1st Ohio Battery
Encyclopedia
1st Ohio Independent Battery was an artillery
battery
that served in the Union Army
during the American Civil War
.
in Columbus, Ohio
and mustered in for three years service on August 6, 1861 under Captain James Ross McMullen.
The battery was attached to Cox's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to September 1861. Benham's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to October 1861. 1st Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to March 1862. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division, West Virginia, to August 1862. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division, IX Corps, Army of the Potomac
, to October 1862. 3rd Brigade, Kanawha Division, West Virginia, Department of the Ohio
, to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, VIII Corps, Middle Department
, to June 1863. 2nd Brigade, Scammon's Division, Army of West Virginia
, to December 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of West Virginia, to April 1864. Artillery, 2nd Infantry Division, Army of West Virginia, to July 1864. Artillery Brigade, Army of West Virginia, to August 1864. Artillery Reserve Division, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, to April 1865. 3rd Brigade, Hardins' Division, XXII Corps, Defenses of Washington, to June 1865.
The 1st Ohio Battery mustered out of service June 26, 1865 at Columbus, Ohio.
Artillery
Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
battery
Artillery battery
In military organizations, an artillery battery is a unit of guns, mortars, rockets or missiles so grouped in order to facilitate better battlefield communication and command and control, as well as to provide dispersion for its constituent gunnery crews and their systems...
that served in the Union Army
Union Army
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army and the National Army...
during the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
.
Service
The 1st Ohio Battery was organized at Camp ChaseCamp Chase
Camp Chase was a military staging, training and prison camp in Columbus, Ohio, during the American Civil War. All that remains of the camp today is a Confederate cemetery containing 2,260 graves. The cemetery is located in what is now the Hilltop neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio.- History :Camp Chase...
in Columbus, Ohio
Columbus, Ohio
Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...
and mustered in for three years service on August 6, 1861 under Captain James Ross McMullen.
The battery was attached to Cox's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to September 1861. Benham's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to October 1861. 1st Brigade, District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to March 1862. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division, West Virginia, to August 1862. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division, IX Corps, Army of the Potomac
Army of the Potomac
The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.-History:The Army of the Potomac was created in 1861, but was then only the size of a corps . Its nucleus was called the Army of Northeastern Virginia, under Brig. Gen...
, to October 1862. 3rd Brigade, Kanawha Division, West Virginia, Department of the Ohio
Department of the Ohio
The Department of the Ohio was an administrative military district created by the United States War Department early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Northern states near the Ohio River.General Orders No...
, to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, VIII Corps, Middle Department
Middle Department
The Middle Department was an administrative military district created by the United States War Department early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Middle Atlantic states....
, to June 1863. 2nd Brigade, Scammon's Division, Army of West Virginia
Army of West Virginia
The Army of West Virginia served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and was the primary field army of the Department of West Virginia. It campaigned primarily in West Virginia, Southwest Virginia and in the Shenandoah Valley. It is noted for having two future U.S. presidents serve in...
, to December 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of West Virginia, to April 1864. Artillery, 2nd Infantry Division, Army of West Virginia, to July 1864. Artillery Brigade, Army of West Virginia, to August 1864. Artillery Reserve Division, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, to April 1865. 3rd Brigade, Hardins' Division, XXII Corps, Defenses of Washington, to June 1865.
The 1st Ohio Battery mustered out of service June 26, 1865 at Columbus, Ohio.
Detailed service
Ordered to the Kanawha Valley, Va. Action at Carnifex Ferry, Va., September 10, 1861. Moved to Camp Anderson and Big Sewell Mountain September 15-23, then to Camp Anderson October 6-9. Operations in the Kanawha Valley and New River Region October 19-November 16. Moved to Gauley and duty there until May 1862. Advance on Virginia & Tennessee Railroad April 22-May 1. Princeton May 11, 16 and 17. At Flat Top Mountain until August. Movement to Washington, D.C., August 15-24. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battles of South Mountain September 14; Antietam September 16-17. Moved to Clear Springs October 8, then to Hancock and march to the Kanawha Valley, W. Va., October 9-November 17, via Clarksburg, Summerville, Gauley Bridge, and Kanawha Falls. Duty at Kanawha Falls (Falls of the Great Kanawha) until March 1863, and at Charleston until April 1864. Fayetteville May 17-20, 1863 (section). Operations against Morgan's Raid in Ohio July 2-26, 1863. Scammon's Demonstration from Kanawha Valley December 8-25. Lewisburg and Greenbrier River December 12, 1863. Crook's Raid on Virginia & Tennessee Railroad May 3-19, 1864. Battle of Cloyd's Mountain May 9. New River Bridge May 10. Salt Pond Gap, Pond Mountain Gap, May 13. Hunter's Expedition to Lynchburg May 26-July 1. Lexington June 11. Diamond Hill June 17. Lynchburg June 17-18. Buford's Gap June 20. Salem June 21. Moved to Shenandoah Valley July 12-15. Action at Bunker Hill July 19. Stephenson's Depot, Carter's Farm, July 20. Battle of Winchester July 24. Retreat to Williamsport, Md.; then ordered to Martinsburg, W. Va., and duty there guarding stores until March 1865. Moved to Harpers Ferry, then to Washington, D.C., and duty in the defenses of that city until June.Casualties
The battery lost a total of 22 men during service; 1 officer and 6 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 15 enlisted men died of disease.See also
- List of Ohio Civil War units
- Ohio in the Civil WarOhio in the Civil WarDuring the American Civil War, the State of Ohio played a key role in providing troops, military officers, and supplies to the Union army. Due to its central location in the Northern United States and burgeoning population, Ohio was both politically and logistically important to the war effort...