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X-ray notation
 
 
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X-ray notation is a method of labeling atomic orbitals that grew out of X-ray science. It is still traditionally used with most x-ray spectroscopy techniques including AES
Auger electron spectroscopy

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surface science and, more generally, in the area of materials science....
 and XPS
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is a quantitative spectroscopic technique that measures the elemental composition, empirical formula, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within a material....
. In X-ray notation, every principal quantum number is given a letter associated with it.








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X-ray notation is a method of labeling atomic orbitals that grew out of X-ray science. It is still traditionally used with most x-ray spectroscopy techniques including AES
Auger electron spectroscopy

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surface science and, more generally, in the area of materials science....
 and XPS
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is a quantitative spectroscopic technique that measures the elemental composition, empirical formula, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within a material....
. In X-ray notation, every principal quantum number is given a letter associated with it.

Conversion

Quantum Numbers
(n l s j)		 Atomic Notation X-ray Notation
1 0 ±1/2 1/2 1s(1/2) K1
2 0 ±1/2 1/2 2s(1/2) L1
2 1 +1/2 3/2 2p(3/2) L2
2 1 -1/2 1/2 2p(1/2) L3
3 0 ±1/2 1/2 3s M1
3 1 -1/2 1/2 3p1/2 M2
3 1 +1/2 3/2 3p3/2 M3
3 2 -1/2 3/2 3d3/2 M4
3 2 +1/2 5/2 3d5/2 M5


Use

  • X-ray sources are classified by the type of material and orbital used to generate them. For example, CuKa X-rays are emitted from the K orbital of copper.
  • X-ray absorption
    Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)

    In physics, absorption of electromagnetic radiation is the way by which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter, typically the electrons of an atom....
     is reported as which orbital absorped the x-ray photon. In EXAFS and XMCD
    XMCD

    X-ray magnetic circular dichroism is a difference spectrum of two x-ray Absorption spectrum taken in a magnetic field, one taken with left circularly polarized light, and one with right circularly polarized light....
     the L-edge or the L absorption edge is the point where the L orbital begins to absorp x-rays.
  • Auger
    Auger electron spectroscopy

    Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surface science and, more generally, in the area of materials science....
     peaks are identified with three orbital definitions, for example KL1L2. In this case, K represents the core level hole, L1 the relaxing electron's initial state, and L2 the emitted electron's initial energy state.