I was Emperor of Austria, President of the German Confederation, King of Hungary and Bohemia , as well as associated dominions from the death of his father, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, until his abdication after the Revolutions of 1848.He married Maria Anna of Savoy, the sixth child...
, and Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil
Maria Leopoldina of Austria
Maria Leopoldina of Austria was an archduchess of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil and queen consort of Portugal....
. She was also an older sister of Marie Caroline, Crown Princess of Saxony
Archduchess Marie Caroline of Austria
Archduchess Marie Caroline Ferdinanda of Austria, Crown Princess of Saxony -Family:...
, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
Archduke Franz Karl Joseph of Austria from the House of Habsburg was father of two emperors as well as the grandfather of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, whose assassination sparked the hostilities that led to the outbreak of World War I, and the greatgrandfather of the last Habsburg...
, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria.
Through her sister, Marie Louise, she was a sister-in-law of Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
; through Maria Leopoldina a sister-in-law of Peter I of Brazil
Peter I of Brazil
Dom Pedro I of Brazil , nicknamed "the Liberator" and "the Soldier-King", was the founder and first ruler of the Empire of Brazil and also King of Portugal as Pedro IV, having reigned for eight years in Brazil and two months in Portugal.-Birth:Pedro was born on 12 October 1798, around...
; through Marie Caroline a sister-in-law of Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
Frederick Augustus II |Tyrol]], 9 August 1854) was King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.He was the eldest son of Maximilian, Prince of Saxony --younger son of the Elector Frederick Christian of Saxony—by his...
.
Maria Clementina was married, 28 July 1816, at Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace is a former imperial 1,441-room Rococo summer residence in Vienna, Austria. One of the most important cultural monuments in the country, since the 1960s it has been one of the major tourist attractions in Vienna...
, Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, to her mother's younger brother, Prince Leopoldo of the Two Sicilies
Leopold, Prince of Salerno
Prince Leopoldo Giovanni Giuseppe Michele of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and a Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.-Biography:Born Leopoldo of Naples and Sicily, he was the sixth son of Ferdinand IV of Naples and wife Maria...
, Prince of Salerno, the youngest son of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand I reigned variously over Naples, Sicily, and the Two Sicilies from 1759 until his death. He was the third son of King Charles III of Spain by his wife Maria Amalia of Saxony. On 10 August 1759, Charles succeeded his elder brother, Ferdinand VI, as King Charles III of Spain...
and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria
Maria Carolina of Austria
Maria Carolina of Austria was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her...
.
Three of the couple's four children died in their first year: Prince Ludovico (1824-1824) and two infants.
They had a surviving daughter, Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies (1822–1869), who on 25 November 1844, in Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, married her paternal first cousin, Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale (1822–1897). Henri was the fourth (and second-youngest) surviving son of King Louis-Philippe of France
Louis-Philippe of France
Louis Philippe I was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. His father was a duke who supported the French Revolution but was nevertheless guillotined. Louis Philippe fled France as a young man and spent 21 years in exile, including considerable time in the...
and his wife Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily.
Through their daughter, Maria Clementina and Leopoldo had four grandchildren, two of whom reached adulthood. However, neither of these grandchildren married or produced children of their own.
Maria Clementina died 3 September 1881 at the Chateau de Chantilly
Château de Chantilly
The Château de Chantilly is a historic château located in the town of Chantilly, France. It comprises two attached buildings; the Grand Château, destroyed during the French Revolution and rebuilt in the 1870s, and the Petit Château which was built around 1560 for Anne de Montmorency...
, France, the home of her widowed son-in-law Duke Henry. She was eighty-three years old; all her descendants having predeceased her. She was buried at the Basilica of Santa Chiara
Santa Chiara (Naples)
Santa Chiara is a religious complex in Naples, southern Italy, that includes the Church of Santa Chiara, a monastery, tombs and an archeological museum.-Architecture:...
in Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
.
Issue and family
- Princess Maria Carolina Augusta of the Two Sicilies (26 April 1822 – 6 December 1869) married Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale and had issue;
- Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans, Prince of Condé (15 November 1845 – 24 May 1866)
- Henri Léopold Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 September 1847 – 10 October 1847)
- François Paul d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 January 1852 – 15 April 1852)
- François Louis Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (5 January 1854 – 25 July 1872)
- Prince Lodovico Carlo of The Two Sicilies (19 July 1824 – 7 August 1824) died in infancy.
Titles and styles
- 1 March 1798 – 11 August 1804 Her Royal Highness Archduchess Clementina of Austria
- 11 August 1804 – 28 July 1816 Her Imperial and Royal Highness Archduchess Clementina of Austria
- 28 July 1816 – 10 March 1851 Her Imperial and Royal Highness the Princess of Salerno
- 10 March 1851 – 3 September 1881 Her Imperial and Royal Highness the Dowager Princess of Salerno
Ancestry
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