Zangana
Encyclopedia
The Zangana are a branch of southern Kurds and a tribal confederation of the Shabaks
of Northern Iraq. They have historically lived southeast of Kirkuk
and near Khanaqin
. and Kifri. Alternatively, they have been associated with the Sulaymaniyah
area. There are also Zanganas around Kirmanshah.
They speak a distinct dialect. However, in recent years they have linguistically assimilated into the language practice of Sorani
speakers in the area in which they live.
The settlement patterns of the people have shifted since the late 1980s. The Saddam Hussein regime relocated them in the Al-Anfal Campaign
of 1988; also, in the course of the refugee dislocations of 1991 the Zengana people relocated.
Shabak people
Shabak people are an ethnic and religious minority group living in northern Iraq, who live mainly in the villages of Ali Rash, Khazna, Yangidja, and Tallara in Sinjar district in the province of Ninawa in northern Iraq. Their language, Shabaki, is a Northwestern Iranian language very close to...
of Northern Iraq. They have historically lived southeast of Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Kirkuk is a city in Iraq and the capital of Kirkuk Governorate.It is located in the Iraqi governorate of Kirkuk, north of the capital, Baghdad...
and near Khanaqin
Khanaqin
Khanaqin is a city in Iraq. It is located at 34.3°N, 45.4°E in the Diyala Governorate, near the Iranian border on a tributary of the Diyala River...
. and Kifri. Alternatively, they have been associated with the Sulaymaniyah
Sulaymaniyah
Sulaymaniyah is a city in Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq. It is the capital of Sulaymaniyah Governorate. Sulaymaniyah is surrounded by the Azmar Range, Goizja Range and the Qaiwan Range in the north east, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluje Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with...
area. There are also Zanganas around Kirmanshah.
They speak a distinct dialect. However, in recent years they have linguistically assimilated into the language practice of Sorani
Soranî
Soranî is the name of a Kurdish language that is spoken in Iran and Iraq. Soranî is one of the main Kurdish languages, which are a branch of the Iranian languages.- Name :...
speakers in the area in which they live.
The settlement patterns of the people have shifted since the late 1980s. The Saddam Hussein regime relocated them in the Al-Anfal Campaign
Al-Anfal Campaign
The al-Anfal Campaign , also known as Operation Anfal or simply Anfal, was a genocidal campaign against the Kurdish people in Northern Iraq, led by the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein and headed by Ali Hassan al-Majid in the final stages of Iran-Iraq War...
of 1988; also, in the course of the refugee dislocations of 1991 the Zengana people relocated.
Additional reference
- Cecil J. EdmondsCecil J. EdmondsCecil J. Edmonds was a British political officer who served with the British Expeditionary Forces in Mesopotamia and western Persia, and later in the civil administration of Iraq. From 1935 to 1945 he was adviser to the Ministry of Interior in Iraq...
, Kurds, Turks and Arabs: Politics, Travel and Research in North-Eastern Iraq, 1919-1925, London, 1957.