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Word count



 
 
A word count is the number of words that a document
Document

A document is a bounded physical representation of body of information designed with the capacity to communication. A document may manifest symbolic, diagrammatic or sensory-representational information....
 contains. Knowing the number of words in a document is sometimes important, for instance if the author is required to stay within certain minimum or maximum bounds, particularly in academia
Academia

Academia, Academe, or the Academy are collective terms for the community of students and scholars engaged in higher education and research....
, legal proceedings, journalism
Journalism

Journalism is the craft of conveying news, descriptive material and editorial via a widening spectrum of Media . These include newspapers, magazines, radio and television, the internet and, more recently, the cellphone....
 and advertising
Advertising

Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to Purchasing or to consume more of a particular brand of Product or Service ....
. Word counts are also important in defining typing and reading speeds (usually measured in words per minute
Words per minute

Words per minute, commonly abbreviated wpm, is a measure of input or output speed.For the purposes of WPM measurement a word is standardized to five characters or keystrokes....
), and they are also occasionally used to differentiate different categories of writing, particularly prose writing, for judgment in literary contests.

Word counts may also be important for spoken pieces.






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A word count is the number of words that a document
Document

A document is a bounded physical representation of body of information designed with the capacity to communication. A document may manifest symbolic, diagrammatic or sensory-representational information....
 contains. Knowing the number of words in a document is sometimes important, for instance if the author is required to stay within certain minimum or maximum bounds, particularly in academia
Academia

Academia, Academe, or the Academy are collective terms for the community of students and scholars engaged in higher education and research....
, legal proceedings, journalism
Journalism

Journalism is the craft of conveying news, descriptive material and editorial via a widening spectrum of Media . These include newspapers, magazines, radio and television, the internet and, more recently, the cellphone....
 and advertising
Advertising

Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to Purchasing or to consume more of a particular brand of Product or Service ....
. Word counts are also important in defining typing and reading speeds (usually measured in words per minute
Words per minute

Words per minute, commonly abbreviated wpm, is a measure of input or output speed.For the purposes of WPM measurement a word is standardized to five characters or keystrokes....
), and they are also occasionally used to differentiate different categories of writing, particularly prose writing, for judgment in literary contests.

Word counts may also be important for spoken pieces. Formal speaking in English is usually around 100 to 120 words per minute; thus, for example, an eight-minute speech would contain roughly 800 to 960 words.

The command wc
Wc (Unix)

wc is a command in Unix-like operating systems.The program reads either standard input or a list of files and generates one or more of the following statistics: number of bytes, word count, and number of lines ....
 in Unix/Linux can do automatic word counts, as can many word processors. Different word counting programs may give unequal results for the same document, depending on the text segmentation
Text segmentation

Text segmentation is the process of dividing writing into meaningful units, such as sentences or topics. The term applies both to human mind processes used by humans when reading text, and to artificial processes implemented in computers, which are the subject of natural language processing....
 algorithm
Algorithm

In mathematics, computing, linguistics and related subjects, an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions, often used for calculation and data processing....
s used, or whether footnote
Footnote

A footnote is a note of text placed at the bottom of a page in a book or document. The note comments on and/or may citation a reference for part of the main body of text....
s are counted. There are a number of online word counting sites that can be used.

Word Counts in publishing


Publishers often estimate book size by number of pages rather than word count: this measure includes white space
White space

White space or whitespace refers to the blank area between written characters or graphic regionsIt may also refer to:* White space , or negative space, the portions of a page left unmarked...
. In professional publishing, 250 words per page is generally considered to be standard. This standard was set in earlier times, when most manuscripts (MS) were prepared on typewriter
Typewriter

A typewriter is a Machine or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause Typeface to be printed on a medium, usually paper....
s with fixed pitch fonts. Most publishers accept manuscripts in any clear, easily readable font, but the old guideline of 250 words per page is still the norm. Thus, a book of 100 pages is deemed to contain roughly 25,000 words.

The majority of Word Processing programs give a word count broken down into the number of pages, words, characters (no spaces), characters (with spaces), paragraphs, and lines with a checkbox to include footnotes and endnotes.

Document types defined by word counts

For many kinds of prose or poetry writing, a word count can help determine the classification of the piece of writing, although the exact thresholds vary depending on the organization making the classification.

Classification Typical word count
Novel
Novel

File:2009 stapelweise Neuerscheinungen im Buchladen.JPGA novel is today a long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern Romance and in the tradition of the novella....
 
80,000+ words
Novella
Novella

A novella is a writing, fictional, prose narrative longer than a novelette but shorter than a novel. While there is disagreement as to what length defines a novella, the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America Nebula Awards for science fiction define the novella as having a word count between 17,500 and 40,000....
 
17,500 to 80,000 words
Novelette
Novelette

A novelette is a piece of short prose fiction. The distinction between a novelette and other literary forms, like a novella, is usually based upon word count....
 
7,500 to 17,500 words
Short story
Short story

The short story refers to a work of fiction that is usually written in prose, usually in narrative format. This format or medium tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas and novels or books....
 
1,000 to 7,500 words
Flash fiction
Flash fiction

Flash fiction is fiction of extreme brevity. The standard, generally-accepted length of a flash fiction piece is 1000 words or less. By contrast, a short-short measures 1001 words to 2500 words, and a traditional short story measures 2501 to 7500 words....
 
under 1,000 words


The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America
Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America

Science Fiction Writers of America, or SFWA , was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight. The organization has since changed its name to Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, Inc., but continues with the acronym SFWA after a very brief use of the acronym SFFWA....
 association uses word count length for determining Nebula award
Nebula Award

The Nebula Award is an award given each year by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America , for the best science fiction/fantasy fiction published in the United States during the two previous years ....
s categories.

The acceptable length of an academic thesis
Thesis

A dissertation is a document that presents the author's research and findings and is submitted in support of candidature for a degree or professional qualification....
 varies greatly, dependent predominantly on the subject. Griffith University
Griffith University

Griffith University is a public university based on the Gold Coast, Queensland and in Brisbane, Australia. The total enrolment is 31,000 undergraduate students and 6000 postgraduate students....
 gives the following maximums (not including appendices or footnotes):

  • Doctor of Philosophy
    Doctor of Philosophy

    Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph.D. or PhD for the Latin , meaning "teacher of philosophy", is an postgraduate academic degree awarded by University....
    : 100,000 words
  • Master of Philosophy
    Master of Philosophy

    The Master of Philosophy is a postgraduate research degree requiring the completion of a thesis. It is a lesser degree than the Doctor of Philosophy or Engineering Doctorate , greater than the Bachelor of Philosophy , and is of greater scope than the Master of Arts and Master of Science degrees....
    : 50,000 words
  • Doctor of Education
    Doctor of Education

    The Doctor of Education degree is a discipline-based doctorate that prepares the student for academic, administrative, clinical or research positions in education....
    : 50,000 words
  • Doctor of Visual Arts: 20,000 words