On 7 October 1944, in Alexandria

Alexandria

Alexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...

, five Arab

Arab

Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...

 countries agreed on the foundation of a joint Arab Organization, which led to the formation of the League of Arab States in the following year. They all consented on what became known as the Alexandria Protocol.

The agreement stated that all participating countries will be represented on an equal footing. The main aim of this organization will be to strengthen the relations between Arab states and to participate actively in the coordination of their political plans and foreign policy

Foreign policy

A country's foreign policy, also called the foreign relations policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its goals within international relations milieu. The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries...

 without interference with their independence but promising protection by suitable means in case of aggression against a member state and its sovereignty

Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided...

.

The meeting in Alexandria

Alexandria

Alexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...

 included five committees with representatives of the future members of the Arab League

Arab League

The Arab League , officially called the League of Arab States , is a regional organisation of Arab states in North and Northeast Africa, and Southwest Asia . It was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan , Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Yemen joined as a...

 countries in the Middle East.

Founding Members

Egypt

Kingdom of Egypt

The Kingdom of Egypt was the first modern Egyptian state, lasting from 1922 to 1953. The Kingdom was created in 1922 when the British government unilaterally ended its protectorate over Egypt, in place since 1914. Sultan Fuad I became the first king of the new state...

: Nagib al-Hilali Pasha, Minister of Education, Muhammad Sabri Aub-'Alam Pasha, Minister of - Justice, Muhammad Salah-al-din Bey, Under Secretary of State of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
Iraq

Kingdom of Iraq

The Kingdom of Iraq was the sovereign state of Iraq during and after the British Mandate of Mesopotamia. The League of Nations mandate started in 1920. The kingdom began in August 1921 with the coronation of Faisal bin al-Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi as King Faisal I...

: Hamdi al-Bahjaji, Iraqi Prime Minister and head of the Iraqi delegation,Arshad al-'Umari, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Nuri al-Sa'id, former Iraqi Prime Minister, Tahein al-'Askari,Iraqi Minister Plenipotentiary in Egypt,
Syria

Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

: Saadallah al-Jabiri

Saadallah al-Jabiri

Saadallah al-Jabiri , is a Syrian politician and a two-time prime minister of Syria. He was born in Aleppo, and became the leader of the National Bloc during the French mandate era. He also served as foreign minister in a number of cabinets....

, Syrian Prime Minister and head of the Syrian delegation, Jamil Mardam Bey

Jamil Mardam Bey

Jamil Mardam Bey ,, was a Syrian politician, Born in Damascus to a prominent aristocratic Sunni Muslim family. He is descended from Ottoman's general, statesman, and Grand Vizier Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha...

, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dr. Nagib al-Armanazi, Secretary General of the Presidency of the Syrian Republic, M. Sabri al-Assali

Sabri al-Assali

Sabri al-Assali is a Syrian politician and a three time prime minister of Syria. He also served as Vice-president of the United Arab Republic in 1958.-References:...

, deputy of Damascus.
(then Transjordan

Transjordan

The Emirate of Transjordan was a former Ottoman territory in the Southern Levant that was part of the British Mandate of Palestine...

): Tawliq Abu al-Huda Pasha, Trans-Jordanian Prime Minister and Minister Of Foreign Affairs, head of the Trans-Jordanian delegation,Sulayman al-Sukkar Bey, Financial Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

with the president Bechara El Khoury

Bechara El Khoury

Bechara El Khoury was the first post-independence President of Lebanon, holding office from 21 September 1943 to 18 September 1952, apart from an 11-day interruption in 1943...

, Riyad al-Sulh Bey, Lebanese Prime Minister and head of the Lebanese delegation, Salim Taqla Bey, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Musa Mubarak, Chief of the Presidential Cabinet.

External links

• The Avalon Project : The Alexandria Protocol; October 7,1944