The Second Parliament of Charles I was summoned early in 1626 in another attempt to solve the King's

Charles I of England

Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...

 growing monetary problems.

Reaction to the First Parliament

The King deliberately set out to secure a more docile body than his 1st Parliament by attempting to reduce the numerical strength of his opponents that were returned to the House of Commons. The main tactic he employed was to ensure that a number of the people who were potentially troublesome MPs were chosen to be sheriffs of their county. This prevented them from being elected to parliament since a sheriff was expected to remain within his county during his period in office.

Charles also raised some other potential trouble makers to aristocratic titles which again made them ineligible for the Commons. Of course, this tactic gave them an automatic place in the House of Lords, which at least one of the new lords used to continue his attacks on Charles’ policies.

Initial Meeting

The newly chosen members of the House of Commons met for the first time at Westminster on 6th February, 1626, a few days after Charles’ coronation. The first business was the election of a speaker. Having chosen a new speaker, the Commons then had to decide who would preach to them at their first service in St Margaret's, Westminster, which the Commons preferred to Westminster Abbey because the Abbey services involved rituals with which the Puritans felt uncomfortable. The commons rejected John Donne

John Donne

John Donne 31 March 1631), English poet, satirist, lawyer, and priest, is now considered the preeminent representative of the metaphysical poets. His works are notable for their strong and sensual style and include sonnets, love poetry, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs,...

, Dean of St Paul’s and chose instead the Dean of Canterbury. Having decided this weighty issue, the Commons could turn its attention to the other matters facing the country.

Issues

Although this session of parliament had been called by the King to address his financial problems, the Commons continued to have other ideas about the country’s priorities. The topic they considered most significant was the role of the Duke of Buckingham as the King’s advisor. For a while, the issue remained beneath the surface, but a large section of the Commons was determined to attack his authority when the opportunity arose. In the mean time, they once again ensured that the Commons did not grant the King any new taxes while Buckingham remained in office. In the end, it was the opposition of the Commons to Buckingham that led to the dissolution of Parliament.

The Commons were anxious to separate the King from his advisors. To some extent it was a polite fiction that the King was not himself behaving wrongly, but that he was badly advised. However, among many members of parliament there was a genuine dislike for the Duke of Buckingham

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham KG was the favourite, claimed by some to be the lover, of King James I of England. Despite a very patchy political and military record, he remained at the height of royal favour for the first two years of the reign of Charles I, until he was assassinated...

. Buckingham had originally been a favourite of the James I and had a great deal of contact with Charles while he was growing up. With the accession of Charles as king, Buckingham began to play an ever growing role in the formulation and execution of policy. The Commons openly criticised him and would not provide the King with money until their complaints about him had been addressed. On 18th March, the house considered the report from the committee for evils, causes and remedies which put forward six complaints about the Duke of Buckingham.

Dissolution

Charles attempted to intimidate the Commons into granting him his revenue before it considered Buckingham’s impeachment. However, the members of the Commons were in no mood to back down. Instead, the attacks on Buckingham intensified. On 15th June, Charles I dissolved the parliament of 1626/7 before it had voted him any significant new money in order to prevent Buckingham being impeached. When asked by a group of Peers to delay the dissolution, Charles replied “not by a second”.