Zdenek Miler
Encyclopedia
Zdeněk Miler (ˈzdɛɲɛk ˈmɪlɛr; 21 February 1921 – 30 November 2011) was a Czech
animator and illustrator best known for his Mole
(Krtek or Krteček in original) character and its adventures.
just west of Prague
, the capital of what was then Czechoslovakia
. He became an animator partly because of the Nazi
occupation of Czechoslovakia. He took part in the demonstrations held consequent to death of Jan Opletal
which lead to the closing of universities and colleges. He escaped being sent to a Concentration camp. Instead he wound up working as an animator.
Miler enjoyed painting as a child. His hobby developed when he joined the national graphic school in Prague in 1936. He later studied at the College of Arts and Crafts (uměleckoprůmyslová škola Praha). In 1942 he began work at the cartoon studio Baťa in Zlín
. There he learned the important practical skills relating to film production specializing in animated films. After the second World War, he started work at the cartoon company Bratři v triku and worked first as draughtsman then author and director. He later became the head of the company.
, he looked for an animal as the main character. Later, he said that the idea to use the mole as his main character came to him when he stumbled over a mole hill during a walk. The first film was titled “How the mole got his trousers” (“Jak krtek ke kalhotkám přišel”), which won a silver lion in Venice. In the beginning, the mole spoke. But Miler wanted his mole to be understood everywhere in the world so he decided to use his daughters as voice actors, reducing the speech to short non-figurative exclamations in order to express Krtek's feelings and world perception. His daughters were also his test audience, who got to see the films first. Thus Miler could see whether his message resonated with children.
Krtek was a huge success in Czechoslovakia, Eastern Europe and Germany from the beginning and today Krtek can be seen in over 80 countries.
1957
Other films
1948 after Jiří Wolker
Czech people
Czechs, or Czech people are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic. Small populations of Czechs also live in Slovakia, Austria, the United States, the United Kingdom, Chile, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Russia and other countries...
animator and illustrator best known for his Mole
Mole (Zdenek Miler character)
The Mole is an animated character in a series of cartoons, created by Czech animator Zdeněk Miler.It was first to be seen in 1956 in Prague, when Miler wanted to create a children's cartoon...
(Krtek or Krteček in original) character and its adventures.
Early years
Miler was born in KladnoKladno
Kladno is a city in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is located 25 km northwest of Prague. Kladno is the largest city of the region and holds a population together with its adjacent suburban areas of more than 110,000 people...
just west of Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
, the capital of what was then Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
. He became an animator partly because of the Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
occupation of Czechoslovakia. He took part in the demonstrations held consequent to death of Jan Opletal
Jan Opletal
Jan Opletal was a student of the Medical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague, who was killed in an anti-Nazi demonstration during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia....
which lead to the closing of universities and colleges. He escaped being sent to a Concentration camp. Instead he wound up working as an animator.
Miler enjoyed painting as a child. His hobby developed when he joined the national graphic school in Prague in 1936. He later studied at the College of Arts and Crafts (uměleckoprůmyslová škola Praha). In 1942 he began work at the cartoon studio Baťa in Zlín
Zlín
Zlín , from 1949 to 1989 Gottwaldov , is a city in the Zlín Region, southeastern Moravia, Czech Republic, on the Dřevnice River. The development of the modern city is closely connected to the Bata Shoes company...
. There he learned the important practical skills relating to film production specializing in animated films. After the second World War, he started work at the cartoon company Bratři v triku and worked first as draughtsman then author and director. He later became the head of the company.
Krtek the Mole
Miler made about 70 films. In approximately 50 of them, the protagonist was his most famous creation, the small mole (Krtek in Czech). The idea for its creation came when he was commissioned to make an educational film for children in 1956. He was not happy with the script he was given. Since he was strongly influenced by the films of Walt DisneyWalt Disney
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon, and philanthropist, well-known for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. Along with his brother Roy O...
, he looked for an animal as the main character. Later, he said that the idea to use the mole as his main character came to him when he stumbled over a mole hill during a walk. The first film was titled “How the mole got his trousers” (“Jak krtek ke kalhotkám přišel”), which won a silver lion in Venice. In the beginning, the mole spoke. But Miler wanted his mole to be understood everywhere in the world so he decided to use his daughters as voice actors, reducing the speech to short non-figurative exclamations in order to express Krtek's feelings and world perception. His daughters were also his test audience, who got to see the films first. Thus Miler could see whether his message resonated with children.
