Agencia Espacial Mexicana
Encyclopedia
The Mexican Space Agency (in Spanish: Agencia Espacial Mexicana ) is a space agency, approved by the Mexican
Chamber of Deputies (208 voted yes, 2 no and 4 absentees) on April 20, 2010 after receiving a significant vote of confidence on April 26, 2006. The law that creates the agency was published by the President Felipe Calderón
on July 30, 2010 and as the law itself states, it started to rule on July 31, 2010.
in the region dates back to pre-colombian times and had a boom in the colonial
period, the direct antecedent of the agency is the Comisión Nacional del Espacio Exterior (CONEE) (National Commission of Outer Space), an office created by Presidential decree on August 31, 1962, and attached to the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation
which conducted experiments in rocketry
, telecommunications and atmospheric studies from 1962 to 1976. After its dissolution by Presidential decree, on November 3, 1977, some activities were financed by the extinct Instituto Mexicano de Comunicaciones (Mexican Communications Institute) (transformed into the current Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones), by Satmex
- then a state-owned company - and some higher education
institutions, such as the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
, the Instituto Politécnico Nacional
, the Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica
, the Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada
and the CINVESTAV
. Subsequent attempts to create a national space office or agency were conducted at least a couple of times. In 1995, the Sociedad Espacial Mexicana, founded by Jesús Raygoza, presented a project to President Ernesto Zedillo and to the Energy Commission of the Congress of the Union. And in 1998, a group from the Mexican academic community participated in fact-finding sessions before the Science and Technology Commission of the Congress.
deputy member of the SNTE
, Moisés Jiménez Sánchez.
The developers presented a bill to congress whose main purpose was, according to Fernando de la Peña, promote private investment and facilitate the creation of multinational aerospace companies in the State of Hidalgo. The bill required the Agency to become a self-financing entity and not merely focus on research activities. After being presented in the Chamber of Deputies on October 25, 2005 and being lobbied by the government of the state of Hidalgo, the initiative received the votes of a majority of the plenary on April 25, 2006.
Senator and president of the Committee on Science and Technology of the Senate, Francisco Javier Castellón Fonseca, requested the organization of forums to identify any concerns and disagreements. Afterwards the 'Grupo Promotor de la Agencia Espacial Mexicana' was created and coordinated by the Academia de Ingeniería (Engineering Academy) made a new initiative of law for the Mexican Congress. To this proposal some comments where included, (particularly from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, and the Consejo Consultivo de Ciencias de la Presidencia de la República (Science Advisory Board of the Presidency of the Republic),. The new initiative ended up being adopted by the Senate unanimously on November 4, 2008 and returned to the chamber of origin to be turned over to the committees on science and technology, legislative studies second, and budget and public accounts to undergo a second analysis and ballot.
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
Chamber of Deputies (208 voted yes, 2 no and 4 absentees) on April 20, 2010 after receiving a significant vote of confidence on April 26, 2006. The law that creates the agency was published by the President Felipe Calderón
Felipe Calderón
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa is the current President of Mexico. He assumed office on December 1, 2006, and was elected for a single six-year term through 2012...
on July 30, 2010 and as the law itself states, it started to rule on July 31, 2010.
Background
While the study of astronomyAstronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth...
in the region dates back to pre-colombian times and had a boom in the colonial
Colonial
Colonial or The Colonial may refer to:* Colonial, of, relating to, or characteristic of a colony* Colonial history of the United States, the period of American history from the 17th century to 1776, under the rule of Great Britain, France and Spain...
period, the direct antecedent of the agency is the Comisión Nacional del Espacio Exterior (CONEE) (National Commission of Outer Space), an office created by Presidential decree on August 31, 1962, and attached to the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation
Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico)
The Secretariat of Communications and Transportation of Mexico is a federal entity that regulates commercial road traffic and broadcasting...
which conducted experiments in rocketry
Rocketry
Rocketry may refer to:* The design, construction, launching and operation of rockets** The hobbyist or professional use of model rockets* High-power rocketry, a hobby similar to model rocketry...
, telecommunications and atmospheric studies from 1962 to 1976. After its dissolution by Presidential decree, on November 3, 1977, some activities were financed by the extinct Instituto Mexicano de Comunicaciones (Mexican Communications Institute) (transformed into the current Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones), by Satmex
Satmex
Satmex is a commercial company from Mexico that operates space satellites that provide services to the Americas.-History:...
