is a
color spaceA color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components...
used in
videoVideo is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.-History:...
electronics, in particular in reference to
component videoComponent video is a video signal that has been split into two or more components. In popular use, it refers to a type of analog video information that is transmitted or stored as three separate signals. Component video can be contrasted with composite video in which all the video information is...
cables. is the
analogAn Analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e analogous to another time varying signal. It differs from a digital signal in terms of small fluctuations in the signal which are...
version of the
YCBCRYCbCr or Y'CbCr is a family of color spaces used as a part of the Color image pipeline in video and digital photography systems. Y' is the luma component and Cb and Cr are the blue-difference and red-difference chroma components...
color space; the two are numerically equivalent, but YP
BP
R is designed for use in
analog systemsAnalogue electronics are those electronic systems with a continuously variable signal. In contrast, in digital electronics signals usually take only two different levels. The term "analogue" describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that representes the...
whereas YC
BC
R is intended for
digital videoDigital video is a type of video recording system that works by using a digital rather than an analog video signal.The terms camera, video camera, and camcorder are used interchangeably in this article.- History :...
.
Because people often get tongue-tied trying to say quickly they are also commonly referred to as
Yipper cables.
is a
color spaceA color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components...
used in
videoVideo is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.-History:...
electronics, in particular in reference to
component videoComponent video is a video signal that has been split into two or more components. In popular use, it refers to a type of analog video information that is transmitted or stored as three separate signals. Component video can be contrasted with composite video in which all the video information is...
cables. is the
analogAn Analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e analogous to another time varying signal. It differs from a digital signal in terms of small fluctuations in the signal which are...
version of the
YCBCRYCbCr or Y'CbCr is a family of color spaces used as a part of the Color image pipeline in video and digital photography systems. Y' is the luma component and Cb and Cr are the blue-difference and red-difference chroma components...
color space; the two are numerically equivalent, but YP
BP
R is designed for use in
analog systemsAnalogue electronics are those electronic systems with a continuously variable signal. In contrast, in digital electronics signals usually take only two different levels. The term "analogue" describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that representes the...
whereas YC
BC
R is intended for
digital videoDigital video is a type of video recording system that works by using a digital rather than an analog video signal.The terms camera, video camera, and camcorder are used interchangeably in this article.- History :...
.
Because people often get tongue-tied trying to say quickly they are also commonly referred to as
Yipper cables. is commonly called "component video", but this is a misnomer, as there are many other types of component video (mostly RGB with sync either on green or one or two separate signals).
Some
video cardA video card, video adapter, graphics-accelerator card, display adapter, or graphics card is an expansion card whose function is to generate and output images to a display...
s come with
Video In Video Out (VIVO)Video In Video Out, usually seen as the acronym VIVO , is a graphics port which enables some video cards to have bidirectional analog video transfer through a mini-DIN connector, usually of the 9-pin variety, and a specialised splitter cable .VIVO is found on high-end ATI and NVIDIA...
ports for connecting to component video devices.
Technical details
is converted from the
RGBThe RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors...
video signal, which is split into three components, Y, P
B, and P
R.
- Y carries luma
As applied to video signals, luma represents the brightness in an image . Luma is typically paired with chroma. Luma represents the achromatic image without any color, while the chroma components represent the color information. Converting R'G'B' sources As applied to video signals, luma...
(brightness) and sync information.
- PB carries the difference between blue
Blue is a colour, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 440–490 nm. It is considered one of the additive primary colours. On the HSV Colour Wheel, the complement of blue is yellow; that is, a colour corresponding to an equal...
and luma (B − Y).
- PR carries the difference between red
Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 630–740 nm. Longer wavelengths than this are called infrared , and cannot be seen by the naked human eye...
and luma (R − Y).
Sending a
greenGreen is a color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nanometres. In the subtractive color system, it is not a primary color, but is created out of a mixture of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; it is considered...
signal would be redundant, as it can be derived using the blue, red and luma information.
cables are not physically different from
composite videoComposite video is the format of an analog television signal before it is combined with a sound signal and modulated onto an RF carrier.Composite video is often designated by the CVBS acronym, meaning "Color, Video, Blank and Sync"...
cables and can be used interchangeably. This means that the yellow
RCA ConnectorAn RCA connector, sometimes called cinch plug or lotus plug, is a type of electrical connector that is commonly used in the audio/video market...
cable commonly packaged with most audio/visual equipment can be used in place of the connectors, provided the end user is careful to keep track of the colors (i.e. green should attach to green even if the cord being used is color-coded yellow).
YPbPr Advantages
YPbPr is a color space encoding scheme that was developed to save on cable bandwidth requirements while separating the signal enough to provide a quality image.
S-VideoSeparate Video, more commonly known as S-Video, and sometimes incorrectly referred to as Super Video and also known as Y/C, is an analog video signal that carries video data as two separate signals: lumen and chroma...
and
composite videoComposite video is the format of an analog television signal before it is combined with a sound signal and modulated onto an RF carrier.Composite video is often designated by the CVBS acronym, meaning "Color, Video, Blank and Sync"...
mix the signals together by means of electronic
MultiplexingThe multiplexed signal is transmitted over a communication channel, which may be a physical transmission medium. The multiplexing divides the capacity of the low-level communication channel into several higher-level logical channels, one for each message signal or data stream to be transferred...
, however, more often than not the signal is degraded at the display end as the display is not 100% able to separate the signals. It is possible for their multiplexed counterparts to interfere with each other (see
Dot crawlDot crawl is the popular name for a visual defect of color analog video standards when signals are transmitted as composite video, as in terrestrial broadcast television. It consists of animated checkerboard patterns which appear along vertical color transitions...
).
Signals that use YPbPr, like component video, offer enough separation of the signals that no multiplexing is needed, so the quality of the extracted image is generally near identical to the signal before encoding.
Though not necessarily an advantage to YPbPr, component video which uses YPbPr was the only one out of the other two common analog cable standards (composite and s-video) to be able to transfer non-
interlaceIn the domain of mechanical television, the concept of interlacing was demonstrated by Léon Theremin. He had been developing a mirror drum-based television, starting with 16 lines resolution in 1925, then 32 lines and eventually 64 using interlacing in 1926, and as part of his thesis on May 7, 1926...
d video and at the same time able to transfer resolutions higher than 480i/p.