Krtek was a huge success in Czechoslovakia, Eastern Europe and Germany from the beginning and today Krtek can be seen in over 80 countries.
Works
Krtek1957
- Krtek a autíčko. 1963 (The mole and the car)
- Krtek a raketa. 1965 (The mole and the rocket)
- Krtek a tranzistor. 1968 (The mole and the radio)
- Krtek a zelená hvězda. 1969 (The mole and the green star)
- Krtek a žvýkačka. 1969 (The mole and the chewing gum)
- Krtek v zoo. 1969 (The mole in the zoo)
- Krtek zahradníkem. 1969 (Mole the gardener)
- Krtek a ježek. 1970 (The mole and the hedgehog)
- Krtek a lízátko. 1970 (The mole and the lollipop)
- Krtek a televisor. 1970 (The mole and the television)
- Krtek a paraplíčko. 1971 (The mole and the umbrella)
- Krtek malířem. 1972 (Mole the painter)
- Krtek a muzika. 1974 (The mole and music)
- Krtek a telefon. 1974 (The mole and the telephone)
- Krtek a zápalky. 1974 (The mole and the matches)
- Krtek chemikem. 1974 (Mole the chemist)
- Krtek A more buldozer. 1975 (The mole and the bulldozer)
- Krtek A koberec. 1975 (The mole and the carpet)
- Krtek A vejce. 1975 (The mole and the egg)
- Krtek fotografem. 1975 (Mole the photographer)
- Krtek hodinářem. 1975 (Mole the watchmaker)
- Krtek v poušti. 1975 (The mole in the desert)
- Krtek o vánocích. 1975 (The mole and Christmas)
- Krtek a karneval. 1976 (The mole and the carnival)
- Krtek ve městě. 1982 (The mole in the city)
- Krtek ve snu. 1984 (The mole in the dream)
- Krtek a medicína. 1987 (The mole and the medicine)
- Krtek filmová hvězda. 1988 (Mole the film star)
- Krtek a orel. 1992 (The mole and the eagle)
- Krtek a hodiny. 1994 (The mole and the clock)
- Krtek a kachničky. 1995 (The mole and the ducklings)
- Krtek a kamarádi. 1995 (The mole and friends)
- Krtek a oslava. 1995 (The mole and the celebration)
- Krtek a robot. 1995 (The mole and the robot)
- Krtek a uhlí. 1995 (The mole and the coal)
- Krtek a víkend. 1995 (The mole and the weekend)
- Krtek a houby. 1997 (The mole and the mushrooms)
- Krtek a maminka. 1997 (The mole and the mummy)
- Krtek a metro. 1997 (The mole and the underground)
- Krtek a myška. 1997 (The mole and the mouse)
- Krtek a sněhulák. 1997 (The mole and the snowman)
- Krtek a zajíček. 1997 (The mole and the small hare)
- Krtek a pramen. 1999 (The mole and the stream)
- Krtek a šťoura. 1999 (The mole and the grumbler)
- Krtek a flétna. 1999 (The mole and the flute)
- Krtek a vlaštovka. 2000 (The mole and the swallow)
- Krtek a rybka. 2000 (The mole and the small fish)
- Krtek a žabka. 2002 (The Mole and the small frog)
Other films
1948 after Jiří Wolker
- Měsíční pohádka. 1958 (A moon history)
- Jak štěňátko dostalo chuť na med. 1960 (How the Puppy wanted Honey)
- O štěňátku. 1960 (About the small puppy)
- Jak štěňátko chtělo malé pejsky. 1960 (How the puppy wanted small dogs)
- Jak sluníčko vrátilo štěňátku vodu. 1960 (How the sun returned the water to the small puppy)
- O nejbohatším vrabci ve světě. 1961 (About the world's richest)
- Rudá stopa. 1963 (The red trace)
- O Čtverečkovi a Trojúhelníčkovi. 1963 (About the small square and the small triangle)
- Sametka. 1967 (The Velvet Caterpillar)
- Romance helgolandská. 1977 (A Helgoland romance)
- Cvrček a stroj. 1977 (The cricket and the machine)
- Cvrček a pavouk. 1977 (The cricket and the spider)
- Cvrček a housličky. 1978 (The cricket and the violin)
- Cvrček a slepice. 1978 (The cricket and the chicken)
- Cvrček a pila. 1978 (The cricket and the saw)
- Cvrček a bombardón. 1978 (The cricket and the bombardone)
- Cvrček a basa. 1979 (The cricket and the contrabass)