- then a state-owned company - and some higher education
Higher education
Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education refers to the stage of learning that occurs at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, and institutes of technology...
institutions, such as the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
National Autonomous University of Mexico
The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México is a university in Mexico. UNAM was founded on 22 September 1910 by Justo Sierra as a liberal alternative to the Roman Catholic-sponsored Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) (National Autonomous...
, the Instituto Politécnico Nacional
National Polytechnic Institute
The National Polytechnic Institute colloquially known as the Polytechnic is one of the largest public universities in Mexico with 153.027 students at the high school, undergraduate and postgraduate levels...
, the Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica
National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics
The National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics is a Mexican science research institute located in Tonantzintla, Puebla....
, the Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada
Ensenada Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education
The Ensenada Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education is a public research center sponsored by the National Council for Science and Technology of Mexico in the city of Ensenada, Baja California, and specialized in Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Applied...
and the CINVESTAV
CINVESTAV
The Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute is a Mexican non-governmental scientific research affiliated to the National Polytechnic Institute and founded by president Adolfo López Mateos on 17 April 1961, initially planned...
. Subsequent attempts to create a national space office or agency were conducted at least a couple of times. In 1995, the Sociedad Espacial Mexicana, founded by Jesús Raygoza, presented a project to President Ernesto Zedillo and to the Energy Commission of the Congress of the Union. And in 1998, a group from the Mexican academic community participated in fact-finding sessions before the Science and Technology Commission of the Congress.
Presentation at the Chamber of Deputies
The bill was originally conceived by José Luis Garcia and Fernando de la Peña. It was reviewed by Gianfranco Bissiacchi, José Hernández, Rodolfo Neri Vela among others. It was then submitted by the moral leader of the teachers in the state of Hidalgo, the former PRIInstitutional Revolutionary Party
The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...
deputy member of the SNTE
Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación
The Mexican National Educational Workers Union is the largest trade union in Latin America, with over 1.4 million members. Formed in 1949, the SNTE is composed of local sections in each of Mexico's states...
, Moisés Jiménez Sánchez.
The developers presented a bill to congress whose main purpose was, according to Fernando de la Peña, promote private investment and facilitate the creation of multinational aerospace companies in the State of Hidalgo. The bill required the Agency to become a self-financing entity and not merely focus on research activities. After being presented in the Chamber of Deputies on October 25, 2005 and being lobbied by the government of the state of Hidalgo, the initiative received the votes of a majority of the plenary on April 25, 2006.
Submission to the Senate
The protests and concerns of some sectors that were unhappy with not being considered before being presented to the Chamber of Deputies to be voted. For this reason, the PRDParty of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution is a democratic socialist party in Mexico and one of 2 Mexican affiliates of the Socialist International...
Senator and president of the Committee on Science and Technology of the Senate, Francisco Javier Castellón Fonseca, requested the organization of forums to identify any concerns and disagreements. Afterwards the 'Grupo Promotor de la Agencia Espacial Mexicana' was created and coordinated by the Academia de Ingeniería (Engineering Academy) made a new initiative of law for the Mexican Congress. To this proposal some comments where included, (particularly from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, and the Consejo Consultivo de Ciencias de la Presidencia de la República (Science Advisory Board of the Presidency of the Republic),. The new initiative ended up being adopted by the Senate unanimously on November 4, 2008 and returned to the chamber of origin to be turned over to the committees on science and technology, legislative studies second, and budget and public accounts to undergo a second analysis and ballot.
Activities
According to one of the transitory provisions of the initiative. The steps for creating the Mexican Space Agency consist of:- Installation of the Board of Governors (Done on September 7, 2010)
- Development and organization of forums to discuss and define Mexico's Space Policy. The forums are:
- Industrial Development Forum in the city of Queretaro, Queretaro (Done the 28th and 29th of October, 2010).
- International Relations and Legal Framework Forum in the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo (Done the 15th and 16th of November, 2010).
- Scientific and Technical Research Forum in the city of Ensenada, Baja California (Done from the 13th to the 15th of December, 2010).
- Formation of Human Resources Forum in the city of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco (Will take place from the 27th to the 29th of January, 2011).
- Write Conclusions in Mexico City and present to Congress (Will take place in 2011).
- Designation by the President of Mexico of the first General Director of the Agency (2011).