Yudra Nyingpo
Encyclopedia
'Yudra Nyingpo' was one of the chief disciples of Vairotsana
Vairotsana
This article is about the Tibetan translator. For the primordial Buddha Vairocana, please see VairocanaVairotsana of 'Pagor' was a Tibetan translator living during the reign of King Trisong Detsen...

 and one of the principal 'translators' (Tibetan: lotsawa
Lotsawa
Lotsawa is a Tibetan word used as a title to refer to the native Tibetan translators, such as Vairotsana, Rinchen Zangpo, Marpa and others, who worked alongside Indian scholars or panditas to translate the texts of the buddhist canon into Tibetan from Sanskrit, Chinese and other Asian languages...

) of the first translation stage of texts into Tibetan.

Yudra Nyingpo became one of the greatest masters of Nyingma
Nyingma
The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism . "Nyingma" literally means "ancient," and is often referred to as Nga'gyur or the "old school" because it is founded on the first translations of Buddhist scriptures from Sanskrit into Tibetan, in the eighth century...

 Dzogchen
Dzogchen
According to Tibetan Buddhism and Bön, Dzogchen is the natural, primordial state or natural condition of the mind, and a body of teachings and meditation practices aimed at realizing that condition. Dzogchen, or "Great Perfection", is a central teaching of the Nyingma school also practiced by...

 Semde
Semde
Semde translated as "mind division", "mind class" or "mind series" is the name of one of three scriptural and lineage divisions within Atiyoga, Dzogchen or the Great Perfection which is itself the pinnacle of the ninefold division of practice according to the Nyingma school of Tibetan...

 and Longde teachings:
"Yudra Nyingpo was a prince of Gyalmo Tsawe Rong (Gyarong) in Eastern Tibet. In Gyarong, Yudra Nyingpo received teachings from Vairocana, who was exiled in the area for a certain period of time. Studying with Vairocana, Yudra Nyingpo became a great scholar and translator. Later he traveled to Central Tibet and received teachings from Guru Rinpoche and he became one of the greatest masters of semde and longde teachings of Dzogpa Chenpo in Tibet."


Yudra Nyingpo translated many works, including the 'Thirteen Later Translations' of the 'Eighteen Major Scriptural Transmissions of the Mind Series' :
  1. Tsemo Chung-gyal (Supreme Peak)
  2. Namkha'i Gyalpo (King of Space)
  3. Dewa Thrulkod (Jewel-Encrusted Bliss Ornament)
  4. Dzogpa Chiching (All-Encompassing Perfection)
  5. Changchub Semtig (Essence of Bodhicitta)
  6. Dewa Rabjam (Infinite Bliss)
  7. Sog-gi Khorlo (Wheel of Life)
  8. Thigle Trugpa (Six Spheres)
  9. Dzogpa Chichod (All-Penetrating Perfection)
  10. Yidzhin Norbu (Wish-Fulfilling Jewel)
  11. Kundu Rigpa (All-unifying Pure Presence)
  12. Jetsun Tampa (Supreme Lord)
  13. Gonpa Tontrub (The Realization of the True Meaning of Meditation)


Liljenberg (2009: p. 51) holds that there are variances in the listing of the Thirteen Later Translations:
"The earliest lists of titles of the Thirteen Later Translations are found in the writings of the twelfth century treasure revealer Nyang Ral Nyi ma 'od zer. He gives two lists, one in his Zangs gling ma biography of Padmasambhava, and the other in his religious history, the Me tog snying po. There are significant differences between the two lists, however, and subsequent lists drawn up by
various authors also show marked variations, symptomatic of continuing fluidity in the composition of this group of texts."
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